By evaporating single element to grow two kinds of stacked layer precursors In/Cu/Se and In/Se/Cu first, In/Cu/Se precursor forms as CuSe2, CuSe and In metal phase, but In/Se/Cu precursor forms mainly as Cu11In9 alloy, In metal phase and amorphous Se. In RTA selenization process, the two kinds of stacked layer precursors form to CuInSe2 (for short as CIS) thin film in different reaction mechanisms, but both of the two stacked layers form to CIS with rough surface and uncompact structure, not the ideal thin film. Replacing by co-evaporating two elements to grow two kinds of binary stacked layrer precursors InSe/CuSe/Se and InSe/Cu/InSe/Se, finds that, after the RTA selenization process, both of the two precursors form CIS with good smoothness and compactness, and InSe/CuSe/Se precursor with much better structure than the other, having mean grain size in about 1~3£gm. In this result, appears that if skipping the stage which single element reacts with Se, generating the selenide InxSey, CuxSey (Such as InSe, In2Se3, CuSe, Cu2Se et cetera.), and using In-Se, Cu-Se binary stacked precursors in RTA process directly can acquire better CIS structure. And then, growing InSe/CuSe/Se stacked layer on Mo metal back contact, finds the phenomenon that the formed CIS thin film has many circle bulges structure on Mo thin film. After investigating this case, the reason was considered as the remaining compressive stress of Mo thin film (-272.9MPa). The interface problem of Mo/CIS has been solved by tuning the remaining stress of Mo with 1£gm thickness to compressive stress -194MPa, and 1£gm thickness CIS thin film is grown on that. However, if the remaining stress continuingly drecrese to almost no stress 1MPa or tensile stress 709.9MPa, CIS thin film peels with Mo thin film from the substrate. In the end, analyzing the CIS thin film formed by InSe/CuSe/Se stacked layer precursor (Cu/In ratio is 24%/26%), the result shows that the CIS film is a P-type In-rich thin film, the sheet resistence is 6.8*106£[/ ¡¼, carrier mobility is 1.103*102 cm2/V-s, carrier density is 1.318*1018 cm-3, and energy gap is about 1.0eV, the absorption coefficient is above 6.5*104cm-1, and the composition all over the film is very close to each other¡Aappearing this film with nice composition homogenization.

SILVA FILHO, José Caetano da. Bases moleculares do processamento pós-traducional na estrutura tridimensional de uma lectina de sementes de Dioclea grandiflora. 2017. 87 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biotecnologia de Recursos Naturais)-Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2017. / Submitted by Coordenação PPGBiotec (ppgbiotec@ufc.br) on 2017-11-23T12:23:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_jcsilvafilho.pdf: 17964867 bytes, checksum: d75846b7da62c6847d18ddc239c81a4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Anderson Silva Pereira (anderson.pereiraaa@gmail.com) on 2017-12-04T21:05:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_jcsilvafilho.pdf: 17964867 bytes, checksum: d75846b7da62c6847d18ddc239c81a4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-04T21:05:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_jcsilvafilho.pdf: 17964867 bytes, checksum: d75846b7da62c6847d18ddc239c81a4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Lectins, specially the ones from plants, are widely studied and characterized by present great biotechnological potential such as antidepressant, antitumoral and anti- and pro-inflammatory activities. These properties take into account the mature form of the lectin, which is synthesized as an inactive glycoprotein precursor that is post-translationally modified by deglycosylation, proteolytic breakdown and polypeptide chain inversion. Deglycosylation makes the precursor able to bind carbohydrates. The deglycosylated precursor from Dioclea grandiflora lectin (pDGL) do not solely binds to monosaccharides, presenting hemagglutinating activity, but also presents higher affinity to mannose in relation to its mature counterpart. Although the post-translational processing is well understood, the structural basis for this different affinity pattern is less clear. In this way, the present work aimed to elucidate the crystallographic structure of pDGL in complex to mannose to identify the structural characteristics that determine its greater affinity to this hexose. Recombinant pDGL was cocrystallized with mannose and crystals were submitted to X-ray diffraction and the resulting data were computationally analyzed. In silico studies were carried out to compare the interaction pattern of mannose and more complex carbohydrates between pDGL and their mature form. The crystallographic structure of pDGL presented as a tetramer, conserving all structural characteristics of its mature counterpart, including the presence of non-repetitive secondary structures that fold the Carbohydrate Recognition Domain (CRD). However, pDGL seems unable to form stable tetramers, once it lacks two important interdimeric contacts orchestrated by histidine residues His22 and His194. Mannose bound at all four polypeptide chains being stabilized by several interactions, including a CH—π ligation. In silico analyses showed that pDGL, in relation to its mature form, binds with higher affinity to mannose and the trimannoside 3,6-di-O-(ɑ-D-manopyranosyl)-ɑ-D-mannopiyranose due its CRD presents lower depthness. Together, these results show that post-translational processing (i) allows the formation of stable tetramers and (ii) produces subtle changes in the disposal of CRD residues that decreases the affinity of the mature protein for carbohydrate molecules. / Lectinas, em especial aquelas de origem vegetal, são amplamente estudadas e caracterizadas por apresentarem atividades antidepressivas, antitumorais e anti- e pró-inflamatórias. Todas essas atividades levam em consideração a forma madura da lectina, a qual, nas representantes da subtribo Diocleinae, é sintetizada como uma glicoproteína precursora inativa que sofre modificações pós-traducionais que incluem deglicosilação, clivagem proteolítica e inversão da cadeia polipeptídica. A deglicosilação torna o precursor capaz de se ligar a carboidratos. O precursor deglicosilado da lectina de Dioclea grandiflora (pDGL) não só se liga a monossacarídeos, apresentando atividade hemaglutinante, como tem maior afinidade por manose em relação à sua contra-parte madura. Apesar do processamento pós-traducional ser bem conhecido, as bases moleculares desse mecanismo na estrutura tridimensional de lectinas bem como sua influência sobre a afinidade a carboidratos ainda não estão muito claras. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as características estruturais de uma lectina não processada e os fatores que influenciam sua interação com carboidratos, comparando-os com sua contra-parte madura. Para isso, a pDGL recombinante foi cocristalizada com manose e os cristais obtidos foram difratados e seus dados resultantes tratados computacionalmente. Análises in silico foram realizadas para se comparar as características estruturais da pDGL e de sua forma madura, bem como seus modos de interação com a manose e o trimanosídeo 3,6-di-O-(ɑ-D-manopiranosil)-ɑ-D-manopiranose. A estrutura cristalográfica da pDGL apresentou-se como um tetrâmero, mantendo todas as características estruturais de sua contra-parte madura, incluindo a presença de estruturas secundárias não-repetitivas que moldam o domínio de reconhecimento a carboidrato (CRD). Entretanto, diferente desta, a pDGL parece não ser capaz de formar arranjos tetraméricos estáveis, já que faltam duas importantes interações interdiméricas envolvendo os resíduos His22 e His194. A manose se ligou nas quatro cadeias do modelo cristalográfico sendo estabilizada por diversas interações. As análises in silico mostraram que a pDGL, em relação à sua forma madura, se liga com maior afinidade à manose e ao trimanosídeo devido seu CRD possuir menor profundidade. Em conjunto, esses dados sugerem que o processamento póstraducional permite a formação de tetrâmeros estáveis e gera sutis mudanças na disposição dos resíduos do CRD que fazem a proteína madura ter menor afinidade a carboidratos.

Group 13 metals play a pivotal role in many areas of research ranging from materials to environmental chemistry. An important facet of these disciplines is the design of discrete molecules that can serve as functional materials for electronics applications and modeling studies. A solution-based synthetic strategy for the preparation of discrete Group 13 hydroxo-aquo tridecamers with utility as single-source precursors for amorphous functional thin film oxides is introduced in this dissertation. Several techniques including 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, 1H-Diffusion Ordered spectroscopy, Solid-state NMR, Dynamic Light Scattering, and Raman spectroscopy are used to acquire structural information necessary for understanding the nature of these precursors in both the solid and solution phases. The dynamic behavior of these compounds has encouraged additional experiments that will pave the way for new studies with significant importance as the environmental ramifications of these compounds become relevant for future technologies. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.

No description available.

We investigate the behavior of moving droplets and rivulets, driven by a combination of gravity and surface shear (wind). The problem is motivated by a desire to model the behavior of raindrops on aircraft wings. We begin with the Stokes equations and use the approximations of lubrication theory to derive the specific thin film equation relevant to our situation. This fourth-order partial differential equation describing the height of the fluid is then solved numerically from varying initial conditions, using a fully implicit discretization for time stepping, and a precursor film to avoid singularities at the drop contact line. Results describing general features of droplet deformation, limited parameter studies, and the applicability of our implementation to the long-term goal of modeling wings in rain are discussed.

This study was carried out to investigate the existence of a functioning multi-enzyme complex, providing DNA precursors, in a mammalian cell system. Both uninfected BHK-21/C13 cells and cells infected with HSV-1 were investigated. Sucrose gradient centrifugation of uninfected BHK cell lysates showed co-sedimentation of a number of DNA precursor pathway enzymes, indicative of a multi-enzyme complex, including DNA polymerase, thymidine kinase, NDP kinase, dihydrofolate reductase and ribonucleotide reductase. This complex association was seen to be cell-cycle dependent and sensitive to ionic conditions. The enzymes involved were not non-specifically bound to either RNA or DNA, but did have template DNA associated at times of DNA replication. Sedimentation analysis of virus-induced enzymes synthesised in HSV-1 infected cells showed the enzymes not to form such a complete complex, although thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase did sediment together. Again, this association was sensitive to ionic conditions. Optimally permeabilized cell systems were characterised and implemented to carry out kinetic analysis. No evidence for substrate channeling, in either uninfected or HSV-1 infected BHK-21/C13 cells, was obtained using such permeabilized cell systems.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Pathology, 1999. / Appendum pasted into front end-papers. Bibliography: leaves xiii-xliii.

No description available.

No description available.

oligodendrocytes migrate from the corpus callosum into the overlying cortex. The incidence of cilia did not change markedly across age groups, and did not vary consistently with the number of processes per cell, which was used as an indication of the maturation stage of OPCs and young OLs. The mean percent of Olig1 immunopositive (Olig1+) cells having cilia across ages was 33.1% + 16.5%, with all ages combined. In O4+ cells of these mice, 56.7 + 3.6% had primary cilia. If it is the case that adult OLs do not have cilia, the point in the lineage when primary cilia are lost is still unknown. Adult mice that had been injected with cyclopamine to block cilia-dependent Shh signaling were examined to determine whether the rate of generating new OPCs was influenced. In the CC of control mice, the numerical density of Olig1+/BrdU+ cells was 1.29 + 0.07/mm2 was reduced to 0.68 + 0.38/mm2 in the cyclopamine-injected group, and the numerical density of all BrdU+ cells (including both Olig1+ and Olig1- cells) of 4.55 + 1.50/mm2 in the control group was reduced to 3.14 + 1.27/mm2 in the cyclopamine-injected group. However, there were only 2 mice in each group and the differences were not statistically significant.