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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Influência da gestação na parasitemia por hemocultura em gestantes infectadas pelo Trypanosoma cruzi na fase crônica / Influence of pregnancy in parasitemia hemoculture in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected pregnant women in chronic phase

Siriano, Liliane da Rocha 03 December 2007 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-07T11:28:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Liliane da Rocha Siriano - 2007.pdf: 877827 bytes, checksum: 8765f8f6633957232e187ede114c38fa (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-07T12:13:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Liliane da Rocha Siriano - 2007.pdf: 877827 bytes, checksum: 8765f8f6633957232e187ede114c38fa (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-07T12:13:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Liliane da Rocha Siriano - 2007.pdf: 877827 bytes, checksum: 8765f8f6633957232e187ede114c38fa (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-03 / The sensitivity of the technique of hemoculture was studied in 152 women infected by Trypanosoma cruzi in the chronic phase of Chagas disease, 101 pregnant and 51 non pregnant (control group). Serologic tests were positive for two or three serologic tests of different principles in all women. According to gestational age, 25 patients were under 21 weeks of gestation, 55 between 21 and 30 weeks of gestation and 21 were over 30. The pregnant women had average age of 29.2 years (from 17 to 44 years) and the control group the mean age was 34.1 years (from 18 to 49 years). Higher positivity was observed in the group of pregnant, 60.4% (61/101) compared with the control group: 29.4% (15/51). Been made seven tubes for each hemoculture held for a total of 1.064 tubes that were examined monthly, until the 150th day, a total of 5.320 tests conducted microscopic. It examined the profile of parasitemia by the number of tubes positive, in the pregnant group, the parasitemia was low in 39,6% of the tubes, average at 22,8%, and high in 37,6%. In the control group, the parasitemia was low at 70.6 %, average at 15.7 % and 13.7 % high.For naturalness most (87) were from the state of Bahia, 50 women of Goiás and 15 of other states. These results show that the technique of hemoculture identified significant differences (p <0.001) in parasitemia in pregnant in relation to the control group. This increase due to pregnancy could well encourage an increased risk of congenital transmission. Also, it could be an indication of specific treatment after pregnancy. / A sensibilidade da técnica de hemocultura foi estudada em 152 mulheres infectadas pelo Trypanosoma cruzi na fase crônica da doença de Chagas, sendo 101 gestantes e 51 não gestantes (grupo controle). Os testes sorológicos foram positivos por dois ou três testes sorológicos de princípios diferentes em todas as mulheres. Segundo a idade gestacional, 25 pacientes estavam com menos de 21 semanas de gestação, 55 entre a 21ª e 30ª semanas de gestação e 21, estavam com mais de 30. As gestantes tinham idade média de 29,3 anos (de 17 a 44 anos) e no grupo controle a média de idade foi de 34,1 anos (de 18 a 49 anos). Maior positividade foi observada no grupo das gestantes, 60.4% (61/101) em relação com o grupo controle: 29.4% (15/51). Foram realizados sete tubos para cada hemocultura realizada perfazendo um total de 1.064 tubos que foram examinados mensalmente, até no 150o dia, num total de 5.320 exames microscópicos realizados. Foi analisado o perfil de parasitemia pelo número de tubos positivos: no grupo das grávidas, a parasitemia foi baixa em 39,6 % dos tubos, média em 22,8%, e alta em 37,6%. No grupo controle, a parasitemia foi baixa em 70,6%, média em 15,7% e em 13,7% alta. Em relação à naturalidade a maioria (87) era proveniente do estado da Bahia, 50 eram de Goiás e 15 de outros estados. Estes resultados demonstram que a técnica de hemocultura permitiu detectar diferenças significativas (p< 0,001) quanto a parasitemia, em gestantes em relação ao grupo controle. Este aumento devido à gestação poderia favorecer assim um maior risco de transmissão congênita. Outrossim, poderia ser uma indicação de tratamento específico após a gravidez.
2

An Exploration of the Influence of Race and Gender on Sexual Beliefs and Attitudes of Adolescents

Vandenberg, Kristine Marie 01 January 2007 (has links)
This study explores factors that influence the sexual attitudes and behaviors of adolescents specifically through an examination of social constructs that measure sexual beliefs and attitudes of adolescents and the relationships between race and gender and sexual beliefs and attitudes. As the U.S. has maintained one of the highest rates of unplanned teen pregnancy and births among industrialized nations, schools and community groups have struggled to combat teen pregnancy and worked toward designing effective prevention programs. Through an emphasis either on abstinence or safe sex practices, these programs strive to influence adolescents' sexual behavior. However, studies and reports reveal a paucity of research that examines adolescents' attitudes and beliefs of sexual behavior, especially for cultural- and gender- specific groups of adolescents. Drawing from social constructionist theory and multiracial and radical feminist theoretical frameworks, this study utilizes Virginia Abstinence Education Initiative (VAEI) data from surveys administered to adolescents measuring sexual attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. This study examines race and gender differences among the participants with regard to beliefs and attitudes about sexual behavior. The goal is to both better understand race and gender influences on adolescents' sexual beliefs and attitudes and to provide information to those who are in the position to develop more successful and effective teen pregnancy prevention programs. Consistent with existing literature, findings indicate gender-based differences regarding sexual beliefs and attitudes and minimal race-based differences in this analysis. An intersectional analysis further suggests that although female adolescents across race held similar beliefs and attitudes regarding sexuality, there were differences across race among male adolescents.
3

Uma psicóloga no país das dores: as vivências e conflitos da mãe e da equipe de saúde, durante a internação do bebê pré-termo extremo / A psychologist in the country of pain: the experiences and conflicts in the mother and the health team at the hospital the baby pre-term extreme

Gomes, Ana Lucia Henriques 22 April 2009 (has links)
A presente dissertação configura-se como uma interrogação à teoria psicanalítica acerca das ressonâncias do traumatismo na função psíquica da memória. Ambos são conceitos que remetem aos fundamentos da psicanálise, apontando para a constituição do psiquismo, bem como para seus limites. A dissertação procura ampliar o estudo da temática para além da obra de Freud e alcançar as contribuições de Sandor Ferenczi e seus desdobramentos na obra de Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok. Em Freud, as relações de trauma e memória, principalmente a partir da conceituação de um além do princípio do prazer, apontam para o funcionamento, ou melhor, às falhas de funcionamento nos limites do psíquico - entre corpo e psique, entre percepção e representação - responsáveis pela instauração da memória e a diferenciação psíquica. O traumático foi associado à dinâmica da pulsão de morte e a da angústia automática, que faz continuamente uma demanda de trabalho psíquico, de ligação, anterior à instauração do princípio de prazer. Quando não há possibilidade de ligação e transcrição do acontecimento, seus efeitos apresentam-se de forma negativa como danos narcísicos. Ferenczi considera o papel do objeto como determinante em relação ao destino traumático de um acontecimento. Caso o objeto não possa adaptar-se às necessidades do sujeito e fornecer ou legitimar um sentido ao vivido, interrompe-se o processo de introjeção e inscrição psíquica. Frente ao desamparo psíquico decorrente da ausência de investimento do objeto, o psiquismo se defende por meio da clivagem das impressões traumáticas ou imerge em comoção, da qual não resta memória. Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok acrescentam que um acontecimento que permaneceu clivado no psiquismo de uma geração - impossibilitado de circulação e figurabilidade - é transmitido enquanto lacuna de memória para a próxima geração. A imagem do trauma como avesso da memória é paradoxal, pois remete tanto às impressões que aguardam uma revelação por meio de uma ligação com uma imagem, no modelo dos sonhos traumáticos, como à pura negatividade relativa à falta de representação, da qual um sentido pode advir mediante somente uma construção que produza um sentimento de convicção. Tal imagem paradoxal pretende oferecer uma reserva psíquica/teórica ao analista enquanto uma figurabilidade possível das ressonâncias do traumático na memória. / This research was developed in the Nursery Annex to the Maternity of the Central Institute of Hospital das Clínicas of São Paulo. In this service, the situation of prematurity is highlighted, and experienced much more frequently since it is connected to an Obstetric Clinic that serves pregnant women at high risk. In this study, when they approached the situation of prematurity, I am referring to the newborn pre-term extreme, that is those born with gestational age below 30 weeks, whereas the term pregnancy lasts 40 weeks. The pre-term babies the attention of their immaturity and the way they are exposed and being manipulated by various professionals, with few significant contacts that could help them develop. What parents can come closer and touch your child will need assistance to help you understand the situation and find ways to contact us. Faced with the distress that this situation arouses, it is important to understand the possibilities of intervention of the health team. What is happening is that, especially in the first contact, the parents need to make the team any intermediation, as are a number of devices connected to your child and are faced with something completely strange and distant from everything that could have imagined. This study aimed to understand, from the speech of mothers, which the experiences and conflicts they face and how the interventions of the health team are promoting or otherwise, regarding the approach and contact the mother for her son, in different times of hospitalization. This research has a qualitative character, work with individual interviews and consultations conducted with the mother. The intention was to contact the original issues, the positioning of the mother before the intervention team and the whole situation of prematurity, during hospitalization of the infant.
4

Problematika Malárie v Zambii / Malaria as a major Public Health problem in Zambia

MUBIANA, Nawa January 2013 (has links)
Malaria is known to be endemic throughout Zambia and continues to be a major public health problem. Eighty three percent (83 %) of Zambian population is reported to be living in malaria high risk areas and the remaining 17 percent is reported living in malaria low risk areas. Zambia has a 16 percent malaria national prevalence. Malaria peak transmission periods are usually during the rainy season ? from November to April and the main transmitting vectors are anopheles species; funestus, gambiae and arabiensis. Plasmodium falciparum is the main transmitting parasite accounting for about 98 percent of all malaria infections in the country. Other species of plasmodium that can be found in Zambia are ovale and malariae. The main intervention measures used in the prevention and control of malaria in Zambia are; Indoor Residual spray (IRS), mass distribution of insecticide treated mosquito nets (ITNs) and Intermittent Prevention Treatment (IPT). The main aim of this thesis is to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the the current intervention measures used to prevent and control malaria in Zambia. I approached this issue from time the ?roll back malaria ? project was intiated in 1998 up to 2011. With help of the changes introduced to the health sector under the sector wide approach reforms in 1995, the public health approach in the fight against malaria was even much widened. The second aim of my thesis is to offer acceptable alternative interventions that can used in the prevention and control of malaria. In this qualitative type of research, I chose to use secondary analyzation of data as my research method. I obtained much of the information from studying health literature, journals, laws and other online publications, which I found to be relevant to the topic at hand. I also consulted with the Zambian ministry of health through provincial health offices as well as via district health offices. A series of three open research questions was used as a guide to obtaining the much needed data. However, the results revealed that the current intervention measures used in the prevention and control of malaria are efficient and effective. In 2009, Zambia recorded a 66 percent reduction in deaths due to malaria. This success recorded clearly surpasses the target set by the ?roll back malaria? 2006 which was aimed at reducing mortality due to malaria by 50 percent by year 2010. However, parasitemia results still show great variation in prevalence between urban areas and rural. This inequality is also evident in the access to health care as well. There is much need to scale up on intervention measures if a Zambia without malaria is to be achieved. This work can as used as a public health tool in the prevention of malaria in Zambia and also as a road map to future research concerning malaria and public health.
5

Uma psicóloga no país das dores: as vivências e conflitos da mãe e da equipe de saúde, durante a internação do bebê pré-termo extremo / A psychologist in the country of pain: the experiences and conflicts in the mother and the health team at the hospital the baby pre-term extreme

Ana Lucia Henriques Gomes 22 April 2009 (has links)
A presente dissertação configura-se como uma interrogação à teoria psicanalítica acerca das ressonâncias do traumatismo na função psíquica da memória. Ambos são conceitos que remetem aos fundamentos da psicanálise, apontando para a constituição do psiquismo, bem como para seus limites. A dissertação procura ampliar o estudo da temática para além da obra de Freud e alcançar as contribuições de Sandor Ferenczi e seus desdobramentos na obra de Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok. Em Freud, as relações de trauma e memória, principalmente a partir da conceituação de um além do princípio do prazer, apontam para o funcionamento, ou melhor, às falhas de funcionamento nos limites do psíquico - entre corpo e psique, entre percepção e representação - responsáveis pela instauração da memória e a diferenciação psíquica. O traumático foi associado à dinâmica da pulsão de morte e a da angústia automática, que faz continuamente uma demanda de trabalho psíquico, de ligação, anterior à instauração do princípio de prazer. Quando não há possibilidade de ligação e transcrição do acontecimento, seus efeitos apresentam-se de forma negativa como danos narcísicos. Ferenczi considera o papel do objeto como determinante em relação ao destino traumático de um acontecimento. Caso o objeto não possa adaptar-se às necessidades do sujeito e fornecer ou legitimar um sentido ao vivido, interrompe-se o processo de introjeção e inscrição psíquica. Frente ao desamparo psíquico decorrente da ausência de investimento do objeto, o psiquismo se defende por meio da clivagem das impressões traumáticas ou imerge em comoção, da qual não resta memória. Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok acrescentam que um acontecimento que permaneceu clivado no psiquismo de uma geração - impossibilitado de circulação e figurabilidade - é transmitido enquanto lacuna de memória para a próxima geração. A imagem do trauma como avesso da memória é paradoxal, pois remete tanto às impressões que aguardam uma revelação por meio de uma ligação com uma imagem, no modelo dos sonhos traumáticos, como à pura negatividade relativa à falta de representação, da qual um sentido pode advir mediante somente uma construção que produza um sentimento de convicção. Tal imagem paradoxal pretende oferecer uma reserva psíquica/teórica ao analista enquanto uma figurabilidade possível das ressonâncias do traumático na memória. / This research was developed in the Nursery Annex to the Maternity of the Central Institute of Hospital das Clínicas of São Paulo. In this service, the situation of prematurity is highlighted, and experienced much more frequently since it is connected to an Obstetric Clinic that serves pregnant women at high risk. In this study, when they approached the situation of prematurity, I am referring to the newborn pre-term extreme, that is those born with gestational age below 30 weeks, whereas the term pregnancy lasts 40 weeks. The pre-term babies the attention of their immaturity and the way they are exposed and being manipulated by various professionals, with few significant contacts that could help them develop. What parents can come closer and touch your child will need assistance to help you understand the situation and find ways to contact us. Faced with the distress that this situation arouses, it is important to understand the possibilities of intervention of the health team. What is happening is that, especially in the first contact, the parents need to make the team any intermediation, as are a number of devices connected to your child and are faced with something completely strange and distant from everything that could have imagined. This study aimed to understand, from the speech of mothers, which the experiences and conflicts they face and how the interventions of the health team are promoting or otherwise, regarding the approach and contact the mother for her son, in different times of hospitalization. This research has a qualitative character, work with individual interviews and consultations conducted with the mother. The intention was to contact the original issues, the positioning of the mother before the intervention team and the whole situation of prematurity, during hospitalization of the infant.

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