Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

by Ivor Wong (Nga Chung). / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-120). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter PART I --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1. --- CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1 --- Objectives --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Effects of chest physiotherapy --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Aims of chest physiotherapy --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Mucus Removal --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Re-expansion of atelectatic lung --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Chest physiotherapy for neonates --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Pulmonary characteristics in neonates --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Chest physiotherapy for infants on mcchanical ventilation --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Conventional ventilation --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- High frequency ventilation --- p.13 / Chapter 2. --- CHAPTER 2 NEONATAL CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1 --- Traditional physiotherapy means --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Percussion and Chest vibration --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Cup percussion (Cupping) --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Postural drainage (PD) --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Endotracheal Suctioning --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.4.1 --- Adverse effects of endotracheal suctioning --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2 --- Possible Complications of chest physiotherapy --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Haemodynamic disturbances --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Fluctuation of Cerebral Perfusion --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Cystic brain lesions --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3 --- Modified manual techniques --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Theoretical model of lung squeezing technique --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Lung squeezing technique as a volume recruitment manoeuvre --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Squeezing phase of lung squeezing technique --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- Release phase of lung squeezing technique --- p.31 / Chapter 3. --- CHAPTER 3 PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTICE IN LOCAL NEONATAL ICU --- p.33 / Chapter 3.1 --- Current physiotherapy practice in Hong Kong Neonatal ICU settings --- p.33 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Endotracheal suctioning protocol in Prince of Wales Hospital --- p.33 / Chapter 3.1.1.1 --- Suctioning Procedures --- p.34 / PART II MAIN STUDY / Chapter 4. --- CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH DESIGN --- p.37 / Chapter 4.1 --- Ethics --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2 --- Methods --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Pilot study --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Main study --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Hypothesis --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Study Design --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3 --- Methodology --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Treatment protocol --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Experimental Group protocol --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- Control Group protocol --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Outcome Measure --- p.45 / Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Chest X-ray --- p.45 / Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Other Measurements --- p.45 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Statistics --- p.48 / Chapter 5. --- CHAPTER 5 RESULTS --- p.50 / Chapter 5.2 --- Demographic Data --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3 --- Resolution of lung atelectasis --- p.56 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Distribution of lung atelectasis --- p.56 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- First re-expansion of lung atelectasis --- p.59 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Complete resolution of lung atelectasis --- p.62 / Chapter 5.3.3.1 --- Sites of rccurrencc of lung atelectasis --- p.65 / Chapter 5.4 --- Factors correlated with number of treatment sessions required to attain resolution of atelectasis --- p.68 / Chapter 5.5 --- Ventilator parameters changes --- p.73 / Chapter 5.6 --- Haemodynamic changes --- p.75 / Chapter 5.7 --- Arterial blood gas --- p.78 / Chapter 5.8 --- Other clinical outcome --- p.80 / Chapter 5.8.1 --- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia --- p.80 / Chapter 5.8.2 --- Intra-ventricular haemorrhage (IVH) --- p.82 / Chapter 5.8.3 --- Mortality rate --- p.86 / Chapter PART III --- EFFECTS OF LUNG SQUEEZING TECHNIQUE ON LUNG MECHANICS / Chapter 6. --- CHAPTER 6 LUNG MECHANICS STUDY FOR NEONATES --- p.88 / Chapter 6.1 --- Methods --- p.91 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.93 / Chapter 6.2 --- Results --- p.94 / Chapter PART IV --- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION / Chapter 7. --- CHAPTER 7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION --- p.105 / Chapter PART V --- REFERENCE / Chapter 8. --- BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.114 / Chapter PART VI --- GLOSSARY / Chapter PART VII --- APPENDICES

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Orientador: Lígia Maria Suppo Souza Rugolo / Resumo: Introdução: Estresse oxidativo está envolvido na fisiopatologia da pré-eclampsia e de várias complicações neonatais, porém, a relação entre pré-eclampsia, estresse oxidativo e doenças neonatais não está bem estabelecida. Objetivo: Avaliar em prematuros os níveis de marcadores de estresse oxidativo e de anti-oxidantes, ao nascimento e nos primeiros dias de vida, e sua relação com a pré-eclampsia e com o prognóstico neonatal. Método: Estudo prospectivo observacional com 60 prematuros menores que 34 semanas de gestação, nascidos na Maternidade do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-Unesp sem malformações/infecções congênitas. Foram constituídos dois grupos: 30 prematuros de mães com pré-eclampsia e 30 de mães normotensas, pareados pela idade gestacional. Foram determinadas por espectrofotometria as concentrações de: malondialdeído (TBARS), glutationa, glutationa peroxidase e glutationa redutase, em amostras de placenta, do sangue de veia umbilical, da urina do 1.o e 4.o dia de vida e sangue no 4.o dia de vida. Os prematuros foram avaliados quanto à presença de: síndrome do desconforto respiratório, displasia broncopulmonar, persistência do canal arterial, hemorragia periintraventricular, enterocolite necrosante e óbito durante a internação. As associações entre grupos foram testadas pelo teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado ou teste Exato de Fisher e por modelos lineares com distribuição gama. Resultados: A idade gestacional média foi de 30 sem... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and many diseases of the neonatal period. However, the relationship between preeclampsia, oxidative stress and neonatal disease is not well established. Objective: To evaluate the levels of oxidative stress markers and anti-oxidants, at birth and in the first days o life, in preterm neonates born to preeclamptic and normotensive women and to investigate their relationship with preeclampsia and neonatal outcome. Method: a prospective observational study with 60 preterm infants less than 34 weeks gestation, born at the Maternity of Botucatu School of Medicine-Unesp, without congenital malformation/infection. Two groups were studied: 30 preterm of mothers with pre-eclampsia and 30 of normotensive mothers, matched by gestational age. Samples from the placental tissue, venous cord blood and the newborns’ blood at day 4 and urine at days 1 and 4 were assayed for Malondialdehyde (TBARS), glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase concentrations, by spectrophotometry. Premature infants were evaluated for the presence of: respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, peri - intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and death during hospitalization. The associations between groups were tested by Student's t test or Mann-Whitney, chi-square or Fisher's exact test and generalized linear models were fitted to compare biomarkers levels a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Submitted by Adriana Saito Jasper (adrianasaitojasper@gmail.com) on 2018-09-10T18:26:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 submissao.pdf: 841187 bytes, checksum: f79c94dd8226006d0d754ab6d20d307d (MD5) / Rejected by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: problema 1: Capa No arquivo submetido faltou a capa, item obrigatório de acordo com as normas do seu programa de pós. A capa de ver estar na cor verde e deve conter no alto o nome da Instituição e Faculdade. problema 2: Númeração das folhas As folhas prés-textuais são contados mas não numeradas. A inclusão da numeração é a partir da Introdução. Assim que tiver efetuado a correção submeta o arquivo, em PDF, novamente. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-09-10T19:48:21Z (GMT) / Submitted by Adriana Saito Jasper (adrianasaitojasper@gmail.com) on 2018-09-13T01:32:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Adriana Saito Jasper.pdf: 1298696 bytes, checksum: e2b516ecdfae4453173cd9c0f11a7a54 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-09-13T13:54:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jasper_as_dr_bot.pdf: 1298696 bytes, checksum: e2b516ecdfae4453173cd9c0f11a7a54 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T13:54:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jasper_as_dr_bot.pdf: 1298696 bytes, checksum: e2b516ecdfae4453173cd9c0f11a7a54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-16 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Introdução: Estresse oxidativo está envolvido na fisiopatologia da pré-eclampsia e de várias complicações neonatais, porém, a relação entre pré-eclampsia, estresse oxidativo e doenças neonatais não está bem estabelecida. Objetivo: Avaliar em prematuros os níveis de marcadores de estresse oxidativo e de anti-oxidantes, ao nascimento e nos primeiros dias de vida, e sua relação com a pré-eclampsia e com o prognóstico neonatal. Método: Estudo prospectivo observacional com 60 prematuros menores que 34 semanas de gestação, nascidos na Maternidade do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-Unesp sem malformações/infecções congênitas. Foram constituídos dois grupos: 30 prematuros de mães com pré-eclampsia e 30 de mães normotensas, pareados pela idade gestacional. Foram determinadas por espectrofotometria as concentrações de: malondialdeído (TBARS), glutationa, glutationa peroxidase e glutationa redutase, em amostras de placenta, do sangue de veia umbilical, da urina do 1.o e 4.o dia de vida e sangue no 4.o dia de vida. Os prematuros foram avaliados quanto à presença de: síndrome do desconforto respiratório, displasia broncopulmonar, persistência do canal arterial, hemorragia periintraventricular, enterocolite necrosante e óbito durante a internação. As associações entre grupos foram testadas pelo teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado ou teste Exato de Fisher e por modelos lineares com distribuição gama. Resultados: A idade gestacional média foi de 30 semanas e não houve diferença nas condições de nascimento, morbidade e mortalidade em função da presença de pré-eclampsia. Tiveram alta sem seqüelas 80% dos prematuros no grupo pré-eclampsia e 73% no controle (p=0,642). Estresse oxidativo foi evidenciado em prematuros de mães com pré-eclampsia pelo aumento dos níveis de TBARS na urina e da glutationa peroxidase no sangue do 4o dia de vida. O aumento dos TBARS no 1.o dia de vida associou-se com a ocorrência de todas as doenças investigadas e menores valores das glutationas em urina associaram-se com enterocolite necrosante, displasia broncopulmonar e óbito. Valores aumentados de TBARS na urina do 1.o dia de vida e da glutationa em sangue de cordão umbilical associaram-se com mau prognóstico neonatal. Conclusão: O estresse oxidativo está aumentado em prematuros de mães com pré-eclampsia e está associado com a morbidade neonatal no curto prazo. O desequilíbrio da condição oxidante/antioxidante, com aumento da peroxidação lipídica e diminuição das 9 glutationas nos primeiros dias de vida está associado ao mau prognóstico neonatal de prematuros. / Introduction: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and many diseases of the neonatal period. However, the relationship between preeclampsia, oxidative stress and neonatal disease is not well established. Objective: To evaluate the levels of oxidative stress markers and anti-oxidants, at birth and in the first days o life, in preterm neonates born to preeclamptic and normotensive women and to investigate their relationship with preeclampsia and neonatal outcome. Method: a prospective observational study with 60 preterm infants less than 34 weeks gestation, born at the Maternity of Botucatu School of Medicine-Unesp, without congenital malformation/infection. Two groups were studied: 30 preterm of mothers with pre-eclampsia and 30 of normotensive mothers, matched by gestational age. Samples from the placental tissue, venous cord blood and the newborns’ blood at day 4 and urine at days 1 and 4 were assayed for Malondialdehyde (TBARS), glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase concentrations, by spectrophotometry. Premature infants were evaluated for the presence of: respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, peri - intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and death during hospitalization. The associations between groups were tested by Student's t test or Mann-Whitney, chi-square or Fisher's exact test and generalized linear models were fitted to compare biomarkers levels and neonatal outcome. Results: The mean gestational age was 30 weeks and there was no difference in the conditions of birth, morbidity and mortality between the groups. In pré-eclampsia group 80% of the infants were discharged without sequelae and 73% in the control (p = 0.642). Oxidative stress was evident in premature infants of mothers with pre-eclampsia by increased TBARS levels in urine and glutathione peroxidase in the blood of the 4th day of life. Higher levels of TBARS on the first day of life was associated with the occurrence of all investigated neonatal diseases, whereas lower levels of glutathione in urine was associated with necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and death. Increased levels of TBARS in the urine of the first day of life and glutathione in umbilical cord blood were associated with poor neonatal outcome. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is increased in preterm infants of mothers with pre-eclampsia and is associated with early neonatal morbidity. The imbalance of oxidant /antioxidant condition, with increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione system activity, in the first days of life is associated with poor outcome of preterm infants / FAPESP: 2008/01180-4

The incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies born in the Uitenhage Provincial Hospital would seem to be a cause of concern from a public health of view. The incidence of 21% recorded during 1999 is markedly higher than the 7% recorded in the United States of America in 1998 and the average of 17% noted for developing countries. Some health concerns related to LBW babies are Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, scholastic performances later in life, and several chronic diseases in adults associated with them having been born as LBW babies.

The incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies born in the Uitenhage Provincial Hospital would seem to be a cause of concern from a public health of view. The incidence of 21% recorded during 1999 is markedly higher than the 7% recorded in the United States of America in 1998 and the average of 17% noted for developing countries. Some health concerns related to LBW babies are Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, scholastic performances later in life, and several chronic diseases in adults associated with them having been born as LBW babies.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.