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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Rastreamento do olhar na avaliação de presença em atividades mediadas por vídeo. / Gaze tracking for presence evaluation in video mediated activities.

Obana, Fernando Yoiti 01 September 2015 (has links)
A percepção de presença (PP), evolução do conceito de telepresença, pode ser definida como ilusão perceptiva de não mediação e/ou a percepção ilusória da realidade. O método mais utilizado para a avaliação da PP faz uso de questionários aplicados aos sujeitos, após sua participação numa experiência. Além de não fornecer informações em tempo real esse método sofre muitas interferências advindas tanto dos sujeitos submetidos ao experimento como dos avaliadores dos questionários. Os métodos que poderiam ser mais efetivos para a avaliação da PP, em tempo real, fazem uso de sinais fisiológicos que variam independentemente da vontade dos sujeitos, como batimento cardíaco, eletrocardiograma, eletroencefalograma, resistividade e umidade da pele. Os sinais fisiológicos, no entanto, só variam de forma significativa em situações de estresse, inviabilizando sua utilização em atividades normais, sem estresse. Outra forma de avaliar a PP é utilizar sistemas de rastreamento do olhar. Estudados e desenvolvidos desde o século 19, os sistemas de rastreamento do olhar fornecem um mapeamento do movimento dos olhos. Além de indicar para onde os sujeitos estão olhando, podem também monitorar a dilatação da pupila e as piscadas. Atualmente existem sistemas de rastreamento do olhar comerciais de baixo custo, que apesar de terem menos precisão e frequência que os equipamentos de alto custo são mais práticos e possuem software de plataforma aberta. No futuro serão tão comuns e simples de usar como são hoje as câmeras em dispositivos móveis e computadores, o que viabilizará a aplicação das técnicas e métodos aqui propostos em larga escala, principalmente para monitorar a atenção e envolvimento de atividades mediadas por vídeo. É apresentada uma ferramenta que faz uso do rastreamento do olhar para avaliar a percepção de presença em atividades mediadas por vídeo (com estímulos sonoros). Dois experimentos foram realizados para validar as hipóteses da pesquisa e a ferramenta. Um terceiro experimento foi executado para verificar a capacidade da ferramenta em avaliar a percepção de presença em atividades não estressantes mediadas por vídeo. / The presence perception (PP), evolution of the concept of telepresence, could be defined as the perceptual illusion of nonmediation and/or the ilusional perception of reality. The most utilized method for PP evaluation make uses questionnaires applied for the subjects, after your participation in an experience. Besides it does not provide real-time information this method suffers with many interferences in the results that come from the subjects undergoing and form the reviewers of the of the questionnaires. The methods could be more effective for PP evaluation, in real time, make uses of physiologic signals that vary independently of the request of the subjects, e.g. heart rate, electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, skin resistivity and skin humidity. However, meaningful physiologic signals occurs only in stress situations, unfeasible Its use in normal environments, whit no stress. Another way to evaluate the PP is using eye gaze tracking systems. Studied and developed since the 19th century, eye gaze tracking systems provide an eye movements mapping. Moreover it indicate where the subjects are viewing, these systems can follow up pupil dilatation and blinks. Currently there are commercial gaze tracking systems inexpensive, despite having less precision and frequency that expensive-equipments are more practical and open software platform is available. In the future these technologies will be common and simple to use as today are cameras on mobile devices and computers, which will enable the implementation of the techniques and methods here proposed on a large scale, mainly to monitor the attention and involvement during activities mediated by video. A tool that makes use of gaze tracking to evaluate presence perception in activities video mediated (with sound stimuli) is displayed. Two experiments were conducted to validate the hypotheses of the research and the tool. A third experiment was performed to verify the tool\'s ability to assess presence perception in non-stressful activities video mediated.
2

Rastreamento do olhar na avaliação de presença em atividades mediadas por vídeo. / Gaze tracking for presence evaluation in video mediated activities.

Fernando Yoiti Obana 01 September 2015 (has links)
A percepção de presença (PP), evolução do conceito de telepresença, pode ser definida como ilusão perceptiva de não mediação e/ou a percepção ilusória da realidade. O método mais utilizado para a avaliação da PP faz uso de questionários aplicados aos sujeitos, após sua participação numa experiência. Além de não fornecer informações em tempo real esse método sofre muitas interferências advindas tanto dos sujeitos submetidos ao experimento como dos avaliadores dos questionários. Os métodos que poderiam ser mais efetivos para a avaliação da PP, em tempo real, fazem uso de sinais fisiológicos que variam independentemente da vontade dos sujeitos, como batimento cardíaco, eletrocardiograma, eletroencefalograma, resistividade e umidade da pele. Os sinais fisiológicos, no entanto, só variam de forma significativa em situações de estresse, inviabilizando sua utilização em atividades normais, sem estresse. Outra forma de avaliar a PP é utilizar sistemas de rastreamento do olhar. Estudados e desenvolvidos desde o século 19, os sistemas de rastreamento do olhar fornecem um mapeamento do movimento dos olhos. Além de indicar para onde os sujeitos estão olhando, podem também monitorar a dilatação da pupila e as piscadas. Atualmente existem sistemas de rastreamento do olhar comerciais de baixo custo, que apesar de terem menos precisão e frequência que os equipamentos de alto custo são mais práticos e possuem software de plataforma aberta. No futuro serão tão comuns e simples de usar como são hoje as câmeras em dispositivos móveis e computadores, o que viabilizará a aplicação das técnicas e métodos aqui propostos em larga escala, principalmente para monitorar a atenção e envolvimento de atividades mediadas por vídeo. É apresentada uma ferramenta que faz uso do rastreamento do olhar para avaliar a percepção de presença em atividades mediadas por vídeo (com estímulos sonoros). Dois experimentos foram realizados para validar as hipóteses da pesquisa e a ferramenta. Um terceiro experimento foi executado para verificar a capacidade da ferramenta em avaliar a percepção de presença em atividades não estressantes mediadas por vídeo. / The presence perception (PP), evolution of the concept of telepresence, could be defined as the perceptual illusion of nonmediation and/or the ilusional perception of reality. The most utilized method for PP evaluation make uses questionnaires applied for the subjects, after your participation in an experience. Besides it does not provide real-time information this method suffers with many interferences in the results that come from the subjects undergoing and form the reviewers of the of the questionnaires. The methods could be more effective for PP evaluation, in real time, make uses of physiologic signals that vary independently of the request of the subjects, e.g. heart rate, electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, skin resistivity and skin humidity. However, meaningful physiologic signals occurs only in stress situations, unfeasible Its use in normal environments, whit no stress. Another way to evaluate the PP is using eye gaze tracking systems. Studied and developed since the 19th century, eye gaze tracking systems provide an eye movements mapping. Moreover it indicate where the subjects are viewing, these systems can follow up pupil dilatation and blinks. Currently there are commercial gaze tracking systems inexpensive, despite having less precision and frequency that expensive-equipments are more practical and open software platform is available. In the future these technologies will be common and simple to use as today are cameras on mobile devices and computers, which will enable the implementation of the techniques and methods here proposed on a large scale, mainly to monitor the attention and involvement during activities mediated by video. A tool that makes use of gaze tracking to evaluate presence perception in activities video mediated (with sound stimuli) is displayed. Two experiments were conducted to validate the hypotheses of the research and the tool. A third experiment was performed to verify the tool\'s ability to assess presence perception in non-stressful activities video mediated.
3

Why monitoring doesn't always matter : the situational role of parental monitoring in adolescent crime

Hardie, Beth Nicole January 2017 (has links)
Parental monitoring of settings is not always relevant for the prevention of adolescent crime because adolescents with strong personal moral rules and the ability to exercise self control are unlikely to offend even when they are unsupervised and know that their parents have little knowledge about their activities. Parental monitoring, commonly operationalised as parental supervision or parental knowledge, is often shown to have a negative relationship with crime involvement. However, research often ignores both the mechanism by which these relationships occur and the conditions under which they might (and might not) be found. This thesis uses specialist Space-Time Budget data (from the Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study) to allow the comparison of adolescent crime rates in settings characterised by the of convergence of i) the physical presence or absence of parents and other guardians, ii) the psychological presence or absence of parents (represented by adolescent-perceived generalised parental knowledge of the circumstances of unsupervised activity) and iii) personal crime propensity (moral rules and ability to exercise self control). The conclusion derived from the results is that the physical presence of parents and other guardians in settings reduces the rate of adolescent crime committed in those settings; and the psychological presence of parents reduces the criminogenic impact of unsupervised time. Crucially however, these effects of parental monitoring are almost irrelevant for adolescents with a lower personal crime propensity, who are not likely to offend in settings irrespective of the physical or psychological absence of parents and other guardians. These findings provide support for person-environment interactions inherent in the causal model of Situational Action Theory, and provide a novel addition to evidence that could be used in future to inform policy-relevant recommendations concerning parenting behaviour and adolescent offending. Although this thesis provides new evidence about the relationship between parental monitoring and crime, the bulk of its contribution is relevant to a much wider audience. It contributes to the debate on approaches to the study of crime and crime prevention, adds clarity to key concepts and develops theoretical arguments in the field of parental monitoring and crime, develops a novel application of Situational Action Theory, extends theoretical and methodological discussions surrounding situational analysis, applies novel data and analytical methods to the study of the psychological and physical presence of guardians, generates and situates unique findings about the situational role of aspects of parental monitoring and crime, and makes some policy recommendations and suggestions about the nature and direction of future research.

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