The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services This master thesis deals with the price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products in the Czech Republic and with selected problematic aspects of this field. The thesis describes and analyzes the issue in broader, especially economic, contexts and aims to give the reader a comprehensive view of the subject. The work itself is divided into nine chapters. The introductory chapter outlines the issue of prices of medicinal products in general and outlines healthcare reforms that have attempted to focus more or less successfully on problematic aspects of the field. The following chapter is devoted to explaining the terms that are key or somehow unclear to health or pharmaceutical law. The third chapter deals with an economic approach to regulation and aims to explain to readers why regulation by state authorities in modern society is in some cases important and in some cases even necessary. There are also described and explained the tools of regulation and at the conclusion of the chapter the economic approach is directly reflected in the situation of the market of medicinal products in the territory of the Czech Republic. The following chapter characterizes the actual entry of a particular...

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Zugl.: München, Universiẗat der Bundeswehr, Diss., 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-308).

The aim of this thesis is to determine the effectiveness of price regulation of drugs from a social point of view in the Czech Republic. The first part focuses on the theoretical basis for subsequent processing practical part. Theoretical solutions include a description of the objectives and instruments of health and drug policies, and a more detailed description of price regulation in the Czech Republic as a tool of drug policy. The practical part is composed of two parts. The first of them covers three models that show how you can set a maximum price of producer. This first part is the starting point for the second part. Second part deals with the analysis of administrative proceedings in which it exercised its right to express their views to the documents MAH medicine. The analysis shows that price controls are not efficient in these cases, and it burdens the society's interests. The thesis also recommendations for increasing efficiency.

What effect does controlled price have upon the profits of business or of industrial concerns, upon the wages paid to workers, upon the public demand for articles whose price is controlled, upon the volume of production, and upon the public attitude toward those businesses whose products are protected by controlled prices? What are the attitudes of organized labor toward the principle of administered or controlled prices? What are the reasons advanced by both management and labor for and against controlled prices? What is the over-all or long-term influence of controlled prices upon the total economic progress of the nation? These are some of the questions which will be considered in this study.

Much research on brand equity in business markets has focused on predicting brand loyalty, regarding the brand image elements that make consumers buy a preferred brand. Inasmuch, price premium is a distinct and economically important outcome of a favourable brand image, and has been addressed in recent research. Furthermore, this research is primarily concerned about the determinants of B2B brand image elements and the relationship to price premium in the agricultural sector of South Africa. The agricultural sector in South African contributes 1.9% to gross domestic product and supplies more than 10% of the total employment in South Africa. This research paper sought to determine whether there are specific elements that act as motivators for consumers in their decision-making process when they purchase costly brands in the agricultural sector. In an attempt to answer this question, this research paper confirmed the corporate brand image determinants of price premium that are conceptualised into six dimensions, namely: brand familiarity-, product solution-, service-, distribution-, relationship- and company associations. Findings from this small-scale explorative and qualitative investigation, based on interviews with final decision makers (consumers) in the agricultural sector of South Africa were used to illustrate on how this model relates to consumers’ willingness to pay a price premium for physical capital. This research paper also proposed a model that brand owners can utilise to position their brand in the South African agricultural sector to ensure that they obtain traction in a strong brand dominated market. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / zkgibs2015 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / Unrestricted

Thesis (M.Com. (Development Theory and Policy))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, School of Economic and Business Sciences, 2016. / Aims and objectives: The objective of this study is to unpack the processes that the South African government has embarked upon with a view to averting a deepening crisis in the ailing steel sector. This study specifically investigates the parts of the package that have been launched to date, namely the tariff support requested by the steel industry and designation of the steel industry for government procurement. [No actual abstract provided] / MT2017

This investigation analyzes the government's current attempt at wage and price controls; and covers only Phases I, II, and III--with primary emphasis on Phase II. The sources of data used are current periodicals. The study is composed of five major chapters. Chapter I presents a brief summary of prior attempts at wage and price controls, both in this country and abroad, plus-a thumbnail sketch of economic conditions in this country preceding Phase I. The next three chapters deal with the three phases themselves. In each case, the guidelines are presented along with the mechanism of execution, enforcement, and actual cases of operation. As the overall program is still in operation, final conclusions are not appropriate at this time.

Student Number : 7909638 - MCom dissertation - School of Economics and Business Sciences - Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management / Healthcare, it can be argued, is a commodity that has a social constitution. The reason may be because healthcare is seen to have its foundation in socio-economic principles but has evolved through scientific study and business application into a profitable business. The delivery of healthcare in South Africa and in many parts of the world has come under immense scrutiny from policy-makers, high-volume purchasers, patient-consumers and the healthcare community. Arguments criticizing the high cost of healthcare delivery range from levelling the blame on one component (pharmaceuticals, medical fees, inadequate medical scheme cover to name a few examples) to a condemnation of the entire healthcare delivery system. The healthcare cost deliberation has also shifted to the centre stage in many public-policy debates and certainly caught the imagination of the public and journalists alike. It is an emotional debate. A review of related literature of the past fifty years (such as the Sainsbury Report (1967), the Kefauver Hearings (1963) and the Snyman Report (1962)), reveals that healthcare and the cost of healthcare delivery are some of the most frequently debated areas amongst the citizens and policy makers of both the developed and developing world. Pharmaceutical prices, more often than not, have been cast as the primary reason that the delivery cost of healthcare is so high. The methods used by pharmaceutical companies to promote their products – elaborate conventions, colourful brochures and generous amounts of free samples (certainly in previous years) to physicians may have contributed to this perception. Furthermore, the fact that the absolute cost of manufacturing a single capsule or tablet (including drugs that are no longer under patent) is a small fraction of the actual selling price also tends to raise the public ire. A greater understanding of pricing structures is necessary to appreciate this sector. The writer’s own experience in the area of healthcare that involves insurance for medical risks (medical schemes - the private healthcare funding system) suggests that it is crucial that pharmaceutical pricing structures be understood against this backdrop. Therefore the main reasons for undertaking this study are: i. to appreciate the pricing structures of pharmaceuticals to inform policy debates; ii. the current empirical evidence1 in the South African market has indicated that pharmaceuticals are unfairly priced and has prompted the Department of Health to introduce price regulations2. One goal of the research is to ascertain whether this is accurate; and iii. to obtain a broader knowledge base of the issue of pharmaceutical pricing practices in the South African healthcare market. It was with this approach that the area of pharmaceutical pricing and the topic was decided upon.