Office waste paper is one of the fastest growing segments of the recycled fiber industry. Toner particles are rigid, insoluble and difficult to disperse and detach from fibers. Therefore papers made from recycled office waste having high toner content will contain noticeable ink particles. This work will consider an alternative way of efficient de-inking using plasma polymers which will not affect the fibers chemically or mechanically. The focus is development and characterization of plasma-deposited films to serve as a barrier film for the adhesion of ink toner to the paper fibers and thereby enhance ink lift off from the fibers. The plasma treated paper is coated with fluorocarbon (PFE) and polyethylene glycol (PFE) films, with constant thickness of PFE and varying the thickness of PEG by 1500, from 1500 to 4500, for the three cases studied (PFE greater than PEG, PFE=PEG, PFE less than PEG). Handsheets were made using virgin fibers to eliminate effects of fillers. Once the sheets were coated and printing performed, they were re-pulped and both the slurry and the de-inking surfactant were placed in a flotation cell. Handsheets were made from the collected foam and stock and were scanned for particle count. The results indicated higher ink loss for the cases with increased thickness of polymer films. A handsheet with a 7500 film (PFE = 3000 and PEG = 4500) showed 61% ink removal compared to 38% for handsheets with no film deposited. There was also less material loss for the cases with higher polymer film thickness.

This experimental study compares green printing technologies (ink and stock) to traditional printing technologies (ink and stock) regarding how they compare in quality. The quality was measured using the print characteristics of gray balance and dot gain. A comparison of the two independent variables (ink and stock) was conducted to determine if a difference exists for the selected characteristics. It has been suggested that the green technologies, despite being more environmentally friendly, are not as high in quality and therefore result in a lower quality printed piece. This research used a four-color test form that was printed using both the green and traditional technologies. The characteristics were measured using an X-rite 528 spectrodensitometer, after which the data were analyzed and conclusions reported. The results of the study suggest that there is no practical significance between the different inks and stocks employed in this study. It was determined however that the best print quality in terms of dot gain (meaning the least amount of dot gain) resulted from the combination of green technologies (ink and paper). / Department of Technology

Thesis (Ph.D) -- McMaster University, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. / Committee Chair: Hsieh, Jeffery; Committee Member: Breedveld, Victor; Committee Member: Empie, Jeff; Committee Member: Forney, Larry; Committee Member: Singh, Preet

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2007. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-65).

AstraZeneca är en av världens främsta tillverkare av läkemedel. Agenda 2030 ställer höga krav på läkemedelsföretagen vad gäller att höja den globala folkhälsan och samtidigt bidra till en hållbar produktion. På PET Respules i Södertälje tillverkas flytande astmamedicin i plastampuller med steril BFS-teknik. Dessa plastampuller ges tilltryck genom tampontryckteknik. Tilltrycket innehåller batchunik information som utgångsdatum, produkt och dos och är en viktig process för patientsäkerhet och spårbarhet. För att säkra denna process är tryckmaskinerna utrustade med kalibrerad visionteknik som ställer krav på tryckprocessen. Tryckfärgen som används blandas med lösningsmedel för att sänka viskositeten och påverka färgens egenskaper. Viskositet har inte tidigare använts som parameter vid felsökning av färgblandningen vilket har resulterat i att bedömningen av huruvida färgblandningen varit lös (låg viskositet) eller tjock (hög viskositet) varit subjektiv. Genom experimentella försök och stickprov undersöktes sambandet mellan färgens viskositet och kassation från tryckmaskin. Detta genom att testa flera olika förhållanden mellan tryckfärg och lösningsmedel samtidigt och övervaka hur viskositeten betedde sig över tid. Testerna visade att det finns ett spann på viskositet mellan 350-622,4 mPa·s där ingen kassation kopplat till tryckfärgen förekommer. Det gick även konstatera att färgblandning med för lös viskositet genererar problem med övriga komponenter och att resultaten möjliggör standardisering av arbetssätt kopplat till hantering av tryckfärg. / AstraZeneca is one of the world's leading pharmaceutical manufacturers. Agenda 2030 places high demands on pharmaceutical companies regarding improving global public health while contributing to sustainable production. At PET Respules in Södertälje, liquid asthma medication is manufactured and packed in plastic ampoules using sterile BFS technology. These plastic ampoules are printed using pad printing technology. The print contains batch-specific information such as expiration date, product, dose, and is an important process for patient safety and traceability. To ensure this process, the printing machines are equipped with calibrated vision control system that sets requirements for the printing process. The printing ink used is mixed with a solvent to reduce viscosity and affect the properties of the color. Viscosity has not previously been used as a parameter in troubleshooting the color mixture, resulting in the assessment of whether the color mixture has been loose (low viscosity) or thick (high viscosity) being subjective. Through experimental trials and random sampling, the correlation between color viscosity and rejection from the printing machine was examined. This was done by testing several different ratios between printing ink and solvent simultaneously and monitoring how viscosity behaved over time. The tests showed that there is a range of viscosity between 350-622,4 mPa·s where no rejection related to the printing ink occurs. It was also found that a color mixture with excessively low viscosity generates problems with other components, and the results enable the standardization of work processes related to handling the printing ink.

O papel representa cerca de 25% de todo resíduo sólido presente nos aterros sanitários. O papel jornal pode representar até 50% de todo papel descartado e encontra-se na sua maioria impresso. A tinta de impressão pode ser tóxica aos microrganismos responsáveis pela digestão anaeróbia. O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a influência dessa tinta na digestão anaeróbia do papel jornal. Este estudo buscou colaborar para uma melhor compreensão da caracterização dos resíduos sólidos, toxicidade, biodegradabilidade, e processos de tratamento dos resíduos sólidos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foi avaliada a eficiência de quatro inóculos: lodo de digestor anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente (UASB) tratando esgoto sanitário da cidade de Piracicaba - SP - (LU); lodo granulado de digestor anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente (UASB) proveniente do tratamento do esgoto da Avícola Dacar - Ltda, localizada na cidade de Tietê - SP - (LA); percolado do aterro sanitário da cidade de Jaboticabal - SP, operando há 11 meses - (PI) e percolado do aterro sanitário experimental de São Carlos - SP, em operação há 11 anos (PII). Essa etapa de trabalho permitiu escolher o inóculo proveniente do aterro sanitário de Jaboticabal por apresentar maior eficiência na digestão anaeróbia do papel jornal. Esse inóculo foi utilizado para os reatores na segunda etapa do trabalho, no qual o principal objetivo foi avaliar a influência da tinta de impressão na digestão anaeróbia do papel jornal em quatro reatores alimentados com papel jornal não impresso (JNI), papel jornal impresso com tinta preta (JIP), papel jornal impresso com tinta colorida (JIC) e reator de controle (B). A tinta de impressão não se apresentou como inibitória ao processo anaeróbio, pois a degradação observada foi praticamente semelhante nos reatores alimentados com papel jornal impresso e não impresso. / Paper represents about 25% of all solid waste presented in sanitary landfills. Newspaper can represent up to 50% of all the discarded paper and is found mostly printed. The printing ink can be toxic to the microorganisms that have anaerobic digestion. The main objective of the present dissertation was to evaluate the influence of this ink on the anaerobic digestion of newspaper. It also intends to collaborate for a better comprehension of characterization, toxicity, biodegradability and processes of treatment of solid wastes. The research was developed in two stages. First the efficiency of four inoculum was evaluated: they were sludge of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treating the sanitary sewage of Piracicaba city - SP (LU); granulated sludge of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) originated form the sewage treatment of Avícola Dacar - Ltda, located in Tietê city - SP (LA); leachate from sanitary landfill of Jaboticabal city - SP, with 11 months of operation (PI) and leachate from experimental sanitary landfill in São Carlos city - SP, with 11 years of operation (PII). This stage of work allowed choosing the inoculum from the sanitary landfill of Jaboticabal as it showed greater efficiency in the anaerobic digestion of newspaper. This inoculum was used to inoculate the reactors in the second stage of the work, aiming to evaluate the influence of the printing ink on the anaerobic digestion of the newspaper, in four reactors fed with non-printed newspaper (JNI), printed newspaper with black ink (JIP), printed newspaper with colorful ink (JIC) and reactor of control (B). The printing ink did not show to be inhibitory to the anaerobic process, as the observed digestions were almost similar for the reactors fed with printed and non-printed newspaper.

O papel representa cerca de 25% de todo resíduo sólido presente nos aterros sanitários. O papel jornal pode representar até 50% de todo papel descartado e encontra-se na sua maioria impresso. A tinta de impressão pode ser tóxica aos microrganismos responsáveis pela digestão anaeróbia. O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a influência dessa tinta na digestão anaeróbia do papel jornal. Este estudo buscou colaborar para uma melhor compreensão da caracterização dos resíduos sólidos, toxicidade, biodegradabilidade, e processos de tratamento dos resíduos sólidos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foi avaliada a eficiência de quatro inóculos: lodo de digestor anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente (UASB) tratando esgoto sanitário da cidade de Piracicaba - SP - (LU); lodo granulado de digestor anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente (UASB) proveniente do tratamento do esgoto da Avícola Dacar - Ltda, localizada na cidade de Tietê - SP - (LA); percolado do aterro sanitário da cidade de Jaboticabal - SP, operando há 11 meses - (PI) e percolado do aterro sanitário experimental de São Carlos - SP, em operação há 11 anos (PII). Essa etapa de trabalho permitiu escolher o inóculo proveniente do aterro sanitário de Jaboticabal por apresentar maior eficiência na digestão anaeróbia do papel jornal. Esse inóculo foi utilizado para os reatores na segunda etapa do trabalho, no qual o principal objetivo foi avaliar a influência da tinta de impressão na digestão anaeróbia do papel jornal em quatro reatores alimentados com papel jornal não impresso (JNI), papel jornal impresso com tinta preta (JIP), papel jornal impresso com tinta colorida (JIC) e reator de controle (B). A tinta de impressão não se apresentou como inibitória ao processo anaeróbio, pois a degradação observada foi praticamente semelhante nos reatores alimentados com papel jornal impresso e não impresso. / Paper represents about 25% of all solid waste presented in sanitary landfills. Newspaper can represent up to 50% of all the discarded paper and is found mostly printed. The printing ink can be toxic to the microorganisms that have anaerobic digestion. The main objective of the present dissertation was to evaluate the influence of this ink on the anaerobic digestion of newspaper. It also intends to collaborate for a better comprehension of characterization, toxicity, biodegradability and processes of treatment of solid wastes. The research was developed in two stages. First the efficiency of four inoculum was evaluated: they were sludge of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treating the sanitary sewage of Piracicaba city - SP (LU); granulated sludge of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) originated form the sewage treatment of Avícola Dacar - Ltda, located in Tietê city - SP (LA); leachate from sanitary landfill of Jaboticabal city - SP, with 11 months of operation (PI) and leachate from experimental sanitary landfill in São Carlos city - SP, with 11 years of operation (PII). This stage of work allowed choosing the inoculum from the sanitary landfill of Jaboticabal as it showed greater efficiency in the anaerobic digestion of newspaper. This inoculum was used to inoculate the reactors in the second stage of the work, aiming to evaluate the influence of the printing ink on the anaerobic digestion of the newspaper, in four reactors fed with non-printed newspaper (JNI), printed newspaper with black ink (JIP), printed newspaper with colorful ink (JIC) and reactor of control (B). The printing ink did not show to be inhibitory to the anaerobic process, as the observed digestions were almost similar for the reactors fed with printed and non-printed newspaper.

Every year, millions of tons of paper are diverted from landfills and recycled. Newspaper constitutes a large portion of total paper recycled, providing a cheap source of raw material for the paper industry and helping sustainable forestry. The recycling of newsprint paper involves the separation of ink from the newsprint, which is done either by flotation or washing. Conventional flotation processes for separating ink are not adequate for newsprint printed using flexography printing technique and with water-based ink. The removal of these flexographic water-based inks by washing is a better alternative. However, one drawback of washing is that it has lower yield. In addition, the subsequent wash filtrate is difficult and costly to decontaminate. The overall goal is to develop a combination of processes that can remove ink from a feedstock that contains up to 100% flexographic ink newsprint; in the context of process variables with known effects. In the present work the objectives are to (1) demonstrate that incorporating an electric field into a conventional deinking process improves deinking efficiency, (2) propose a mechanism of how incorporating an electric field helps to improve deinking efficiency, (3) demonstrate that an electric field can decontaminate water containing flexographic inks and identify the mechanism behind electric field clarification of water, and (4) demonstrate that by incorporating electric fields into both the flotation deinking stage and water decontamination, the target deinking efficiency can be achieved.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alcides Ferreira Goes.pdf: 8273987 bytes, checksum: 0e3e99568082e4f5bc12b36ba488610b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-21 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / Between the end of the century XVIII and the first half of the century XIX, a lot of modifications were in process in relation to the graphic arts. The search for improvements in printing images involved the own equipment, the form of fixation of the types to compose the matrix, the innovations in the distribution of the ink, new fittings between the matrix and the inking system, the mechanization of the printing press by the force of the vapor, and also alterations in the preparation of appropriate impression inks to that group of changes. Thus, in this work, we analyze recipes to make inks and their relationships with the processes and the changes involved in this art, starting the analysis of a manual of impression inks published in the first half of the century XIX - On the Preparation of Printing Ink: both Black and Coloured (1832), written by William Savage (1771-1844). We will approach the subject of the ink starting from the context in that the manual was published, evidencing practices of production on printing inks and the old knowledge registered in text. A group of factors will be presented to promote a better understanding of the influence of the ink in the impression process and your interface with the equipment, with the matrix and your distribution system of the printing press, trying to interpret in the work the secrets of the ingredients used in the revenues of an ink and mainly the way that the author treats on that subject / Entre o final do século XVIII e a primeira metade do século XIX, muitas modificações estavam em processo em relação às artes gráficas. As buscas por melhorias nos sistemas que geravam imagens a partir de uma impressora envolviam o próprio equipamento, as matrizes usadas no sistema de impressão, a forma de fixação dos tipos para compor a matriz, as inovações na distribuição da tinta, novos ajustes entre a matriz e o sistema de entintamento, a mecanização da impressora pelo uso da movimentação baseada na força do vapor, e também alterações no preparo de tintas de impressão adequadas a esse conjunto de mudanças. Assim, neste trabalho, analisaremos receitas de tintas e a sua relação com os processos e as mudanças envolvidas na época, tendo como ponto de partida a análise de um manual de tintas de impressão publicado na primeira metade do século XIX On the Preparation of Printing Ink: both Black and Coloured (1832), escrito por William Savage (1771-1844). Abordaremos a questão da tinta a partir do contexto em que o manual foi publicado, evidenciando as práticas de produção de tintas de impressão e os conhecimentos antigos registrados em texto. Um conjunto de fatores será apresentado para promover um melhor entendimento da influência da tinta no processo de impressão e a sua interface com o equipamento, com a matriz e o seu sistema de distribuição pela impressora, procurando interpretar na obra os segredos dos ingredientes usados nas receitas de uma tinta e principalmente a maneira que o autor trata sobre esse assunto