Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The majority of small and medium - and to a much lesser extent the large - commercial lithographic printing firms situated in the Western Cape do not employ a fulltime financial director or an accountant. The result is that many managers - very often without much financial training - have to steer their firm through very turbulent economic times. Apart from being in this state of siege, managers of these commercial printing firms have their problem compounded by the fact that they do not have any industry-specific financial benchmarks against which to evaluate their firms' financial performance. Against this background, the writer has set out to determine certain industry financial benchmarks - presented in the form of ratios - for the commercial lithographic printing firms situated in the Western Cape to enable participating firms to measure their performance relative to their sector peers. As such, this study is aimed at the non-financial manager, firstly, and thereafter the financial manager. To this end an attempt has been made to keep the vocabulary as user-friendly as possible without sacrificing brevity and clarity. Lastly, this study is presented as a working document rather than a theoretical exercise. The essence of this study - to create a tool for financial evaluation - could be embodied as follows: Turnover is vanity, profit is sanity, cash flow is reality. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die meerderheid klein en medium - en tot 'n mindere mate groot - kommersiële litografiese drukkery firmas wat in die Wes Kaap geleë is, het nie 'n voltydse finansiële direkteur of rekenmeester in diens nie. Dit gee daartoe aanleiding dat verskeie bestuurders - dikwels sonder noemenswaardige finansiële opleiding - hul firma deur 'n baie onstuimige ekonomiese omgewing moet stuur. Buiten hierdie uitdaging is daar ook die verdere probleem dat daar tans geen industrie-spesifieke finansiële maatstawwe bestaan waarteen hul firmas se finansiële prestasie gemeet kan word nie. Teen hierdie agtergrond het hierdie studie dus ten doel gehad om sekere industrie spesifieke finansiële maatstawwe - aangebied as verhoudings - vir die kommersiële litografiese drukkery firmas wat in die Wes Kaap geleë is, te genereer sodat deelnemende firmas hul finansiële prestasie kan meet relatief tot hul sektor eweknieë. Met hierdie doel voor oë is hierdie studie dus eerstens gerig op die nie-finansiële bestuurder en daarna die finansiële bestuurder. Dienooreenkomstig is die woordeskat dus so gebruikervriendelik moontlik gehou sonder om akkuraatheid en trefkrag in te boet. Laastens is hierdie studie gemik om 'n werksdokument eerder as 'n teoretiese skrywe te wees. Die kern van hierdie studie - om naamlik 'n instrument te wees vir finansiële evaluasie - kan as volg saamgevat word: Omset is ydelheid, wins is redelikheid, kontantvloei is werklikheid.

M.A. (Information Science) / Since the earliest civilizations books have found their way into libraries, thus the printing and publishing industries in the era after Gutenberg invented printing with moveable type, are of cardinal importance to library science. Within the field of library science the systematic bibliographic description of the products of the printing and publishing industries features strongly. Books and other publications are a basic necessity in any civilized community. It therefore stands to reason that after the constitutional establishment of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) a printing and publishing industry would develop and thrive. A complete survey of the printing and publishing industry in the Transvaal has not yet been published. This study endeavours to fill this gap by bringing together information on all types of publications printed in Dutch, Afrikaans, English and other languages in the Transvaal during the period 1857-1902. This is done in the form of a bibliography and a description of the printing and publishing industry in the ZAR. A literature study was done using bibliographies and catalogues in the Brenthurst Library, Johannesburg Public Library and the Rand Afrikaans University Library. It was established from the literature what was printed and published from 1857-1902 in the Transvaal. A bibliography of these items was compiled and information on the printers and publishers was collected. This was supplemented by information gleaned from books, periodical articles, newspapers, theses and dissertations...

The study centres on the development of a didactically justified design model of a competency based modular training system for the Printing, Newspaper and Packaging Industries. The design model is represented in a diagram form identifying the components of the design model in relation to their systems function. The components of the design model are; training needs analysis, aims and objectives of training, the learner initial situation, the code of practice for training within industry, the pre-interactive training phase, the interactive training phase and training outcomes. Checklists are developed for using the design model as well as some practical examples of the implementation of the design model in creating a training system which features sound andragogic didactic principles and practices. The use of the design model enables the development of a practical competency based modular training system which meets the unique requirements of the Printing, Newspaper and Packaging Industries. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Didactics)

The study centres on the development of a didactically justified design model of a competency based modular training system for the Printing, Newspaper and Packaging Industries. The design model is represented in a diagram form identifying the components of the design model in relation to their systems function. The components of the design model are; training needs analysis, aims and objectives of training, the learner initial situation, the code of practice for training within industry, the pre-interactive training phase, the interactive training phase and training outcomes. Checklists are developed for using the design model as well as some practical examples of the implementation of the design model in creating a training system which features sound andragogic didactic principles and practices. The use of the design model enables the development of a practical competency based modular training system which meets the unique requirements of the Printing, Newspaper and Packaging Industries. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Didactics)

This study centres on curriculum development for a master craftsman level in the Printing, Newspaper and Packaging Industries which is didactically sound and takes cognisance of the dynamic vocational education and training milieu in which it occurs. Curriculum and curriculum development is viewed from a systems perspective and incorporates the specific andragogic didactic needs of the learner target group as well as the unique needs of an industrial sector. Because the National Qualification Framework model advocates an outcomes-based approach to curriculum development this necessitated the identification of a suitable standards generating process to articulate the master craftsman unit standards into a qualification capable of being recognised by the National Qualification Framework. The nature and complexity of the underpinning knowledge, skills and competencies for the master craftsman level were quantified and qualified by means of skills and competency profiling and the development of a job outcome taxonomy of skills, knowledge and attributes which incorporated critical cross field and fundamental skills, and their underpinning knowledge requirements. Using aspects ofvarious vocational education and training models and empirical research course content was sourced, evaluated and developed into appropriate modules of learning that are congruent with the accepted competency based modular training system used in the Industries. Course maps that integrate theory and practice were developed with multi skilling milestones linked to learner certification. Evaluation of resources for the delivery of the Master Craftsman Programme was facilitated by means of a provider quality assessment and accreditation system. The interactive teaching-learning situation and the evaluation processes and procedures were developed to enhance the assessment of applied competencies in the world of work. A pilot study and unit standards generating activities are to be used as a means of implementing and institutionalising the master craftsman curriculum. The findings of this study revealed that by viewing the curriculum from a systems perspective and using a suitable curriculum development model a creative master craftsman curriculum development process could take place. The competency profiling technique and taxonomy of competencies, skills, knowledge and attributes enabled the curriculum process to be a top-down approach which is outcomes-based. / Didactics / D.Ed. (Didactics)

This study centres on curriculum development for a master craftsman level in the Printing, Newspaper and Packaging Industries which is didactically sound and takes cognisance of the dynamic vocational education and training milieu in which it occurs. Curriculum and curriculum development is viewed from a systems perspective and incorporates the specific andragogic didactic needs of the learner target group as well as the unique needs of an industrial sector. Because the National Qualification Framework model advocates an outcomes-based approach to curriculum development this necessitated the identification of a suitable standards generating process to articulate the master craftsman unit standards into a qualification capable of being recognised by the National Qualification Framework. The nature and complexity of the underpinning knowledge, skills and competencies for the master craftsman level were quantified and qualified by means of skills and competency profiling and the development of a job outcome taxonomy of skills, knowledge and attributes which incorporated critical cross field and fundamental skills, and their underpinning knowledge requirements. Using aspects ofvarious vocational education and training models and empirical research course content was sourced, evaluated and developed into appropriate modules of learning that are congruent with the accepted competency based modular training system used in the Industries. Course maps that integrate theory and practice were developed with multi skilling milestones linked to learner certification. Evaluation of resources for the delivery of the Master Craftsman Programme was facilitated by means of a provider quality assessment and accreditation system. The interactive teaching-learning situation and the evaluation processes and procedures were developed to enhance the assessment of applied competencies in the world of work. A pilot study and unit standards generating activities are to be used as a means of implementing and institutionalising the master craftsman curriculum. The findings of this study revealed that by viewing the curriculum from a systems perspective and using a suitable curriculum development model a creative master craftsman curriculum development process could take place. The competency profiling technique and taxonomy of competencies, skills, knowledge and attributes enabled the curriculum process to be a top-down approach which is outcomes-based. / Didactics / D.Ed. (Didactics)