This paper is an attempt to determine the functions of penitentiary statistics and research for the structure of the Canadian Penitentiary Service. The penitentiary structure is defined as a bureaucracy and the statistics and research program as one of its sub-structures. By studying penitentiary statistics and research some insight is gained into this system operating as a bureaucratic organization. From an historical study of the Penitentiary Service it was found that little research has been done. Furthermore, limited reliance has been placed by penitentiary administrators on statistics and research in decision-making. Major changes in policy resulted from the findings of official enquiries. The major function of existing statistics seems to have been the public accounting of Service operations. With the adoption of inmate rehabilitation as an operating philosophy, the more complex administrative situation which has resulted seems to require increased reliance on a statistics and research program in order to achieve this new goal of the Penitentiary Service. While the need for an expanded statistics and research program in penitentiary administration has been recognized, shortage of funds has necessitated reliance on the Dominion Bureau of Statistics for guidance and implementation of this operation. The involvement of the Bureau has resulted, in the provision of statistics sufficient for public accounting purposes at considerable savings to the Service. However, considering the immediate needs of the Service for increased statistical data and a variety of research studies, the major participation of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics would seem to have a limiting effect on the program from two points of view. Information arising from this study indicates that the ability of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics to produce the required data is insufficient for the optimal operation of the penitentiary statistics and research program. Secondly, the involvement of an outside agency in the program seems to have been interpreted unfavourably by the penitentiary staff, with the result that accuracy of statistical data and internal acceptance of the statistics and research program have been impaired. This research suggests as a general conclusion that it is profitable to study correctional agencies in terms of the theory of complex organizations. More specifically the information obtained indicates that, in order to achieve its present goal of inmate rehabilitation, the Canadian Penitentiary bureaucracy is dependent on the development of an efficient statistics and research program for which there seems to be no functional alternative. Consideration of the administrative arrangements necessary to make this program maximally functional for the penitentiary bureaucracy has led to the conclusion that requirements of efficiency, staff acceptance of this program and therefore ultimate achievement of bureaucratic goals, demand that the Service assume increased control over policy and operation of its program of statistics and research . / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

Prisons are organized to hold and control inmates. Inmates traditionally oppose authority, and the social ecology of prisons resists change-oriented programs. Successful educational programs appear to neutralize certain negative aspects of the social ecology while engaging inmates in setting and working toward pro-social goals. One initiative is the Simon Fraser University prison-based baccalaureate program in the humanities. Inmates in this program appear to develop positive student roles. Explanations for the program's apparent success had not previously examined the interaction between inmates and the social ecology of the program. Previous accounts of the program relied on anecdotal reviews and psychological explanations of inmate development. To bridge this gap, this study was designed to explicate a theoretical model to explain student roles and associated feeling states and expectations, to operationalize it, and to examine relationships with various socio-demographic and carceral variables. Three approaches were used. The first involved formulating the model, drawing on previous studies and experience with inmates in this program, literature about the program, and role theory. A model of role development was posited. It has five stages: (1) Recruitment, (2) Disorientation, (3) Separation, (4) Transition, and (5) Solidarity. The second phase involved operationalizing the model. Seventy written statements were constructed representing inmates' feelings toward prison, and the university program, at each stage of the model. They were judged by five experts in correctional education who strongly concurred in assigning the 70 statements into respective stages. The second phase also involved a card sort of these 70 statements by 33 inmate university students in one prison. They sorted the cards according to: (1) "how I feel now"; (2) "how I used to feel, but not now"; (3) "never felt like this"; and (4) "don't know." For the third phase, data were analyzed using Pearson correlations and ANOVA statistical procedures. The major conclusions which emerged from the study pertained to the three purposes. With regard to the explication of a model of role development, it was concluded that (1) Role theory is an appropriate framework for articulating a model of prison ecology, and (2) Inmates experience five distinct and sequential stages of role development. With regard to the operationalization of the model, it was concluded that (1) Judges found the overall model plausible and workable, (2) Judges were able to reliably discriminate items into stages, and (3) Inmates' responses confirmed intra-stage reliability. With regard to relationships between scores obtained from operationalizing the model and various socio-demographic and prison-related variables, it was concluded that (1) The expected associations were not confirmed, (2) Inmates' forwarding of feelings from previous incarcerations supports the Importation model, (3) A counter-intuitive finding (university term by Recruitment) is probably an artifact of previous penitentiary experience, and (4) The university program does foster pro-social role development, thus providing support for the "some things work" position. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal. / Les institutions privatives de liberté sont des milieux de vie complexes. Détenant contre leur gré de nombreuses personnes, elles sont des lieux de rencontre d'individus dont le rôle et le statut sont fondamentalement opposés. L'objet de cette recherche est de procéder à une analyse de ces institutions à partir du sens que les différents acteurs qui y vivent et qui y travaillent lui attribuent. A partir d'un travail de terrain de plusieurs mois au cours duquel nous avons réalisé des observations participantes et recueilli de nombreux témoignages, nous avons analysé les pratiques, le vécu, les perceptions et les points de vue, tant des membres du personnel que des détenus de ces institutions. Il ressort de notre recherche que le monde carcéral est, à l'heure actuelle, un monde fragmenté. En effet, les membres du groupe des surveillants, confrontés à une mission ambiguè entre le maintien de l'ordre interne et l'aide à la réinsertion sociale des détenus, tendent à s'approprier une de leurs tàches au détriment de l'autre. Selon la mission privilégiée des tensions surviennent à l'intérieur du groupe et les gardiens ont alors de la difficulté à se reconnaItre à travers une identité collective. Parallèlement, les relations qui se nouent entre membres du personnel de surveillance et détenus se révèlent être atomisées. Certains d'entre eux privilégient une relation conflictuelle face aux membres du groupe adverse. D'autres favorisent l'entente et la négociation. Par ce fait même, il y a scission selon la forme de relation privilégiée. Solitude, tensions, incertitude et atomisation constituent les caractéristiques des pénitenciers d'aujourd'hui.