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Sammanfattning Den allmänna otillbörlighetsregeln i KL 4:5 är idag den enda återvinningsregel som har ett subjektivt rekvisit. Detta arbete skall dock inte behandla detta rekvisit utan istället fokusera på regelns kanske viktigaste rekvisit, nämligen otillbörlighetsrekvisitet. KL 4:5 är inte subsidiär till de övriga återvinningsreglerna i KL utan har ett brett tillämpningsområde. Denna regel kan komma att tillämpas trots att någon av de övriga återvinningsreglerna är aktuella. Detta om rättshandlingen företagits på ett otillbörligt sätt gentemot konkursboets borgenärer. För att återvinning skall kunna ske enligt KL 4:5 krävs att en rättshandling skall ha företagits. Vidare skall denna transaktion ha inneburit att en viss borgenär har gynnats framför en annan borgenär, att egendom undandragits från borgenärerna eller att gäldenärens skulder har ökat. Dessa rättshandlingar är typfallen där konkursborgenärerna kan drabbas av nackdel i förhållande till sin innestående fordran gentemot konkursboet. KL 4:5 innehåller förutom det subjektiva rekvisitet och kravet på nackdel också ett insolvensrekvisit. Är dessa rekvisit uppfyllda så skall en otillbörlighetsbedömning göras. Man skall här pröva om otillbörlighetsrekvisitet anses vara uppfyllt. Denna bedömning görs utifrån att man prövar om de olika typfallen av rättshandlingar företagits på ett otillbörligt sätt. Skulle så vara fallet går rättshandlingen åter. Omständigheter som gör att en rättshandling erhåller epitetet otillbörligt kan t.ex. vara att beloppet som transaktionen rör är att anses vara av betydande storlek. Detta arbete kommer grundligt att presentera och redogöra för de omständigheter som förarbetena, rättstillämpningen och doktrinen menar påverka otillbörlighetsbedömningen.

The ultimate aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that the effect of applying a corrective structure to fiduciary obligations is edifying. Corrective justice is a bipolar relationship where each of the poles refers to individuals conceptually linked through the legal relationship between them. Because corrective justice is bipolar, the upshot of such an approach ought to result in the promise of greater integrity and clarity flowing from a renewed interest in the relationship between fiduciary and principal. Underlying this polishing of the fiduciary relationship is the long-held ambition for the fiduciary relationship not to suffer from ambiguity as a symptom of its expansion beyond the sphere of trusts.

The ultimate aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that the effect of applying a corrective structure to fiduciary obligations is edifying. Corrective justice is a bipolar relationship where each of the poles refers to individuals conceptually linked through the legal relationship between them. Because corrective justice is bipolar, the upshot of such an approach ought to result in the promise of greater integrity and clarity flowing from a renewed interest in the relationship between fiduciary and principal. Underlying this polishing of the fiduciary relationship is the long-held ambition for the fiduciary relationship not to suffer from ambiguity as a symptom of its expansion beyond the sphere of trusts.

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This thesis addresses the question: How do customary legal frameworks impact the status, rights and treatment of persons with disabilities? It is motivated by two underlying premises. First, customary legal frameworks are highly consequential in Sub-Saharan contexts. Second, human impairments are likely to impact status, rights and treatment in customary legal scenarios. In addition, the reality of deep legal pluralism and an anthropologically versed conception of customary law inform the research design. Customary legal content is rightly discerned by researching its substance and application within the lived environment. The researcher gathered input and stories of 63 persons with disabilities and conducted interviews of 23 community members with heightened knowledge of cultural matters in order to discern the experiences of persons with disabilities in non-formal legal contexts. In her semi-autonomous social field approach, Sally Falk Moore considers diverse and layered sources of law when determining the normative legal content in lived contexts. However, this research uncovered little in the way of normative principles specially pertaining to persons with disabilities within lived environments. Instead, legally consequential occurrences take place in customary scenarios that are largely autonomous from formal actors and institutions. The perceived normative substance of formal and customary law can influence the outcome of customary scenarios, but the decision makers' working knowledge of this legal content as it pertains to people with human impairments is limited and disparate. Decision-making family, clan and community members take various factors into consideration when determining rights, status and treatment in customary scenarios. Suppositions about the capacity and functionality of persons with disabilities are particularly influential. Thus, human impairments can be consequential factors in these decisions. This thesis demonstrates that customary scenarios are highly significant forums for establishing customary rights and status in the contexts of marital relations, clan leadership, customary guardianship, customary succession and land rights. Moreover, it indicates that effectual social and legal influences in these scenarios are multi-sourced, multi-layered and dynamic. Finally, the thesis offers practical change strategies suggested by the research for those seeking to improve the status, rights and treatment of persons with disabilities in Mukono District and similar settings.

This study looks into the ways in which official customary law addresses succession complexities and legitimacy in woman-to-woman marriages. The social, political, cultural and legal background against which these marriages are concluded show the history of succession in woman-to-woman marriages and the position of women and children. The thesis highlights provisions of customary succession laws legislators sought to redress through the Reform of Customary Law of Succession and Related Matters Act 11 of 2009 and the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998, which affect widowed spouses and certain children in customary marriages. The study uses literature review, case analysis and interviews to investigate the operation and legitimacy of woman-to-woman marriages, the benefits or harmful effects thereof, the background, context and history of the customary law of succession and acceptance of children in Bolobedu, and the application of living customary law. The study finds that woman-to-woman marriages are legitimate customary marriages under Lobedu customary law. It also finds that customary succession laws in such marriages have traces of patriarchy, although the community is under a matriarchal system of governance. It finds that the rule of male primogeniture is still applicable, and that women do not have a right to inherit from their deceased parents except at the discretion of the male heir. It finds that the acceptance of children in woman-to-woman marriages includes the performance of ceremonies symbolising the female husband's acceptance, and the child's use of her surname. It further finds that the application of official customary laws in Bolobedu is negligible, with the living customary law being the applicable law for all succession disputes. A further finding is the general lack of knowledge and understanding of succession rights under official customary laws by the community and their traditional leaders, who are aware only of provisions of the Lobedu living customary law which they readily provide. The study concludes that the legislators, judiciary and policy makers' lack of knowledge and understanding of woman-to-woman marriages and its accompanying succession laws inhibits and limits the adequacy of official customary law to regulate succession complexities. Rural communities' perceptions of their rights and knowledge of customary laws of succession, the practicality of provisions of official customary laws of succession, and their relatability to lived realities of rural communities further add to the inadequacy of official customary law.