The aim of this study was to reach an increased understanding about how the changing process with regards to criminality and violent behaviour of men may look like. The questions on these issues were: (1) How do three men describe the changing process of their life manner from violence and criminality into non violence and non criminal way of life? (2) How do three professionals from the probation service describe the life changing process of men from violence and criminality into non violence and non criminal way of life? Our research study was thoroughly done based on a qualitative approach method, interviewing six individuals by following the theme focused interview guidelines. Three men with previous violence and crime records, actors, and three professionals working in the probation service, observers, were interviewed and the selection was intended to highlight the problem from two angles. The interviews were analyzed through social psychology and pattern which describes the process of changes. The results showed that the changing process from violence and criminality is complex and there are indeed several factors likewise major cause such as important circumstances, supporter and mentor, altered self-image and motivation was of great importance. The results correspond with previous research.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 1997. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Ciências Empresariais / Esta tese resulta de um estudo longitudinal realizado numa empresa pública do sector postal, POST, entre Janeiro de 2003 e Fevereiro de 2006, com o objectivo de compreender a adopção, a implementação e a utilização na prática de dois sistemas de contabilidade de gestão nesta organização específica. A presente tese é composta por três ensaios que exploram vários aspectos dos processos de mudança na POST. No primeiro ensaio defendo que processos de construção de confiança são fundamentais para levar as organizações a adoptar novas tecnologias de gestão, tais como sistemas de contabilidade de gestão. Embora existam argumentos de natureza económica e organizacional que possam sugerir que a implementação de um novo sistema de contabilidade de gestão tem por base factores de eficiência, estes argumentos só por si não são suficientes para decidir a sua adopção. Relações de confiança entre as partes envolvidas nos processos de adopção são necessárias para que novos sistemas de contabilidade de gestão sejam introduzidos nas organizações. Na POST, processos de construção de confiança entre vários conselhos de administração e duas outras entidades empresas de consultadoria e o Gabinete de Planeamento e Controlo (adiante designado por PCO), o qual é uma área organizacional interna foram fundamentais na adopção de dois novos sistemas de contabilidade de gestão. O PCO, assim como os consultores, defenderam a introdução destes sistemas com base em razões de eficiência, com o objectivo de convencer cada um dos sucessivos conselhos de administração acerca da sua utilidade. No entanto, foi a construção de diferentes tipos de confiança entre as entidades acima referidas e os conselhos de administração que, através de repetidas interacções ao longo do tempo levaram, finalmente, um dos conselhos de administração a adoptar estes sistemas. Os diferentes tipos de confiança construídos são identificados neste ensaio tendo por base as definições propostas por Kramer (1999). No segundo ensaio desta tese investigo como e porquê os processos de implementação dos dois sistemas de contabilidade de gestão na POST foram influenciados por estratégias de poder. Em particular, analiso as estratégias de poder adoptadas por uma área organizacional específica, o PCO, durante os processos de implementação com o objectivo de manter a sua posição de poder na POST. As estratégias de poder adoptadas pelo PCO são interpretadas tendo por base as diferentes dimensões de poder propostas no modelo teórico de Hardy (1996). Por sua vez, estendo este modelo em consequência da sua limitação em explicar o poder do sistema na POST, o qual compreende simultaneamente comportamentos `inconscientes e `conscientes . No terceiro ensaio, ideias defendidas pelo modelo teórico de Burns e Scapens (2000), incluindo as suas extensões, foram utilizadas para explicar o hiato existente entre as regras dos novos sistemas de contabilidade de gestão e o uso destes sistemas na prática (rotinas). O estudo acrescenta algumas ideias teóricas ao modelo de Burns e Scapens (2000). Em primeiro lugar, demonstra que a mudança que segue as rotinas e instituições estabelecidas na organização pode ser tão difícil de implementar como a mudança que as desafia. Em segundo lugar, enfatiza a importância de aspectos de confiança e de poder na compreensão de como os novos sistemas de contabilidade de gestão são utilizados na prática na POST. O estudo consegue, assim, contribuir para estender a outras entidades, responsáveis pela implementação dos sistemas e patrocinadores, o foco das dificuldades relacionadas com a mudança em contabilidade de gestão. Por último, mostra ainda que pressões externas são importantes para iniciar a mudança, assim como para gerir os processos de mudança em estádios subsequentes. / This thesis is the result of a longitudinal in-depth case study conducted from January 2003 until February 2006 within a public sector Portuguese postal company, POST, in order to enhance comprehension about the adoption, implementation and use in practice of two new management accounting systems in this specific organisation. The current thesis is composed of three essays that explore several issues of the processes of management accounting change in POST. In the first essay I argue that trust-building processes are crucial for a better understanding of the decision-making processes that lead companies to adopt new management technologies such as management accounting systems. Although there are economic and organisational arguments which may suggest that the implementation of a new management accounting system is due to efficiency reasons, these arguments alone are not sufficient to decide on its adoption. Trust relationships between the parties involved are needed for new management accounting systems to be introduced in organisations. At POST, the trust-building processes between a series of Boards of Directors and two other bodies consultancy firms and the Planning and Control Office (PCO), which is an internal organisational area were fundamental in the adoption of two new management accounting systems. The PCO, as well as the consultants, argued for the introduction of these systems based on reasons of efficiency in order to convince each of the successive Boards of their usefulness. However, it was the different types of trust built up between the afore-mentioned bodies through repeated interactions over time that eventually led one of the Boards to adopt these systems. The different types of trust built up are identified in this essay according to Kramer s (1999) proposed definitions. In the second essay I investigate how and why the implementation processes of two new management accounting systems in POST were influenced by strategies of power. In particular, I explore the strategies of power adopted by a particular organisational area, the PCO, intended to maintain its power position within POST. The strategies of power adopted by the PCO are interpreted in the light of the different dimensions of power proposed in Hardy s (1996) framework. Furthermore, I extend this framework as a result of the limitation it has in explaining the `power of the system in POST, which encompasses both `unconscious and `conscious behaviours. In the third essay, insights from Burns and Scapens (2000) framework, including its extensions, have been applied in order to explain the existing gap between the rules of the newly implemented management accounting systems and their use in practice (routines). The study adds some theoretical insights to Burns and Scapens framework. Firstly, it demonstrates that a change that follows established routines and institutions may be as difficult to implement as a change that challenges them. Secondly, it emphasises the importance of trust and power issues in understanding how the new management accounting systems were used in practice at POST. In so doing, it contributes towards extending the focus of management accounting change difficulties to other additional entities, from users to implementers and sponsors. Finally, this study shows that external pressures are important for initiating change as well as managing the processes of change in subsequent stages.

<p>Barn och ungdomar som upplever våld i familjen är ett område som först på senare år uppmärksammats inom forskning. En utvärdering utifrån barnens och ungdomarnas beskrivningar saknas när det gäller Trappan-modellen, den modell som används mest som intervention för dessa barn och ungdomar i Sverige. Ungdomar är den grupp som troligtvis upplevt våldet under en lång tid och har en ökad risk att ta med sig våldet till sina senare nära relationer eller hamna i våldsamma relationer. Det är därför viktigt att få ungdomarnas perspektiv på om modellen lett till en förändring, på så sätt kan interventioner utvecklas för att bättre tillfredställa ungdomarnas behov.</p><p>Syftet med studien är att få fördjupad kunskap om ungdomarnas beskrivningar av förändring efter Trappansamtal.</p><p>Studien är en kvalitativ undersökning av nio intervjuer med ungdomar i åldern 12-19 år som alla varit med om Trappansamtal.</p><p>Nästan samtliga ungdomar beskriver någon slags förändring efter att de haft Trappansamtal. Deras beskrivningar tyder dock på att det till största delen varit generella faktorer som bidragit till förändringen och inte Trappan-modellen som en specifik åtgärd. Beskrivningar tyder på att Trappan-modellen inte alltid är en tillräcklig åtgärd för allas problematik och behov.</p> / <p>Children that experience domestic violence are a relatively new field whithin research. An evaluation from the childrens point of view has not been made when it come to Trappan-modellen, an Swedish intervention that is often used when it come to those children with this kind of experiences. Children in there youth have probably lived with the violence through out their entire childhood and they have an increased risk for getting in to violent relationships later on in life. Witch is why it´s importent to study the change after the intervention from theire perspektive so that interventions like Trappan-modellen can develop so they more meet theire needs.</p><p>The purpose with this essay was to get more knowledge about children in their youth´s descriptions of change after Trappan-modellen.</p><p>The essay is an qualitative examination of nine children in their youth from 12-19 years old all of them have experience Trappan- modellen as an intervention.</p><p>Almost everyone describes changes after Trappan-modellen as an intervention. It indicate from theirs describtions that common factors had played a big part in their progress of change and not so mutch the Trappan-modellen as a specific factor. Their describtions indicate that Trappan-modellen not always meet all of the children in their youth´s problem and needs.</p>

Barn och ungdomar som upplever våld i familjen är ett område som först på senare år uppmärksammats inom forskning. En utvärdering utifrån barnens och ungdomarnas beskrivningar saknas när det gäller Trappan-modellen, den modell som används mest som intervention för dessa barn och ungdomar i Sverige. Ungdomar är den grupp som troligtvis upplevt våldet under en lång tid och har en ökad risk att ta med sig våldet till sina senare nära relationer eller hamna i våldsamma relationer. Det är därför viktigt att få ungdomarnas perspektiv på om modellen lett till en förändring, på så sätt kan interventioner utvecklas för att bättre tillfredställa ungdomarnas behov. Syftet med studien är att få fördjupad kunskap om ungdomarnas beskrivningar av förändring efter Trappansamtal. Studien är en kvalitativ undersökning av nio intervjuer med ungdomar i åldern 12-19 år som alla varit med om Trappansamtal. Nästan samtliga ungdomar beskriver någon slags förändring efter att de haft Trappansamtal. Deras beskrivningar tyder dock på att det till största delen varit generella faktorer som bidragit till förändringen och inte Trappan-modellen som en specifik åtgärd. Beskrivningar tyder på att Trappan-modellen inte alltid är en tillräcklig åtgärd för allas problematik och behov. / Children that experience domestic violence are a relatively new field whithin research. An evaluation from the childrens point of view has not been made when it come to Trappan-modellen, an Swedish intervention that is often used when it come to those children with this kind of experiences. Children in there youth have probably lived with the violence through out their entire childhood and they have an increased risk for getting in to violent relationships later on in life. Witch is why it´s importent to study the change after the intervention from theire perspektive so that interventions like Trappan-modellen can develop so they more meet theire needs. The purpose with this essay was to get more knowledge about children in their youth´s descriptions of change after Trappan-modellen. The essay is an qualitative examination of nine children in their youth from 12-19 years old all of them have experience Trappan- modellen as an intervention. Almost everyone describes changes after Trappan-modellen as an intervention. It indicate from theirs describtions that common factors had played a big part in their progress of change and not so mutch the Trappan-modellen as a specific factor. Their describtions indicate that Trappan-modellen not always meet all of the children in their youth´s problem and needs.

These master's thesis "Use of mobile technologies for personal goals achievement" deals with a comprehensive, multifaceted view of mobile applications designed to support physical acti- vity in the general population. The four main chapters are devoted to physical activity in relation to mental health, a detailed introduction to the Transtheoretical model of behavior change, the development of digital technologies and the issue of implementing theoretical concepts in mo- bile applications. The empirical part presents qualitative research, which deals with the intentions of the authors of selected mobile applications and analysis of the presence of psychological concepts of beha- vior change in these applications. The research goal was only partially achieved because it was not possible to get answers to the submitted questions from the addressed respondents. The analysis of mobile applications themselves using behavior change techniques shows the appli- cation of some processes of change. Keywords Behavior change, motivation, processes of change, mobile applications, digital technologies.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lilian Aparecida Cruz Dugnani.pdf: 1950236 bytes, checksum: e4b23173f306bbdd3e34da4bfbd52b9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-17 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / The present study is integrated to the group of research actions Processes of Subject Constitution in Educational Practices PROSPED, from the Psychological Prevention and Intervention line of research of the Master Graduation Programme Strictu Sensu in Psychology of the Pont?fica Universidade Cat?lica in Campinas. Its aim is to investigate the potential of the school psychologist's actions in promoting changes to the school management practices. Official data show that longer permanence at school does not necessarily result in better education of the students since there is an increase in the number of literate and a decrease in the number of full literate ones. This leads us to think that there seems to be a dissonance between projects supported by the System and the ones that effectively happen at school. We take as theoretical foundations the assumptions of cultural-historical Psychology in that if you understand the human reasons and interests are built on concrete conditions of existence, mediated by instruments of culture, from the relationships established between the subject and the social, and the social and the subject, in a permanent dialectical movement. In the light of the materialistic dialectical and historical method, the data were constructed from the selection of 22 meetings, out of 128 meetings held in the course of the years 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013, with four managers of a public elementary school, a Director, a Deputy Director and two pedagogical advisors. Both meetings have the audio recording and transcript of the same, and the use of artistic expressions and the synthesis of mediators dialogues undertaken as tools in common. The results revealed that there is a way to work that fluctuates between school managers recognize the challenges that require the transformation of reality and who originate from relationships established between the various agents of the school, and mobilize to overcome them, that we call facing the conflicts, and the mobilization to deny conflicts and move on, that we call look away and that is one of the causes of paralysis in school. It was evidenced that the aesthetic mediations and semiotic, promoted by the arts and for the summaries, enabled the managers to experience two essential movements for making real the changes in exercising the management at school: the migration of emotion and the mobilization of the will. / O presente estudo est? integrado ?s a??es do grupo de Pesquisa Processos de Constitui??o dos Sujeitos em Pr?ticas Educativas PROSPED, da linha de pesquisa Preven??o e Interven??o Psicol?gica, do programa de P?s-gradua??o Stricto Sensu em Psicologia, da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas. Objetiva investigar o potencial das a??es do psic?logo escolar na promo??o de mudan?a das pr?ticas de gest?o na escola. Os dados oficiais revelam que a maior perman?ncia na escola n?o tem resultado em melhor escolariza??o dos alunos, na medida em que h? o aumento do n?mero de alfabetizados b?sicos e uma queda no n?mero de alfabetizados plenos. Isto nos leva a pensar que parece haver uma disson?ncia entre os projetos postos pelo sistema e o que ocorre efetivamente na escola. Tomamos como fundamentos te?ricos os pressupostos da Psicologia Hist?rico-cultural em que se compreende que os motivos e os interesses humanos s?o constru?dos nas condi??es concretas de exist?ncia, mediados pelos instrumentos da cultura, a partir das rela??es estabelecidas entre o sujeito e o social e o social e o sujeito, em um movimento dial?tico permanente. ? luz do m?todo materialista hist?rico e dial?tico, os dados foram constru?dos a partir da sele??o de 22 encontros, de um total de 128 reuni?es realizadas no decorrer dos anos de 2010,2011,2012 e 2013, com 4 gestores de uma escola p?blica de Ensino Fundamental I e II, a saber: um diretor, um vice-diretor e dois orientadores pedag?gicos. Em comum os encontros t?m a grava??o em ?udio e transcri??o dos mesmos, a utiliza??o de express?es art?sticas e da s?ntese como instrumentos mediadores dos di?logos empreendidos. Os resultados revelaram que h? um modo de funcionar dos gestores escolares que oscila entre reconhecerem os desafios que se imp?em ? transforma??o da realidade escolar e que emanam das rela??es estabelecidas entre os diversos agentes da escola, e se mobilizarem para super?-los, a que denominamos de enfrentamento dos conflitos e, a mobiliza??o para negar os conflitos e seguir adiante, o que chamamos de desviar o olhar, e que ? uma das causas do imobilismo na escola. Evidenciou-se ainda que as media??es est?ticas e semi?ticas, promovidas pelas artes e pelas s?nteses, possibilitaram aos gestores vivenciarem dois movimentos essenciais para a efetiva??o de mudan?as no modo de exercer a gest?o na escola: a migra??o da emo??o e a mobiliza??o da vontade.

The term ‘epidemic’ is often used to describe the obesity phenomenon and indicate that overweight or obesity is a worldwide phenomenon. While the prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing, reviews on overweight and obesity studies indicate a clear need for further effectiveness studies of innovative and cost-effective strategies to improve the long-term outcomes of weight loss and weight maintenance programmes in large populations. Current weight loss interventions, while successful in the short term, are often not cost effective enough to deliver on a large scale because they are labour and time intensive. Most importantly, they do not cover large populations. Despite some individual successful weight loss in these interventions programmes, individuals still need to self- manage their weight following intervention. It is unrealistic to expect health professionals and clinicians to provide timely and long-term ongoing support for 2.1 billions overweight and obesity populations around the world (OECD Health Statics, 2014).Therefore, the solutions for weight control may be more effective if grounded within the online community, that is, design long-term solutions that build and draw on social capital to support weight maintenance and are scaled to cope with large populations. Understanding the individual weight loss experiences through informal online social support and utilising the advantages of computer-mediated communication (CMC) can be a timely and cost-effective way to help people self-manage their weight. A three-month online longitudinal phenomenological interview of 17 informants recruited from an online community forum was applied to explore the weight loss experiences with assistance of informal online social support. Four weight loss threads selected by the informants during their weight loss process were also interpreted to map out the key roles of informal online social support and the interaction process that takes place in an online community forum. This research describes the lived experiences of individuals’ self-help weight loss process and maps out the critical moments and differential experiences involved in the Stages of Change (SoC) to explain the individual differences during different weight loss stages. This research also identifies the interrelationships of Processes of Change (PoC) for facilitating behaviour change. The findings of this research contribute to demonstrate the interaction process between community members and the process of providing and receiving social support at different individual members’ weight loss stages, which helped them to continue to lose weight or maintain their weight. The informal online social support could meet different self-help weight loss individual’s needs during different weight loss stages, which is difficult to be provided by the healthcare providers. The findings also contribute to social marketing as a way of offering a cost-effective and efficient way to assist the self-help individual to self- manage their weight in the long term. It may also be a viable way of addressing the issues of costs and labour intensity found in the current weight loss interventions that want to serve large populations.