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<p>Global financial crisis, triggered by the U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis, is now the hot issue all over the world. The crisis has already slowed down the world economy and brought great shocks to almost every industry. For B2C companies all over the world, the crisis is more of an opportunity than a threat and therefore these companies should use marketing techniques to further boost their revenue and profit.</p><p>In view of this situation, this thesis is dedicated to discuss the price and promotion strategies used by B2C companies during the crisis. Through case studies of four B2C companies, that is, TaoBao.com, DangDang.com, EBay.com and Amazon.com, we conclude that discount, pricing leadership and penetration pricing are the universal price strategies used, while they also use nearly similar promotion strategies: advertising, public relation and sales promotion. Considering the current crisis, we also think that current price and promotion strategies are insufficient in face of global financial crisis in that they are not flexible enough to adapt themselves to the changing consumer behaviors and economic surroundings. Consequently, to seek to address these problems, we here bring forward three suggestions: strengthened segment-based pricing Strategy, innovative promotion strategy and flexible marketing mix.</p>

Global financial crisis, triggered by the U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis, is now the hot issue all over the world. The crisis has already slowed down the world economy and brought great shocks to almost every industry. For B2C companies all over the world, the crisis is more of an opportunity than a threat and therefore these companies should use marketing techniques to further boost their revenue and profit. In view of this situation, this thesis is dedicated to discuss the price and promotion strategies used by B2C companies during the crisis. Through case studies of four B2C companies, that is, TaoBao.com, DangDang.com, EBay.com and Amazon.com, we conclude that discount, pricing leadership and penetration pricing are the universal price strategies used, while they also use nearly similar promotion strategies: advertising, public relation and sales promotion. Considering the current crisis, we also think that current price and promotion strategies are insufficient in face of global financial crisis in that they are not flexible enough to adapt themselves to the changing consumer behaviors and economic surroundings. Consequently, to seek to address these problems, we here bring forward three suggestions: strengthened segment-based pricing Strategy, innovative promotion strategy and flexible marketing mix.

This study is to probe into the sales promotion case of Uni-President convenience store ( 7-11), Hello Kitty. The method used in this study is qualitative research, especially the¡§In-depth Interview¡¨. Two of the senior managers of Uni-President convenience store were interviewed to gather more specific data and information. Furthermore, we combined together with the relevant secondary data to have more deeply analysis and research. The conclusions for this study are as below: A. The planning processes related to sales promotion strategy Sales promotions such as buy one get one free, coupons and free samples, are targeting and appealing to consumers across all demographics. B. The execution of the Hello Kitty promotion activities during the promotion period: The 7-11 uses various sales promotion events to attract the customers to buy and also to pay for the advertising expenditure during the promotion period. C. The results of 7-11 Hello Kitty sales promotion The promotion results indicate that the sales increased by 14.9% compared with the same period of last year.

The research has investigated the traditional bakery¡¦s marketing strategy. In recent years, traditional bakery store has impacted by the introduce of western diet culture and people being used to having western bakery food. Using the case of Wu Chi Bakery, as a well-known bakery store in local, it has faced the difficulty. The framework of the research is according to the developing procedure of marketing strategy. To understand the marketing environment of the bakery industry and the marketing strategy of the Wu Chi Bakery. The conclusions as below: 1. Product strategy: Characteristics of the product is the most important factor when consumer have to decide whether to purchase. 2. Promotion strategy: Service and introduction is the most efficiency way to promote the product. 3. Channel strategy: Using selective distribution strategy to expand channels. 4. Price strategy: To unify the price, using single-price strategy ,except for bulk purchase. According to the conclusions, suggestions are as below: 1. Taking advantage of being specialty. 2. Enlarging channels. 3. Varying the product line. 4. Combined with related industries.

Background: The globalisation of the fashion industry has allowed competition to increase and speed up the production. This has influenced supply chains to give up on ethical factors in order to push sales of cheap, Fast Fashion. The concept of Slow Fashion developed to challenge the unsustainable business models of fast fashion, implementing conscious production. However, it is hard to compete with cheap price and rapid production and therefore the promotion plays a crucial role in the survival of Slow Fashion companies. Even though green marketing and demarketing have been investigated as promotional strategies, no research has been dedicated towards promotion strategies that benefit Slow Fashion business models through keeping the company values.   Purpose: This paper seeks to identify how it is possible to promote the Slow Fashion business model to motivate the customer to choose Slow Fashion.   Method: In order to fulfil the purpose and answer the research question, a qualitative study was implemented through semi-structured, in depth interviews of which the results were compared and analysed with existing research and theories. The interviewees were all selected from their expertise regarding the subject. Participating companies were selected through convenience sampling and the experts participating through snowball sampling   Conclusion: The results shows that providing the consumer with transparency, information and anti-consumption would be a successful way to promote Slow Fashion businesses in order to stay competitive. However, it is uncertain if using one of these strategies leads to a competitive advantage. One has to keep the same message through all elements of the promotion in order to stay true. The proposed promotion strategy ought to be involving the consumer through communities and repair shops and going together as a movement of the whole industry.

Цель исследования: выявить и проанализировать существующие стратегии продвижения города Сухой Лог и оценить их перспективность. Для её достижения были поставлены задачи: провести анализ и определение понятий продвижения территории, рассмотреть существующие направления стратегии продвижения города, провести поиск и анализ перспективных направлений стратегического развития города Сухой Лог, а также ресурсный анализ и анализ информационного пространства города. Далее, предстояла разработка критериев перспективности стратегии продвижения города, а, на основе данной оценки, разработка примерной стратегии продвижения города Сухой Лог. / The purpose of the study: to identify and analyze existing strategies for promoting the city of Sukhoi Log and evaluate their prospects. To achieve it, the tasks were set: to analyze and define the concepts of promoting the territory, to consider the existing directions of the city’s promotion strategy, to search and analyze the perspective directions of the strategic development of the city of Sukhoi Log, as well as the resource analysis and analysis of the city’s information space. Further, the development of promising criteria for the strategy of promoting the city was to be developed, and, based on this assessment, the development of an approximate strategy for promoting the city of Sukhoi Log.

Export-led growth is important for a number of reasons. At a macro-economic level, it can create profit, allowing a country to balance its finances and manage its debt. Export-led growth can also lead to higher productivity and job creation. At a micro-economic level, exports and export-led growth lead to higher competitiveness and business growth. From an exporter’s perspective, however, participation in the global economy and export to new foreign markets bring with them the challenge of acquiring the required knowledge of an unknown market. Relevant information gathered has to be subjected to analysis and interpretation before it can be applied to strategic business decisions regarding the company and its market. This study proposes that Competitive Intelligence (CI) be used as an instrument to determine the types of export information that exporters require, as it focuses on exporters’ information requirements and enhances their competitiveness. The increasingly competitive business environment places increasing demands on Trade Promotion Organisations (TPOs) to make better use of resources available in order to tailor products and services to the needs of exporters. TPOs are amongst the main sources of information and export assistance for exporters. Other export information sources include publications and a variety of human sources. The assistance of TPOs can take the form of various export-promotion instruments, such as market research, trade fairs and business introductions. TPOs face various challenges, including that of scarce resources. Therefore, such resources must be utilised optimally and in order to achieve efficiency, Realistic Export Opportunities (REOs) need to be prioritised. This study stresses the importance of export diversification and the export of manufactured goods. Export diversification brings its own challenges including the question of which products to promote for export. The application of a Decision Support Model developed by Cuyvers et al. (1995:173) for South Africa identified a number of REOs. Amongst these was the export of South Africanmanufactured extruders to Tunisia. Against the background of the importance of export growth, the types of information that exporters use and the sources of such information were determined by means of a survey of extruder manufacturers, TPOs and users of extruders. With the export potential of extruders to Tunisia as an REO as focus, a market study was conducted using the case study research method. Results of the survey indicate that the only type of information that extruder manufacturers as potential new exporters in South Africa seek on a continuous basis is competitor information, specifically pricing information. However, the findings indicate that this is not typically the type of information supplied by TPOs in South Africa. Furthermore there is no evidence that extruder manufacturers have processes in place to monitor markets and competitors, or to identify key types of information. Concerning the case study, it was found that there is indeed a potential market for extruders in Tunisia and that the industries in which extruders are typically used are significant and growing. It was however also found that there are high trade barriers and high market concentration. Therefore, in terms of an export-promotion strategy for TPOs, an offensive exportpromotion strategy is proposed. In terms of further research, this study points to a need for research of this nature to extend to the wider capital equipment industry. It is further recommended that market profiles of the markets that show the most potential for specific products produced and manufactured in South Africa as evident from the results of Rossouw, Steenkamp, Viviers and Cuyvers (2010) be compiled. / Thesis (Ph.D. (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Export-led growth is important for a number of reasons. At a macro-economic level, it can create profit, allowing a country to balance its finances and manage its debt. Export-led growth can also lead to higher productivity and job creation. At a micro-economic level, exports and export-led growth lead to higher competitiveness and business growth. From an exporter’s perspective, however, participation in the global economy and export to new foreign markets bring with them the challenge of acquiring the required knowledge of an unknown market. Relevant information gathered has to be subjected to analysis and interpretation before it can be applied to strategic business decisions regarding the company and its market. This study proposes that Competitive Intelligence (CI) be used as an instrument to determine the types of export information that exporters require, as it focuses on exporters’ information requirements and enhances their competitiveness. The increasingly competitive business environment places increasing demands on Trade Promotion Organisations (TPOs) to make better use of resources available in order to tailor products and services to the needs of exporters. TPOs are amongst the main sources of information and export assistance for exporters. Other export information sources include publications and a variety of human sources. The assistance of TPOs can take the form of various export-promotion instruments, such as market research, trade fairs and business introductions. TPOs face various challenges, including that of scarce resources. Therefore, such resources must be utilised optimally and in order to achieve efficiency, Realistic Export Opportunities (REOs) need to be prioritised. This study stresses the importance of export diversification and the export of manufactured goods. Export diversification brings its own challenges including the question of which products to promote for export. The application of a Decision Support Model developed by Cuyvers et al. (1995:173) for South Africa identified a number of REOs. Amongst these was the export of South Africanmanufactured extruders to Tunisia. Against the background of the importance of export growth, the types of information that exporters use and the sources of such information were determined by means of a survey of extruder manufacturers, TPOs and users of extruders. With the export potential of extruders to Tunisia as an REO as focus, a market study was conducted using the case study research method. Results of the survey indicate that the only type of information that extruder manufacturers as potential new exporters in South Africa seek on a continuous basis is competitor information, specifically pricing information. However, the findings indicate that this is not typically the type of information supplied by TPOs in South Africa. Furthermore there is no evidence that extruder manufacturers have processes in place to monitor markets and competitors, or to identify key types of information. Concerning the case study, it was found that there is indeed a potential market for extruders in Tunisia and that the industries in which extruders are typically used are significant and growing. It was however also found that there are high trade barriers and high market concentration. Therefore, in terms of an export-promotion strategy for TPOs, an offensive exportpromotion strategy is proposed. In terms of further research, this study points to a need for research of this nature to extend to the wider capital equipment industry. It is further recommended that market profiles of the markets that show the most potential for specific products produced and manufactured in South Africa as evident from the results of Rossouw, Steenkamp, Viviers and Cuyvers (2010) be compiled. / Thesis (Ph.D. (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

The main goal of this thesis is to identify the differencies and specifics of arts marketing and then evaluate a strategy of specific project. The theoretical part introduce the culture, art and theater. The following section is focused on classical marketing always accompanied by specifics in the area of culture and art. The theory is then applied to a particular project and thesis is finished with marketing research aimed to identify the motivation to visit and percepiton's level of marketing tools by visiters.