Tez (Yüksek Lisans) - Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekstil Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, 2008. / Kaynakça var.

Flame retardant (FR) intumescent additives and montmorillonite (MMT) organoclay incorporated nylon-6 nanocomposite (FR-NC-PA6) fibers with a diameter of about 200 nm were fabricated by electrospinning. Before electrospinning, dispersion and exfoliation of the FR additive and MMT in nylon-6 were achieved by twin-screw extrusion. Tensile, TGA and UL-94 flammability tests were first performed using injection-molded bulk samples. The tensile modulus of FR-NC-PA6 was 45% higher than that of neat PA6, but tensile strength and elongation at break decreased by 23% and 98.7%, respectively. It is worth noting that although the TGA results show that FR-NC-PA6 has a slightly earlier decomposition temperature than neat PA6, it did not drip under fire and had the best rating (V-0) in UL 94 test, while neat PA6 is only rated as V-2. SEM and EDX of char residues after the UL 94 test clearly show the oxygen-rich protective char layer on the surface. These results indicate the advantage of using clay and FR additive in bulk-form PA6. Flammability of electrospun nanocomposite fibers was characterized by Micro-combustion calorimeter (MCC), a small-scale test to screen flammability of polymer materials. The MCC results show that the nano-fillers in both bulk and fiber form could effectively improve flame retardant properties of the material. Electrospun fibers had similar combustion properties as bulk materials. In addition to FR applications, superhydrophobic surface was another area that was explored using the electrospun nanocomposite fibers. Static water contact angle (WCA) test showed that samples with 5wt% clay even without plasma treatment greatly improved the WCA to 140°, probably due to the barrier effect of nanoclay platelets. Plasma treatment was used to modify the surface energy, further improving WCA to as high as 160°. However, fiber structure was partially etched away when overexposed to the plasma. This etching effect increased the surface roughness. Clay incorporated samples had higher level of surface roughness and better resistance to plasma etching compared to neat nylon 6. / text

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-03-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:51:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 menegucci_f_me_bauru.pdf: 2467289 bytes, checksum: a724035097b1349f0d7d989e664db698 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa trata da relação corpo-vestuário de proteção - ambiente, com o objetivo de evidenciar as principais demandas ergonômicas do vestuário de proteção para a aplicação de agrotóxicos com foco no conforto sensorial-tátil e conforto térmico. Para isto, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a Ergonomia, Vestuário e Conforto Sensorial-Tátil, Conforto térmico e Avaliação do Conforto Térmico e sobre os Materiais Têxteis abordando e comparando as propriedades das fibras, fios e tecidos para selecionar o mais indicado para compor o vestuário de proteção melhorando o desempenho dos produtos em relação ao conforto, segurança, proteção, facilidade de uso e manutenção. Na pesquisa, exploratória e descritiva, realizou-se a Avaliação do Conforto Térmico com base nas aferições das variáveis climáticas do ambiente selecionando, uma plantação de laranja, e nas variáveis individuais dos participantes, 04 (quatro) aplicadores de agrotóxico, para isto contou-se com o auxílio de um software específico e das respostas dos usuários para calcular o PMV, o PPD e as sensações térmicas subjetivas. Também foi realizada uma entrevista, com base no protocolo desenvolvido pela autora, que busca compreender a Relação Usuário x EPI, Relação do Usuários x Vestuário de Proteção e Relação Usuário x Camiseta Funcinoal em 100% poliamida. Os resultados salientaram a influência do vestuário no conforto térmico, sensorial-tátil e mobilidade dos usuários. Observou-se que a camiseta em 100% poliamida é adequada e eficiente para ser utilizada como vestuário interior melhorando o desempenho do vestuário de proteção e indicada para compor vestuários de alto desempenho / This research deals with the relationship between the body - perspective clothing - environment, aiming to hhighlight the main demands of ergonomic protective clothing for pesticide application with a focus on sensory-tactile comfort and thermal comfort. For this, was performed a bibliographical survey on Ergonomics, Clothing and Comfort, Sensory Tactile Comfort and Thermal Comfort Evaluation and focusing on the Textille Materials and comparing the properties of filbers, yarns and fabrics to select the most suitable to form the protective clothing to improve the performance of products in relation to comfort, safety, security, ease of use and maintenance. In the reserach, exploratory and descriptive, held on the Termal Comfort Evaluation based on measurements of climatic variables of the environment selected, an orange plantation, and the individual variables of the participants, 04 (four) pesticide applications, for it told with the aid of specific software and users' responses to calculate the PMV, PPD and subjective thermal sensations. Also an interview was conducted, based on protocol develop by the author, who seeks to understand the User x PPE, User x Protective Apparel and User x T--shirt Functional composed by 100% polyamide. The results highlighted the influence of clothing on thermal comfort, sensory-tactile and user mobility. It was observed that the t-shirt composed by 100% polyamide is efficient and suitable for use as underwear improving the performance of protective apparel and shown to form high-performance garments

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Design in the Faculty of Informatics and Design at Cape Peninsula University of Technology / This study highlights the preliminary findings of an investigation into ergonomic considerations in the design of women’s protective clothing. The study investigates the validity of an assumption that there is a dearth in the product offerings of women’s protective wear that are ergonomically designed with a good fit, and offer acceptable levels of comfort for women performing outdoors in the construction industry. The research employs a qualitative research method – including interviews with key actors such as women working in the construction industry, and manufacturers. Pertinent psychological and physiological factors relating to the current protective wear are also interrogated herein. For example, the unique morphological features associated with steatopygia and gynaeoid body types are common in the sub-region, and yet not fully accommodated in the design of contextresponsive work wear. The prevailing attitudes among selected manufacturers and suppliers to motivate them to offer superior products for women in the construction industry are explored. A higher adoption rate of the redesigned women’s protective wear could correlate to reductions in downtime associated with general occupational health and safety issues; as well as an impact of low levels of comfort, protection and garment fit. Similarly, the redesigned garments could inform the development of improved protective wear for women, and ultimately facilitate higher productivity in the work environment. Subsequently, a boosted self-confidence and higher levels of motivation occasioned by a positive body image of women workers would validate the efficacy of the intended ergonomic design intervention. Lastly, the thesis discusses sociotechnical strategies for generating high fidelity data for applications in new product development for women’s protective wear. Furthermore, the findings and recommendations are discussed herein; this is made possible by the data collected.

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Chan Cheung Shing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-90). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xii / Abbreviations and Notations --- p.xiii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Objective --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Contribution --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis Outline --- p.5 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- System Architecture --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Conceptual Design --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- Sensing Device and Fall-Detection Algorithm --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3 --- Mechanical Part --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Mechanical Design --- p.11 / Chapter 3.1 --- Similar Products --- p.11 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Airbag Restraining Systems in Automobiles --- p.11 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Airbag Jackets for Motorcycle and House Riders --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2 --- Mechanism adopted --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Time Requirement of Inflator --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Mechanism and Design --- p.13 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Actuator --- p.14 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Punch --- p.15 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Airbags --- p.18 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Other Mechanisms Tried --- p.19 / Chapter 3.3 --- Prototype --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Implementation --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Demonstration --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Inflation Estimation --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- Theory and Model --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2 --- Validation of Model --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Testing Equipment --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Preprocessing of Pressure Sensor Outputs --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Validation for Basic Equations --- p.29 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Adjustment of Discharge Coefficients --- p.36 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Validation for Discharging to a Fixed Volume --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Estimation of the Size of Airbag's Leakage Hole --- p.45 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Validation for Discharging to an Airbag --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2.8 --- Time Delay due to Addition of a Pipe --- p.52 / Chapter 4.3 --- Summary of Experiments --- p.53 / Chapter 4.4 --- Limitation of Model --- p.54 / Chapter 4.5 --- Prediction of Inflation Time and Airbag Pressure --- p.55 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Effects of Orifice Size and Vent Size on Airbag Pressure and Volume --- p.55 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Force Attenuation Estimation --- p.58 / Chapter 5.1 --- Theory and Model --- p.58 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Kelvin-Voigt Model --- p.59 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Standard Linear Solid Support Model --- p.59 / Chapter 5.2 --- Simple Testing for Validation --- p.61 / Chapter 5.3 --- Summary of Experiment --- p.64 / Chapter 5.4 --- Estimation --- p.64 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Force Attenuation Ability of Prototype --- p.64 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Minimum Airbag Volume and Pressure Required to Reduce the Force --- p.65 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Future Work --- p.66 / Chapter 6.1 --- Impact Test for Airbag System --- p.66 / Chapter 6.2 --- The Effective Mass of the Target User --- p.67 / Chapter 6.3 --- The Motion Data Collection --- p.68 / Chapter 6.4 --- Modification in the Inflator --- p.69 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.70 / Appendix A Review of Basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Dynamics --- p.72 / Chapter A.1 --- Thermodynamics --- p.72 / Chapter A.2 --- Fluid Mechanics: Incompressible and Compressible Flow --- p.75 / Appendix B Derivation of Equations --- p.77 / Chapter B.1 --- Mass Flow Rate Equations --- p.77 / Chapter B.2 --- Relationship between Rate of Changes of Airbag Pressure and Volume --- p.80 / Chapter B.3 --- Pressure Change of Compressed Gas Cylinder --- p.82 / Chapter B.4 --- Dominating Factors in the Mass Flow Rate Equation --- p.83 / Appendix C Dimensions of Inflator --- p.85 / Appendix D Experimental Data --- p.86