Cette thèse porte sur les espaces publics à Johannesburg, capitale économique de l’Afrique du Sud. Dans le contexte contemporain, l’utilisation de la notion occidentale d’espaces publics pose problème : d’une part, du fait des ségrégations passées qui ont eu tendance à faire de ces espaces des lieux de séparation et de mise à distance des différents publics ; et d’autre part, du fait des forts taux de violence et du fort sentiment d’insécurité, qui tendent à encourager la sécurisation et la privatisation de ces mêmes espaces. L’enjeu est alors de comprendre les éventuels processus de construction de la publicité (au sens de caractère public) de ces espaces, à la fois sur le plan juridique, social et politique. Pour ce faire, l’art qui se déploie dans les espaces juridiquement publics de la métropole depuis la fin de l’apartheid, est utilisé comme une clef de lecture privilégiée de ces phénomènes, en tant qu’il permettrait, ainsi que nous entendons le montrer, de créer des espaces de rencontre et de débats ou, à l’inverse, de mieux réguler et contrôler ces espaces. Selon une approche qualitative, notre étude se base à la fois sur des observations de terrain et sur des entretiens conduits auprès des producteurs mais aussi des récepteurs de cet art qui a lieu dans les espaces publics. A la croisée de la géographie urbaine et de la géographie culturelle, nous envisageons donc de réexaminer la notion d’espaces publics au prisme de l’art à Johannesburg en vue de saisir – entre tentative de normalisation et résistance à cette normalisation – quelle ville est aujourd’hui à l’œuvre non seulement à Johannesburg, mais aussi, à travers elle, dans d’autres villes du monde. / This Ph.D. thesis deals with public spaces in Johannesburg, the economic capital of South Africa. In the current context, the issues raised by the use of the western notion of public spaces are explored. On one hand, the previous segregations tended to mark off spaces into different publics completely separated from each other. On the other hand, the high rates of violence and sense of insecurity enhance securitization and privatization of these same spaces. What is at stake is to understand how the publicness of these spaces can be legally, socially, and politically built. In that framework, art spread in legally public spaces of Johannesburg since the end of apartheid is used as a tool to understand and reveal these phenomena since it is presented, as we aim at demonstrating, as a mean to create spaces of encounter and debate or, conversely, to regulate and control better these spaces. In a qualitative approach, our study is based on field observations and interviews with both producers and receivers of this art which takes place in public spaces. At the crossroads of urban geography and cultural geography, we are therefore re-examining the concept of public spaces through the prism of art in Johannesburg to figure out – between normalization and resistance to this normalization – which city is today at work not only in Johannesburg, but also, through her, in other cities of the world.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-12-03T11:28:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Geraldo Pereira Teixeira - 2015.pdf: 1681689 bytes, checksum: 0fb100a0c04b961fe3f95eb12de98a3f (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-04T07:03:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Geraldo Pereira Teixeira - 2015.pdf: 1681689 bytes, checksum: 0fb100a0c04b961fe3f95eb12de98a3f (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-04T07:03:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Geraldo Pereira Teixeira - 2015.pdf: 1681689 bytes, checksum: 0fb100a0c04b961fe3f95eb12de98a3f (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-26 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The study - The Time and the time of NGOs: a study of advisory practices carried out by Copatiorô in Xinguara / Para - is the result of research carried out in the line of research Education, Labor and Social Movements of the Graduate Program in Education FE / UFG, aiming to understand the practices of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Brazil, especially Copatiorô in Xinguara / Para. We seek to grasp the emergency, the transformations and the end of the trajectory of this organization, from 1990 to 2010. The aim was to analyze the articulation practices, advice and the composition of Copatiorô, relate their actions with the largest collection of NGOs front of the Brazilian reform process. To conduct the research used mainly to literature and document analysis. The latter was carried out in various documents of Copatiorô, public bodies, social organizations and institutions who advised or formed the frames of the cooperative, as APD-Ceris. Already the literature allowed us to analyze the NGOs under three distinct looks: from the academy, with authors such as Gohn (2001; 2005; 2011; 2013) and Scherer-Warren (1999); with Fernandes (2002) observed a theory grounded in the view of the NGOs themselves; and Cruz (2000, 2005) we find elements to analyze the NGOs from its meaning, its history and its social function within the reform of the Brazilian State. Moreover, in Bresser Pereira (1998) and Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1998), we find the foundations and assumptions of the current Brazilian government. Thus, we understand the Copatiorô as an actor and participant in the comprehensive reform of the state in Brazil, the role of NGOs and trends for these organizations in the current Brazilian scenario. / O estudo – A Hora e a vez das ONGs: um estudo das práticas de assessoria realizadas pela Copatiorô em Xinguara/Pará – é fruto da investigação realizada na linha de pesquisa Educação, Trabalho e Movimentos Sociais do Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação da FE/UFG, objetivando compreender as práticas das Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) no Brasil, especialmente a Copatiorô, em Xinguara/Pará. Buscamos apreender a emergência, as transformações e o fim da trajetória dessa organização, no período de 1990 a 2010. Buscou-se analisar as práticas de articulação, de assessoria e a composição da Copatiorô, assim como relacionar suas ações com o conjunto maior das ONGs frente ao processo de reforma do Estado brasileiro. Para efetivar a investigação utilizamos, principalmente, a pesquisa bibliográfica e a análise documental. Esta última foi realizada em diversos documentos da Copatiorô, de órgãos públicos, das organizações sociais e das instituições que assessoraram ou formaram os quadros da cooperativa, como APD-Ceris. Já a pesquisa bibliográfica nos permitiu analisar as ONGs sob três olhares distintos: a partir da academia, com autoras como Gohn (2001; 2005; 2011; 2013) e Scherer-Warren (1999); com Fernandes (2002) observamos uma teorização embasada na ótica das próprias ONGs; e em Cruz (2000; 2005) encontramos elementos para analisar as ONGs a partir do seu significado, de sua história e da sua função social dentro da reforma do Estado brasileiro. Além disso, em Bresser Pereira (1998) e Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1998), encontramos os fundamentos e pressupostos do atual Estado brasileiro. Desta forma, compreendemos a Copatiorô como ator e partícipe da ampla reforma do Estado no Brasil, a função das ONGs e as tendências para tais organizações no atual cenário brasileiro.