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Un musée des autres ? Discours de l'institution et co-constructions médiatiques / A museum of others ? Discourse of institution and media co-constructionsGrosjean, Lætitia 15 January 2016 (has links)
La thèse porte sur le discours institutionnel du Musée du Quai Branly (MQB) sous deux angles : la mise en oeuvre de l'interdisciplinarité déclarée entre anthropologie et histoire de l'art, et la manière dont le musée se propose d'être un lieu « où dialoguent les cultures », selon sa devise. La construction et la circulation du sens sont étudiées d’une part, en retraçant l’élaboration progressive du concept muséal à travers l'analyse de l’interaction entre les discours des acteurs institutionnels et les discours sociaux dans la presse (1996-2006) ; d’autre part, en travaillant sur le processus de médiation et de médiatisation des productions culturelles du MQB après son ouverture (2006-2013).La démarche proposée est une lecture-analyse socio-sémiotique de la communication muséale qui s’attache aux représentations de l’altérité, en s’appuyant sur une topique sociale du sens commun et une théorisation de la trivialité culturelle. Les méthodologies sont adaptées aux corpus complémentaires convoqués. Ainsi, un corpus de presse quotidienne (1996-2006) est étudié en analyse du discours au sein d'un moment discursif organisé dans un dispositif événementiel, des titres d'expositions temporaires (2006-2013) par une analyse inspirée de la sémantique interprétative, des affiches d'expositions (2006-2013) à partir d'une sémiotique visuelle ; enfin, cinq expositions temporaires (2011-2013) sont analysées en tant que discours expographiques mis en relation avec une circulation de textes (dossiers et communiqués de presse, pages du site internet, catalogues d'exposition et presse culturelle).La thèse identifie un processus d’idéologisation ; entre l'affirmation publique de son ethos préalable et son ethos en action, le MQB privilégie la reconnaissance esthétique de l’altérité ; c’est un musée du Nous qui met en scène les Autres, et qui sert d'outil de promotion de l'art. / The thesis focuses on the institutional discourse of the Quai Branly Museum (MQB) from two perspectives: the implementation of a declared interdisciplinarity between anthropology and art history, and the museum’s intention to be a place "where cultures dialogue", as its slogan has it. The study of the construction and circulation of meaning takes two forms: (1) an observation of the gradual development of the concept behind the museum, through analysis of the interaction between the discourse of institutional actors and the social discourses in the media (1996-2006); (2) a study of the mediation process and media coverage of MQB’s cultural productions after its opening (2006-2013). The proposed approach is a socio-semiotic reading-analysis of museum communication that looks into representations of otherness through the prisms of the social topos of common sense and a theorization of cultural triviality. The methodologies are adapted to the complementary corpora investigated. Thus, a daily news corpus (1996-2006) is studied using discourse analysis as a discursive moment contained in an event-type framework, titles of temporary exhibitions (2006-2013) by an analysis inspired by interpretative semantics, exhibition posters (2006-2013) by a visual semiotic, and finally, five exhibitions (2011-2013) are analyzed as expographic discourse linked to text circulation (press kits and press releases, website pages, exhibition catalogs and cultural press). The thesis shows that from the public assertion of its declared ethos to its ethos in action, the MQB is a museum of "us" which stages Others, serving as a tool for the promotion of art.
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Objets de patrimoine, objets de curiosité : Le statut des objets extra-occidentaux dans l’exposition permanente du musée du quai Branly / Between cultural heritage and curio : The status of objects from non-Western societies displayed in the Quai Branly Museum’s permanent exhibitionLesaffre, Gaëlle 16 November 2011 (has links)
La question du statut des objets issus des sociétés extra-occidentales conservés dans les musées occidentaux restait posée, jusqu’à récemment, dans les termes du paradigme construit au cours du vingtième siècle opposant le statut ethnographique au statut esthétique, et à partir d’une conception intrinsèque du statut des objets. La controverse suscitée par l’annonce du projet du musée du quai Branly au sein des communautés anthropologique et muséale en témoigne. Cette recherche propose de renouveler l’approche du statut des objets extra-occidentaux en adoptant une conception extrinsèque du statut des objets. Elle repose sur deux analyses sémiotiques successives de l’exposition permanente du musée du quai Branly. La première vise à analyser séparément et exhaustivement les registres médiatiques de l’espace, scriptovisuel et audiovisuel qui composent, avec le registre des objets, l’exposition ; la seconde à analyser, au sein d’un corpus restreint d’unités d’exposition, l’interaction des registres, dans le but final d’identifier les processus interprétatifs producteurs du sens des objets. L’objectif de cette double analyse consiste à vérifier que l’exposition permanente du musée du quai Branly assigne le statut d’objet de patrimoine aux objets issus des sociétés extra-occidentales qu’il conserve.La première partie de la thèse est consacrée à restituer la construction de la question de recherche, qui porte surle caractère patrimonial du statut des objets de musée extra-occidentaux, et à rendre compte des moyens méthodologiques mis en oeuvre pour y répondre. La deuxième partie, consacrée aux résultats de l’analyse séparée des registres, confirme que les marqueurs nécessaires à l’assignation du statut patrimonial des objets extra-occidentaux, les mondes d’origines ailleurs et muséaux, sont bien certifiés dans l’exposition. Elle montre également la mobilisation particulière du registre de l’espace. L’ensemble incite à formuler l’hypothèse que l’espace ne constitue pas un interprétant des objets, que les mondes d’origine ailleurs et muséaux occupent une place secondaire dans l’assignation du statut des objets et, finalement, que les objets sont les principaux interprétants des objets. Enfin, la troisième partie permet de vérifier que la certification de l’appartenance des objets à leur double monde d’origine est bien réalisée par le traitement muséal, l’exposition assigne donc bien le statut de patrimoine aux objets exposés, mais elle montre aussi que les éléments de la certification apparaissent comme secondaires, tandis que la production du sens des objets par la relation entre les objets favorise l’assignation d’un autre statut de l’objet : le statut de curiosité. En s’appuyant sur la production de la signification des objets par le dispositif d’exposition pour le visiteur, cette recherche permet de penser, plus largement, la capacité de l’exposition à proposer un discours neutre qui modifie son opérativité, et qui permet à l’institution muséale de se placer dans une posture de délégation du sens produit par l’exposition. / Until today, the question of the status of objects from non-Western societies preserved in Western museums wasraised, in terms of twentieth century paradigms which associated ethnographic and aesthetic status, and whichpresupposed objects to have an intrinsic status of their own. The controversy amongst anthropological andmuseum communities caused by the announcement of the Quai Branly museum project testifies to thesepresuppositions. This thesis aims to re-elaborate the approach to non-Western objects through an extrinsicapproach to their status. It rests on two subsequent semiotic analyses of the permanent exhibition of the QuaiBranly Museum. The first one analyzes separately and exhaustively the space, texts, pictures and audiovisualmaterial as media categories of the exhibition. The second one analyzes, in a restricted corpus of exhibitionunits, the interactions between different media categories with the goal of identifying the interpretative processeswhich produce the sense of the objects. The purpose of this double analysis is to verify whether the permanentexhibition of the Quai Branly Museum a heritage status to the objects from non-Western societies which itpreserves.The first part of the thesis presents the construction of the research question, focused on the heritage status ofnon-Western objects in museums, and explains the methods implemented to answer such a question. The secondpart, devoted to the results of the separate media categories’ analysis, confirms that the labels necessary to theassignment of heritage status to non-Western objects, the elsewhere world origin and museum world origin, areindeed present in the exhibition. It also shows the particular mobilization of space in the exhibition. Together,these two sections encourage us to theorize that space is not a mode of interpretation for objects, in that the“elsewhere” world origin and the museum world origin have but a secondary place in the assignment of objectstatus, while objects are themselves the main means for object interpretation. Finally, the third part verifies thatthe attestation of the objects’ double world of origin is effectively authenticated in the exhibition ; this sectionshows that, while the exhibition does assign a heritage status to the exhibits, the elements of authentification arenot necessary for the interpretation of the objects’ meaning, whereas the meaning produced by the relationshipbetween objects promotes the assignment of yet another object status : the status of curiosity. This thesis,focused on the production of object meaning for the visitor by means of the exhibition display, more broadlysuggests the exhibition’s ability to provide a neutral view which modifies its operativity, an ability which allowsthe museum to delegate the production of the object’s meaning to visitors.
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Itinerário, estudo estético e estilístico de uma escultura Dogon: \"figura hermafrodita\" do mestre de Yayé / Itinerary, aesthetic and stylistic study of a sculpture Dogon: \"hermaphrodite figure\" the master of Yayé.Guilherme Filho, Jair 30 September 2014 (has links)
A Escultura Dogon, produzida no Mali, ao noroeste do continente africano, constitui um dos mais importantes acervos das artes africanas, recolhidos a partir das Missões coloniais Etnológicas-Etnográficas coordenadas por Marcel Griaule desde 1931. ITINERÁRIO, ESTUDO ESTÉTICO E ESTILÍSTICO DE UMA ESCULTURA DOGON: \"FIGURA HERMAFRODITA\" DO MESTRE DE YAYÉ, trata da construção de uma análise dos estilos dessa arte estatuária assim como a análise específica sobre o percurso da peça em questão, desde o vilarejo de Yayé em Bandiagara, no Mali, até o acervo do museu du Quai Branly, na cidade de Paris, França. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi fortalecer os estudos sobre a Arte Africana no Brasil, contribuindo para o conhecimento da sociedade Dogon a partir de sua expressão artística, e como pensar a Arte Africana e a África a partir de sua produção estética. / The Dogon sculpture, produced in Mali, northwest of the african continent, is one of the most important collections of African art, collected from the Colonial Missions Ethnological-Ethnographic coordinated by Marcel Griaule since 1931. ITINERARY, AESTHETIC AND STYLISTIC STUDY OF A SCULPTURE DOGON \"HERMAPHRODITE FIGURE\" THE MASTER OF YAYÉ, is the construction of an analysis of styles such statuary as well as specific analysis on the route of the piece in question, from the village of Yayé in Bandiagara, Mali to the museum\'s collection du Quai Branly, in Paris, France. The objective of this research was to strengthen the studies on African Art in Brazil, contributing to the knowledge of the Dogon society from their artistic expression, and how to think African Art and Africa from its aesthetic production.
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Itinerário, estudo estético e estilístico de uma escultura Dogon: \"figura hermafrodita\" do mestre de Yayé / Itinerary, aesthetic and stylistic study of a sculpture Dogon: \"hermaphrodite figure\" the master of Yayé.Jair Guilherme Filho 30 September 2014 (has links)
A Escultura Dogon, produzida no Mali, ao noroeste do continente africano, constitui um dos mais importantes acervos das artes africanas, recolhidos a partir das Missões coloniais Etnológicas-Etnográficas coordenadas por Marcel Griaule desde 1931. ITINERÁRIO, ESTUDO ESTÉTICO E ESTILÍSTICO DE UMA ESCULTURA DOGON: \"FIGURA HERMAFRODITA\" DO MESTRE DE YAYÉ, trata da construção de uma análise dos estilos dessa arte estatuária assim como a análise específica sobre o percurso da peça em questão, desde o vilarejo de Yayé em Bandiagara, no Mali, até o acervo do museu du Quai Branly, na cidade de Paris, França. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi fortalecer os estudos sobre a Arte Africana no Brasil, contribuindo para o conhecimento da sociedade Dogon a partir de sua expressão artística, e como pensar a Arte Africana e a África a partir de sua produção estética. / The Dogon sculpture, produced in Mali, northwest of the african continent, is one of the most important collections of African art, collected from the Colonial Missions Ethnological-Ethnographic coordinated by Marcel Griaule since 1931. ITINERARY, AESTHETIC AND STYLISTIC STUDY OF A SCULPTURE DOGON \"HERMAPHRODITE FIGURE\" THE MASTER OF YAYÉ, is the construction of an analysis of styles such statuary as well as specific analysis on the route of the piece in question, from the village of Yayé in Bandiagara, Mali to the museum\'s collection du Quai Branly, in Paris, France. The objective of this research was to strengthen the studies on African Art in Brazil, contributing to the knowledge of the Dogon society from their artistic expression, and how to think African Art and Africa from its aesthetic production.
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