Skeletal muscles in broilers are generally characterised by pathological muscle damage, indicated by greater plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity, higher incidence of haemorrhages, lighter and less coloured breast muscles, compared with layers and traditional breeds of chicken. Muscle damage is further exacerbated by exposure to stressful conditions such as high ambient temperatures which results in a further decrease in the quality of broiler meat and leads to the production of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) meat. This growing incidence of poor quality poultry meat is causing substantial losses to the meat industry. However, in contrast to pork the genetics of poor muscle and meat quality in chicken is unknown. The present project was conducted to identify the underlying genetics of this low quality meat by using heat-stress as a tool to amplify muscle damage and expression of the relevant genes. Whole-genome expression studies in broiler and layer breast muscles were conducted before and after heat-stress and some phenotypic data were also recorded. From the gene expression studies, 2213 differentially expressed genes (P<0.05) were found. About 700 of these genes had no gene ontology (GO) terms associated with them for biological process or function. The significant gene set was analysed in BioLayout Express and interesting clusters of the genes, based on their positive correlation with each other, were selected for further investigation. Genes were grouped together in 6 different categories or clusters, on the basis of their expression pattern. The genes in the selected clusters were analysed in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software, for each category separately, and relevant biological pathways and networks for those genes were studied. Similarly, the genes filtered out by BioLayout Express at a Pearson threshold of 0.80 were also analysed in IPA separately and interesting pathways and networks were selected. From the pathways and networks analyses of these genes, it was discovered that genes involved in inflammatory, cell death, oxidative stress and tissue damage related functions were up-regulated in control broilers compared with control and similar to heat-stressed layers. After exposure to heat-stress the expression levels of these genes were further increased in broilers. These results led us to develop the hypothesis that breast muscles in broilers are under stress-related damage even under the normal rearing conditions. This hypothesis was tested by rearing the broilers birds at normal/conventional and comparatively low ambient temperature and its effects on breast muscle quality and meat quality were studied. Significant improvement of breast muscle redness was observed. Additionally substantial numerical improvements for other meat and muscle quality traits like breast muscle lightness and histopathology were observed. From the key positions of interesting significant pathways and networks, candidate genes were selected for further investigation. In total, 25 candidate genes were selected for SNP genotyping: 19 genes were selected from the interesting pathways and networks and 6 genes were selected on the basis of their GO terms. For each gene 4-5 SNPs were selected, where possible, that were present in exons and promoter regions of the candidate genes. The selected SNPs were genotyped for muscle and meat quality traits in 34 breeds of chicken and significant causative SNPs for each trait including plasma CK activity, pHi and pHu for breast muscles, colour (L*, a*, and b*) traits for breast and thigh muscles were found. These SNPs were responsible for explaining a moderate to high (15-55%) percentage of phenotypic variance for these traits. To our knowledge this is the first study in which gene-expression in chicken breast muscle was conducted in response to heat-stress and additionally, for the first time, a set of novel SNPs for all of these traits were identified. Some of the significant causative SNPs were lying in the protein coding sequences and some were present in the promoter regions of the candidate genes.

A preliminary trial to determine the effect of repeated freezing and thawing on beef striploins, showed that the effect of thawing on frozen non-aged beef significantly improved tenderness, flavour and acceptability, indicating that thawing had a similar effect to aging. In the subsequent study, 207 beef striploins were collected from the Southern Crossbreeding Project (SXB: 70 heifers grainfed for 80 days, 70 steers grainfed for 180 days), Davies Gene Mapping Project (DGM: 30 steers grainfed for 180 days) and also 37 Hanwoo striploins imported into Australia from Korea. SXB animals consisted of Hereford cross calves sired by Belgian Blue, Limousin, South Devon, Hereford, Angus, Wagyu and Jersey bulls. DGM animals consisted of purebred Limousins and Jerseys and Limousin by Jersey crosses. Sensory analysis of beef striploins involved semi-trained taste panel assessments, using nine-point category scales for initial and sustained juiciness, beef flavour, beef fat flavour, oily flavour, buttery flavour, chicken-skin flavour, corn flavour, grassy flavour and overall acceptability. Flavour acceptability was positively enhanced by increased levels of intramuscular fat (IMF%). Significant differences in breed were apparent for juiciness, beef flavour, buttery flavour and flavour acceptability, after adjusting data to a constant level of intramuscular fat, suggesting that some variation in flavour may be genetic. The Korean Hanwoo displayed a numerically higher intensity of chicken score and lower intensity of beef flavour. Australian cattle breeds differed in fatty acid composition between each other and also to that of the Korean Hanwoo. The latter had 57% mono-unsaturated fatty acids, which was significantly higher (P<0.001) than the Australian breeds (47%). Since IMF% was confounded with breed, breed differences were not significant when adjusted for IMF%. Jersey animals most closely resembled the Hanwoo in fatty acid profile, whilst animals containing Limousin differed markedly from the Hanwoo. A chemical sensor was able to establish significant differences between Korean Hanwoo and Australian animals and predominantly mirrored differences in fatty acid composition and to some extent flavour. Development of prediction equations from individual fatty acids was disappointing (R2< 15%). However, when fatty acid data, IMF% and chemical sensor data were combined to form prediction equations, moderate R2 values were obtained of (24% to 43%). / Thesis (M.Ag.Sc.)--School of Agriculture & Wine, 2001.

Submitted by CAROLINE DE AQUINO SOARES null (car.aquino@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-25T15:56:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao- Final Caroline Aquino-corrigida 25_04_16.pdf: 1952399 bytes, checksum: b1ff50ce3dec20d1ecdab3b0a55a9112 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-27T18:35:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_ca_me_ilha.pdf: 1952399 bytes, checksum: b1ff50ce3dec20d1ecdab3b0a55a9112 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:35:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_ca_me_ilha.pdf: 1952399 bytes, checksum: b1ff50ce3dec20d1ecdab3b0a55a9112 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / O estudo foi realizado em um frigorífico de suínos localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo. O objetivo foi avaliar a interferência da distância do transporte e do manejo pré-abate no frigorífico sobre as injúrias na carcaça e qualidade da carne suína. No primeiro experimento foram observadas as incidências de injúrias corporais (marcas de mordidas, feridas e hematomas) e escore de lesão na carcaça de 3.900 suínos provenientes de granjas comercias localizadas à distância de 150, 600 e 950 km do frigorífico de abate, perfazendo portanto 2, 8 e 14 horas de transporte. Para cada tempo de transporte foram considerados cinco lotes de cerca de 260 animais cada. O fato do tempo de transporte variar entre 2, 8 ou 14 horas de duração pouco interferiu na incidência de injúrias corporais ou lesões na carcaça dos suínos. O tempo de transporte só influenciou na ocorrência de feridas na região do dorso dos animais, com o maior percentual (P<0,05) desta injúria ocorrendo no transporte por 8 horas. Independentemente do tempo de transporte, os animais apresentaram diferentes injúrias distribuídas por todo o corpo e carcaças predominantemente com poucas lesões e com lesões leves, entretanto há indícios de que o maior tempo de transporte possa estar relacionado ao maior percentual de carcaças com lesões severas. No segundo experimento foram utilizados 960 animais provenientes de duas granjas comerciais, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, duas distâncias (185 e 958 km) e três formas de condução no frigorífico (manejo com bastão elétrico, manejo com uso restrito do bastão elétrico e manejo sem bastão elétrico). O efeito da distância de transporte e do manejo de condução de animais no frigorífico, com uso ou não do bastão elétrico, pouco interferiram no comportamento dos animais durante o período de descanso. Entretanto a eliminação do uso do bastão elétrico aumentou o tempo de manejo de deslocamento de animais no frigorífico, determinando, portanto, menor rendimento na linha de abate. A maior incidência de PSE esteve relacionada ao transporte de menor distância, enquanto o transporte por longa distância aumentou a incidência de DFD. / The study was conducted in a pig slaughterhouse located in the state of São Paulo. The aim was to evaluate the effect of distance transport and slaughterhouse's preslaughter management on injuries in the carcass and pork quality. In the first experiment were observed the incidences of bodily injuries (bite marks, wounds and bruises) and lesion score in the carcass of 3,900 pigs from commercial farms located at a distance of 150, 600 and 950 km of the slaughterhouse, representing 2, 8 and 14 hours of transportation. For each transport time it was considered five lots of approximately 260 animals each. The fact that the transport time range from 2, 8 or 14 hours little interfered in the incidence of bodily injuries or injuries in swine carcass. The transport time only influenced the occurrence of wounds on the animals back region, with the highest percentage (P<0.05) of this injury occurring in the 8 hours transport. Regardless of the time of transport, the animals showed different injuries distributed throughout the body and carcasses, predominantly few injuries and minor injuries, however there was evidence that the higher transport time can be related to the higher percentage of carcasses with severe injuries. In the second experiment were used 960 animals from two commercial farms, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 2 x 3, two distances (185 and 958 km) and three leading forms in the slaughterhouse (management with electric baton, management with restricted use of electric baton and management without electric baton). The effect of the distance of transportation and animal leading form in the slaughterhouse, using or not the electric baton, little interfered with the animals behavior during the rest period. However, the elimination of the electric baton increased the animals management displacement time in the slaughterhouse, determining lower yield on the slaughter line. The higher incidence of PSE was related to the transport of shorter distance, while transport by long distance increased the incidence of DFD.

Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-03-15T16:44:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA17MA212.pdf: 755428 bytes, checksum: 72b64e835e22e9356f3dea7f2684090f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T16:44:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA17MA212.pdf: 755428 bytes, checksum: 72b64e835e22e9356f3dea7f2684090f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-15 / Studies aiming at the characterization of the carcass and meat of cattle fed on grazing and feedlot systems used in the Santa Catarina State Region contribute to the characterization of the production and to the comparison of carcasses and meat from finished and grazing animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bovine termination systems on pasture in comparison to feedlot, on animal performance and carcass and meat quality of castrated Angus males on Planalto Catarinense. The work was carried out in the period from 12/10/2015 to 04/26/2016. One group of animals was finished under confinement for a period of 82 days, and the other group was finished in summer pasture consisting of millet (Pennisetum glaucum) for a period of 138 days. Twenty male Aberdeen Angus bulls were weaned and castrated at approximately seven months of age, divided into two uniform batches, based on paternal origin and live weight (mean ± 331 kg), distributed in a completely randomized experimental design . The animals of the experiment were weighed on a digital scale every 28 days to control weight gain. For weighing the animals were kept in water fasting and solids for an average of 12 hours, and measurements were performed early in the morning. At the beginning of treatments and before slaughter, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat between the 12 th and 13 th ribs (EGS) and the subcutaneous fat thickness in the picanha (EGP) were measured by means of ultrasonography in live animals. The groups were slaughtered when they reached minimum weight of 420kg and minimum EGS of 3mm. The time required for the animals to reach the goal of live weight and EGS for slaughter was 56 days higher in the pasture termination system when compared to the feedlot termination system. The animals in feedlot obtained a mean of 4.4 mm of subcutaneous fat and 6.3 mm of fat in the rumpcap in 82 days of feedlot, while the animals in pasture required 138 days of pasture finishing to obtain 3 and 4,3 mm Of subcutaneous fat and on picanha, respectively. The warm carcass weight (PCQ) and hot carcass pH (pHCQ) were similar between pasture and feedlot treatments, with averages of 232 kg and 6.72, respectively. The subcutaneous fat thickness in the carcass (EGSC) (+ 0.71 mm) and the depth of the muscle (PM) longissimus dorsis, (+ 0.85 cm) were higher in the animals finishing in feedlot when compared to the animals finished in grass, But the length area of the muscle (CM) longissimus dorsis (+ 1.5 cm) was higher in the pasture-terminated animals when compared to the other group. In relation to the softness, the confined animals had inferior values in comparison to the animals finished to grass (4,5 and 6,3 kgF / cm² respectively). Both groups reached similar weights but in different periods. Greater attention should be given to animals finishing the pasture to obtain an adequate carcass finish. Termination with annual summer pasture allows final live weight and carcass yields similar to animals finished in feedlot / Trabalhos que visam a caracterização da carcaça e da carne de bovinos terminados em sistemas a pasto quanto em confinamento utilizados na Região Serrana Catarinense, contribuem para caracterização da produção e para a comparação das carcaças e carne de animais terminados a pasto e em confinamento. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de sistemas de terminação bovina a pasto em comparação ao confinamento, sobre o desempenho animal e a qualidade de carcaça e carne de machos castrados da raça Angus no Planalto Catarinense. O trabalho foi realizado no período de 10/12/2015 a 26/04/2016. Um grupo de animais foi terminado sob regime de confinamento por um período de 82 dias, e o outro grupo foi terminado em pastagem de verão constituída por milheto (Pennisetum glaucum) por um período de 138 dias. Foram utilizados 20 bovinos, machos, da raça Aberdeen Angus, desmamados e castrados com aproximadamente sete meses de idade, divididos em dois lotes uniformes, em função da origem paterna e do peso vivo (média ± 331 kg), distribuídos num delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Os animais do experimento foram pesados em balança digital a cada 28 dias para controle do ganho de peso. Para as pesagens os animais eram mantidos em jejum hídrico e de sólidos por, em média, 12 horas, e as medidas eram realizadas no início da manhã. No início dos tratamentos e antes do abate, foram medidas a espessura de gordura subcutânea entre a 12ª e 13ª costela de (EGS) e a espessura de gordura subcutânea na picanha (EGP) realizadas por meio de ultrassonografia, nos animais vivos. Os grupos foram abatidos quando atingiram peso mínimo de 420kg e EGS mínima de 3mm. O período necessário para os animais atingirem a meta de peso vivo e EGS para o abate foi 56 dias superior no sistema de terminação a pasto quando comparado ao sistema de terminação em confinamento. Os animais em confinamento obtiveram em média 4,4 mm de gordura subcutânea e 6,3 mm de gordura na picanha em 82 dias de confinamento, enquanto os animais em pasto precisaram de 138 dias de terminação a pasto para obterem 3 e 4,3 mm de gordura subcutânea e na picanha, respectivamente. O peso de carcaça quente (PCQ) e o pH da carcaça quente (pHCQ) foram similares entre os tratamentos a pasto e confinamento, com médias de 232 kg e 6,72, respectivamente. A espessura de gordura subcutânea na carcaça (EGSC) (+ 0,71 mm) e a profundidade do músculo (PM) longissimus dorsis, (+ 0,85 cm) foram superiores nos animais terminados em confinamento quando comparados aos animais terminados em pasto, mas o comprimento área do músculo (CM) longissimus dorsis (+ 1,5 cm) foi superior nos animais terminados a pasto quando comparados ao outro grupo. Em relação à maciez, os animais confinados apresentaram valores inferiores em comparação aos animais terminados a pasto (4,5 e 6,3 kgF/cm² respectivamente). Ambos os grupos atingiram pesos semelhantes mas em diferentes períodos. Maior atenção deve ser dada a animais terminados a pasto para que obtenham adequado acabamento de carcaça. A terminação com pastagem anual de verão permite peso vivo final e rendimentos de carcaça semelhantes aos animais terminados em confinamento

Orientador: Rosemeire da Silva Filardi / Resumo: O estudo foi realizado em um frigorífico de suínos localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo. O objetivo foi avaliar a interferência da distância do transporte e do manejo pré-abate no frigorífico sobre as injúrias na carcaça e qualidade da carne suína. No primeiro experimento foram observadas as incidências de injúrias corporais (marcas de mordidas, feridas e hematomas) e escore de lesão na carcaça de 3.900 suínos provenientes de granjas comercias localizadas à distância de 150, 600 e 950 km do frigorífico de abate, perfazendo portanto 2, 8 e 14 horas de transporte. Para cada tempo de transporte foram considerados cinco lotes de cerca de 260 animais cada. O fato do tempo de transporte variar entre 2, 8 ou 14 horas de duração pouco interferiu na incidência de injúrias corporais ou lesões na carcaça dos suínos. O tempo de transporte só influenciou na ocorrência de feridas na região do dorso dos animais, com o maior percentual (P<0,05) desta injúria ocorrendo no transporte por 8 horas. Independentemente do tempo de transporte, os animais apresentaram diferentes injúrias distribuídas por todo o corpo e carcaças predominantemente com poucas lesões e com lesões leves, entretanto há indícios de que o maior tempo de transporte possa estar relacionado ao maior percentual de carcaças com lesões severas. No segundo experimento foram utilizados 960 animais provenientes de duas granjas comerciais, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, dua... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The study was conducted in a pig slaughterhouse located in the state of São Paulo. The aim was to evaluate the effect of distance transport and slaughterhouse's preslaughter management on injuries in the carcass and pork quality. In the first experiment were observed the incidences of bodily injuries (bite marks, wounds and bruises) and lesion score in the carcass of 3,900 pigs from commercial farms located at a distance of 150, 600 and 950 km of the slaughterhouse, representing 2, 8 and 14 hours of transportation. For each transport time it was considered five lots of approximately 260 animals each. The fact that the transport time range from 2, 8 or 14 hours little interfered in the incidence of bodily injuries or injuries in swine carcass. The transport time only influenced the occurrence of wounds on the animals back region, with the highest percentage (P<0.05) of this injury occurring in the 8 hours transport. Regardless of the time of transport, the animals showed different injuries distributed throughout the body and carcasses, predominantly few injuries and minor injuries, however there was evidence that the higher transport time can be related to the higher percentage of carcasses with severe injuries. In the second experiment were used 960 animals from two commercial farms, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 2 x 3, two distances (185 and 958 km) and three leading forms in the slaughterhouse (management with electric baton, management with r... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

A importância econômica da carne de aves conduziu extensivos esforços de seleção genética para aumentar o rendimento de peito de frangos de corte comerciais proporcionando músculos formados com o dobro de fibras musculares e com maior diâmetro. Esse aumento causou a incidências de alterações musculares peitorais denominadas de White Striping e Wooden Breast, conhecida respectivamente como estrias brancas e peito madeira. Foram utilizados 1.755 pintos de 3 linhagens (Cobb, Ross e Hubbard) distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 3X5 (três linhagens, cinco estratégias nutricionais) com nove repetições por tratamento, distribuídas em 135 boxes e densidade de 13 aves/m². Foram abatidas 1 ave por repetição aos 35, 42, 49 e 56 dias para as análises de desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e cortes, miopatias peitorais e composição nutricional do peito. As estratégias nutricionais (EN) foram: EN1 - desempenho regular, 500 FTU de fitase; EN2 - desempenho superior, 500 FTU de fitase; EN3 - desempenho superior, 1500 FTU; EN4 - desempenho superior, 500 FTU, complexo antioxidante; EN5 - desempenho superior, 1500 FTU, complexo antioxidante. Entre as linhagens, Ross predominou com o maior consumo de ração com 21, 49 e 56 dias e maior peso médio em todas as idades. A linhagem Hubbard que prevaleceu com a menor conversão alimentar aos 49 e 56 dias de idade. Para rendimento de carcaça Cobb e Ross foram superiores ao Hubbard com 35 dias e predominaram maior rendimento de peito entre as idades de abate. Hubbard obteve maior rendimento de pernas em todas as idades. Para consumo de ração, peso médio e conversão alimentar por EN, o consumo de ração só apresentou diferença significativa entre as EN nas fases iniciais (8-21 dias) e finais (50-56 dias). Quando observado o peso médio, a EN 5 teve o maior peso em todas as idades. O menor peso foi para as aves da EN 1 em todas as idades. Na análise de conversão percebe-se que a EN 1 teve a maior conversão nas fases: inicial (8-21 dias), crescimento (22-49 dias) e final (50-56 dias). EN 5 obteve a menor conversão alimentar na fase inicial e final. Não houve diferença significativa para incidência de White Striping em todas as idades entre linhagens. Para Wooden Breast (WB), houve diferença significativa entre as linhagens com 42, 49 e 56 dias de idade, onde Cobb prevaleceu com maior incidência nessas idades. Ross obteve junto ao Cobb as maiores incidências com 49 e 56 dias. Não houve diferença significativa entre White Striping e Wooden Breast entre as estratégias nutricionais. Para composição química do peito das aves entre as linhagens, observa-se que só houve diferença significativa para extra etéreo (EE) com 49 dias de idade, onde Cobb e Ross tiveram o maior percentual. Entre as estratégias nutricionais não houve diferença significativa para composição nutricional do peito. Há diferença significativa entre Cobb, Ross e Hubbard para desempenho e rendimento, o que afetam a incidência das miopatias peitorais. No entanto, entre as estratégias nutricionais não observou diferença significativa para incidências de White Striping e Wooden Breast. / The economic importance of poultry meat led extensive genetic selection efforts to increase breastfeeding of commercial broilers by providing muscles formed with twice the muscle fibers and with larger diameter. This increase caused incidences of pectoral muscle changes called White Striping and Wooden Breast, known respectively as white striations and chest wood. A total of 1,755 chicks (Cobb, Ross and Hubbard) were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 3X5 factorial arrangement (three lines, five nutritional strategies) with nine replicates per treatment, distributed in 135 boxes and density of 13 birds / m². One bird per replicate was slaughtered at 35, 42, 49 and 56 days for analyzes of performance, carcass yield and cuts, pectoral myopathies and nutritional composition of the breast. The nutritional strategies (EN) were: EN1 - regular performance, 500 FTU of phytase; EN2 - superior performance, 500 FTU of phytase; EN3 - superior performance, 1500 FTU; EN4 - superior performance, 500 FTU, antioxidant complex; EN5 - superior performance, 1500 FTU, antioxidant complex. Among the lineages, Ross predominated with the highest feed intake at 21, 49 and 56 days and highest mean weight at all ages. The Hubbard strain prevailed with the lowest feed conversion at 49 and 56 days of age. For carcass yield Cobb and Ross were superior to Hubbard with 35 days and had a higher breast yield between the slaughter ages. Hubbard obtained higher leg yield at all ages. For feed intake, mean weight and feed conversion by EN, feed intake only showed a significant difference between the early (8-21 days) and the late (50-56 days). When the average weight was observed, EN 5 had the highest weight in all ages. The lowest weight was for birds of EN 1 at all ages. In the conversion analysis, it was observed that EN 1 had the highest conversion in the phases: initial (8-21 days), growth (22-49 days) and final (50-56 days). EN 5 obtained the lowest feed conversion in the initial and final phases. There was no significant difference in the incidence of White Striping at all ages between strains. For Wooden Breast (WB), there was a significant difference between the 42, 49 and 56 days old strains, where Cobb prevailed with higher incidence at these ages. Ross obtained the highest incidences with Cobb at 49 and 56 days. There was no significant difference between White Striping and Wooden Breast between nutritional strategies. It was observed that there was only a significant difference for fat at 49 days of age, where Cobb and Ross had the highest percentage. Among nutritional strategies there was no significant difference in the nutritional composition of the breast. There is a significant difference between Cobb, Ross and Hubbard for performance and yield, which affect the incidence of pectoral myopathies. However, among the nutritional strategies did not observe significant difference for incidences of White Striping and Wooden Breast.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:48:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cleison_de_Souza.pdf: 1475134 bytes, checksum: 9e2a396d9018cd92e2a098c15c6e15d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study was accomplished with the objective of determine the chemical composition, the energy values and evaluate the inclusion of crude glycerin (CG) on the performance, blood parameters, carcass characteristics and quality of broiler bed. For that two metabolism trials were accomplished, where in both birds were distributed in a completely randomized design with a reference diet (0% CG) and three test diets (substitution 5, 10 and 15% of the RR per CG), totaling four treatments with five replicates, ten birds per experimental unit in the first trial and five birds in the second. In the first trial 200 male Cobb-500 broiler chicks (11-to-21 days old) were used. In the second trial, 100 male Cobb-500 broiler chicks (31-to-41 days old) were used. The trial period lasted ten days, five days of adaptation and five days of collect. Subsequently the samples of feces were dried in forced-air oven at 55°C, subjected to analysis of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE) and nitrogen. After, the energy values by Matterson method and the Adeola were determined. The chemical composition of CG was 90.3% DM, 88.1% glycerol, 0.20% crude protein, 3,591 kcal kg-1 of GE, 3.76% methanol, 5.3% of raw mineral oil, 0.98% sodium, 0.03% potassium in the natural matter. The mean values of apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn), metabolization coefficient of EB (CMAGE) and corrected for nitrogen balance (CMAGEn) CG, in natural matter, for the phase from 11 to 21 days by Matterson method were 2,408 kcal kg-1, 2,397 kcal kg-1, 67.06% and 66.74%, respectively. In the phase 31 to 41 days of age, were 2,479 kcal kg-1, 2,452 kcal kg-1, 69.02% and 62.24%, respectively. According to Adeola method, AMEn value estimated was 2,505 kg-1 kcal for the trial I and 2,431 kcal kg-1 for test II. In trial of performance the birds were distributed in a completely randomized design. Six treatments (GB inclusion levels: 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9%) were used in the initial phase, eight replicates and 22 birds per experimental unit. In the growth phase each treatment used in the initial phase was dismembered in two treatments. For evaluation of blood parameters at 21 and 42 days old, four birds each were fasted for 6 hours, for blood brachial puncture. At 42 days old, four birds per treatment were slaughtered to determine carcass yield, breast, thigh, drumstick, wing, back, liver, gizzard and abdominal fat, determination of carcass composition and evaluation of meat quality. The inclusion of 5, 7 and 9 GB% resulted in a higher weight average end (WAE) and weight gain (WG) compared to the control at the stage of 1 to 21 days of age. The group that received CG total period (1-42 days) showed higher WAE and WG, and lower feed intake and feed conversion compared with the group receiving only CG up to 21 days old. By F test, differences were observed for cholesterol and ALT, and the group that received dietary CG to 21 showed the highest concentration compared to birds that received up to 42 days. From 1 to 21 days of age and total period (1 to 42 days), the crude glycerin can be included in the diets of broiler chickens to the level of 9% / Esse estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar a composição química, os valores energéticos e avaliar a inclusão de glicerina bruta (GB) sobre o desempenho, parâmetros sanguíneos, características de carcaça e qualidade da cama de frangos de corte. Para isso foram realizados dois ensaios de metabolismo e um de desempenho. Nos ensaios de metabolismo as aves foram distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com uma ração referência (0% de GB) e três rações testes (substituição de 5, 10 e 15% da RR por GB), totalizando quatro tratamentos, com cinco repetições, dez aves por unidade experimental no primeiro ensaio e cinco aves no segundo. No ensaio I foram utilizados 200 pintos de corte machos, de 11 a 21 dias de idade, já no ensaio II utilizou-se 100 pintos de corte machos, de 31 a 41 dias de idade. O período experimental teve duração de dez dias, sendo cinco dias de adaptação e cinco dias de coleta. Posteriormente, as amostras de excreta foram secas em estufa de circulação forçada de ar a 55ºC, submetidas à análise de matéria seca (MS), energia bruta (EB) e nitrogênio. Após, foram determinados os valores energéticos pelo método de Matterson e o de Adeola. A composição química da GB foi de 90,3% de MS, 88,1% de glicerol, 0,20% de proteína bruta, 3.591 kcal kg-1 de EB, 3,76% de metanol, 5,3% de matéria mineral, 0,98% de sódio, 0,03% de potássio, na matéria natural. Os valores médios de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), EMA corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn), coeficiente de metabolizabilidade da EB (CMAEB) e o corrigido para o balanço de nitrogênio (CMAEBn) da GB, na matéria natural, para a fase de 11 a 21 dias pelo método de Matterson foram de 2.408 kcal kg-1, 2.397 kcal kg-1, 67,06% e 66,74%, respectivamente. Na fase de 31 a 41 dias, foram de 2.479 kcal kg-1, 2.452 kcal kg-1, 69,02% e 62,24%, respectivamente. Segundo o método de Adeola, o valor de EMAn estimado foi 2.505 kcal kg-1 para o ensaio I e 2.431 kcal kg-1 para o ensaio II. No experimento de desempenho, as aves foram distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram utilizados seis tratamentos (seis níveis de inclusão de GB: 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 e 9%) na fase inicial, oito repetições e 22 aves por unidade experimental. Na fase de crescimento, cada tratamento utilizado na fase inicial foi desmembrado em dois tratamentos. As análises de colesterol, triglicerídeos (TAG), glicose, bilirubina total, creatinina, aspartato aminotransferase (AST), alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e GamaGT do sangue foram realizadas aos 21 e 42 dias. Aos 42 dias de idade, quatro aves por unidade experimental foram abatidas para determinação do rendimento de carcaça, peito, coxa, sobrecoxa, asa, fígado, moela, porcentagem de gordura abdominal, determinação da composição de carcaça e avaliação da qualidade da carne. A inclusão de 5, 7 e 9% de GB proporcionou um melhor ganho de peso (GP), em comparação ao tratamento controle na fase de 1 a 21 dias de idade. O grupo que recebeu GB no período total (1 a 42 dias) apresentou maior GP, e menor consumo de ração e melhor conversão alimentar comparado ao grupo que recebeu GB só até os 21 dias de idade. Pelo Teste F, foram observadas diferenças para o colesterol e ALT, sendo que o grupo que recebeu GB na dieta até os 21 apresentou maior concentração, quando comparados às aves que receberam até os 42 dias. Na fase de 1 a 21 dias de idade e no período total (1 a 42 dias), a glicerina bruta pode ser incluída nas dietas de frangos de corte até o nível de 9%