A floating quay container terminal is used for loading or unloading from container ships from both sides of a floating quay. The side-by-side Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) offloading operation from floating terminals to LNG carriers is very similar to that from super-container ships to floating quay-walls. The hydrodynamic interaction effects among a fixed quay, container ship and floating quay, which are parallel to one another, are investigated. The three body side-by-side arrangement is compared with the individual freely floating body in the absence/presence of the fixed quay to identify the interaction effects. Hydrodynamic coefficients of the interacting bodies are obtained using a three dimensional constant panel method, WAMIT. Using a vessel-lines coupled dynamic analysis computer program WINPOST, the relative motion between floating quay and container ship is simulated in time domain. It is assumed in the present study that the floating quay is positioned by a dolphin mooring system. This analysis provides the relative motion among container ship, fixed and floating quay to ascertain that container loading and offloading can be performed in the severe wave condition without any problem.

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The most important issue at a container terminal is to minimize the ship’s turnaround time which is determined by the productivities of quay cranes (QCs). The tandem lift quay cranes have 33% higher productivities than single lift QCs. However, the tandem lift operations bring new challenges to the vehicle dispatching at terminals and this has become a big issue in the application of tandem lift QCs. The vehicle dispatching at terminals is to enhance the QCs’ productivities by coordinating the QCs’ operation schedules and the vehicles’ delivery schedules. The static version of the problem can be formulated as an MILP model and it is a combinational optimization problem. When the type of QC is tandem lift, the problem becomes more complicated because it requires two vehicles side by side under the QC. Thus, the alignments of vehicles have to be considered by coordinating the delivery schedules between vehicles. On the other hand, because the containers are operated alone by the yard cranes, the vehicles could not be grouped and dispatched in pairs all the time. This dissertation investigates the static and dynamic version of the problem and proposes heuristic methods to solve them. For the static version, Local Sequence Cut (LSC) Algorithm is proposed to tighten the search space by eliminating those feasible but undesirable delivery sequences. The time windows within which the containers should be delivered are estimated through solving sub-problems iteratively. Numerical experiments show the capability of the LSC algorithm to find competitive solutions in substantially reduced CPU time. To deal with the dynamic and stochastic working environment at the terminal, the dissertation proposes an on-line dispatching rule to make real-time dispatching decisions without any information of future events. Compared with the longest idle vehicle rule, the proposed priority rule shortens the makespan by 18% and increases the QCs’ average productivities by 15%. The sensitivity analysis stated that the superiority of the priority rule is more evident when the availability of vehicles is not sufficient compared with the frequency of releasing transportation requests.

<p>Denna uppsats behandlar innerstadens kajer i Stockholm. Syftet är att analysera hur innerstadens kajer fungerar som offentliga rum och hur de uppfattas av stadens invånare. Källmaterialet består till stor del av plandokument samt av intervjuer med både tjänstemän och stadens invånare.  En fallstudie vid en av innerstadens kajer har genomförts för att på ett tydligare sätt förstå kajernas dynamik. Resultaten från uppsatsen visar att planeringen kring kajområdena är splittrad och uppdelad mellan många olika instanser. Denna uppdelning tycks ge kajerna dess fysiska och psykiska utseende som antingen uppskattas eller ogillas av stadens invånare. Som offentliga rum fungerar kajerna på flera sätt, bland annat finns en osäkerhet och en kamp om rummet vilket skapar en dynamik som gör platserna levande och fungerande.</p>

Denna uppsats behandlar innerstadens kajer i Stockholm. Syftet är att analysera hur innerstadens kajer fungerar som offentliga rum och hur de uppfattas av stadens invånare. Källmaterialet består till stor del av plandokument samt av intervjuer med både tjänstemän och stadens invånare.  En fallstudie vid en av innerstadens kajer har genomförts för att på ett tydligare sätt förstå kajernas dynamik. Resultaten från uppsatsen visar att planeringen kring kajområdena är splittrad och uppdelad mellan många olika instanser. Denna uppdelning tycks ge kajerna dess fysiska och psykiska utseende som antingen uppskattas eller ogillas av stadens invånare. Som offentliga rum fungerar kajerna på flera sätt, bland annat finns en osäkerhet och en kamp om rummet vilket skapar en dynamik som gör platserna levande och fungerande.

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Oceânica, Escola de Engenharia, 2005. / Submitted by Lilian M. Silva (lilianmadeirasilva@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-24T21:08:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Remodelação de obras portuárias fundações em estacas mistas no porto Novo do Rio Grande.pdf: 4211844 bytes, checksum: f74687913f7ccb9fd3b84d92bf2b6138 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2013-06-13T18:45:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Remodelação de obras portuárias fundações em estacas mistas no porto Novo do Rio Grande.pdf: 4211844 bytes, checksum: f74687913f7ccb9fd3b84d92bf2b6138 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-13T18:45:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Remodelação de obras portuárias fundações em estacas mistas no porto Novo do Rio Grande.pdf: 4211844 bytes, checksum: f74687913f7ccb9fd3b84d92bf2b6138 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Um porto é um sistema dinâmico, que cresce e sofre mudanças. Quando o tipo de carga ou o modo de transportá-la muda, o porto necessita ser modernizado para ser adaptado a essas mudanças. E por estar sujeito a um ambiente extremamente severo e a condições de serviço bastante pesadas, um programa constante de manutenção e reparo precisa ser conduzido pelas autoridades portuárias. Neste contexto, esta dissertação apresenta diversas opções de projeto e métodos de execução para serem utilizados na recuperação, remodelação ou modernização das mais diferentes estruturas de atracação. Além disso, são apresentados dois casos em particular. O primeiro trata-se da recuperação do Cais do Porto Velho do Rio Grande, onde se aponta as providências emergenciais já tomadas e indicam-se soluções que podem ser empregadas de maneira definitiva para a completa recuperação do cais de gravidade, que localiza-se no Centro Histórico da cidade. O outro caso particularmente estudado, é a obra de remodelação do cais do Porto Novo do Rio Grande. Neste segmento deu-se maior ênfase a uma análise das estacas do mar do novo cais, objetivando avaliá-las e obter conclusões sobre sua segurança. Para isto, foram aplicados Métodos Dinâmicos(Fórmulas Dinâmicas) e Método Estático (Método de Aoki e Velloso) para a previsão da capacidade de carga. Foram feitas análises de ensaios Dinâmicos (Equação da Onda) com variação de energia a fim de comparar o comportamento observado com os valores previstos. De um modo geral, foram obtidos valores médios aceitáveis para os coeficientes de segurança adotados. Por fim, procedeu-se a análise estatística dos resultados de capacidade de carga obtidos através da verificação do desempenho pelo emprego de 3 metodologias: pelo conceito de Resistência Característica, pelo conceito de Coeficiente de Segurança Global e pelo Conceito de Probabilidade de Ruína, com o intuito de complementar o estudo sobre a resistência e a integridade do elemento estrutural e a resistência do solo. Ficou comprovado que as estacas suportarão satisfatoriamente a carga de projeto, inclusive absorvendo-a somente pelo fuste, o que ocasiona coeficientes de segurança aceitáveis para o estaqueamento. / A harbor is a dynamic system that grows and passes by changes. When a kind of cargo or a way of transporting them changes, the harbor needs to be updated to be adequated to these variations. And being exposed to an environment extremely severe and to so hard work conditions, a constant program of maintenance and restoration needs to be conducted by port authorities. In this context, this dissertation shows several options of projects and methods of executions to be applied in rehabilitation, remodeling and updating of the most different structures of docking. Besides, two cases are specially presented. The first one is related to the rehabilitation of the Old Port Pier of Rio Grande, where it is pointed the emergencial providences already taken and solutions are indicated to be applied in a definitive way to a complete recuperation of the quay wall, that is located at the Historical Center of the city. The other case specially studied, is the remodeling building of the New Port Pier of Rio Grande. In this segment, it was given greater emphasis to an analysis of the new pier sea piles objecting to evaluate them and obtain conclusions about its security. For this, Dynamic Methods were applied (Dynamic Formulae) end Static Method (Aoki and Velloso Method) to the bearing capacity prevision. Dynamic Essay analyses were made (Wave Equation) with energy variation in order to compare the observed behavior with the foreseen values. In a general way, it was obtained the acceptable mean values for the adopted security coefficient. At last, it was been done the statistical analysis on the bearing capacity results obtained through the examination performance by applying three methodologies: by the Characteristic Resistance Concept, by Global Security Coefficient Concept and by the Failure Concept, intending to complement the study about the resistance and integrity of the structural element and the ground resistance. It has been proved that the piles will support satisfactorily the project charge, as well as absorbing it only by the shaft, occurring acceptable security coefficient for the stacking.

Cíle diplomové práce jsou popsat procesy probíhající v kontejnerovém přístavním terminálu, vytvořit přehled rozhodovacích problémů vznikajících v kontejnerovém přístavním terminálu z hlediska úrovně jejich typu řízení a plánování (strategické, taktické a operativní) a formulovat vybrané rozhodovací problémy a matematicky je analyzovat.

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As a comparative study, the global performance of two cases for a floating harbor system are researched by numerical analysis and compared with results from experiments: one is a two-body case such that a floating quay is placed next to a fixed quay, a normal harbor, and the other is a three-body case such that a container ship is posed in the middle of the floating quay and the fixed quay. The numerical modeling is built based on the experimental cases. Mooring system used in the experiments is simplified to sets of linear springs, and gaps between adjacent bodies are remarkably narrow as 1.3m~1.6m with reference to large scales of the floating structures; a water plane of the fixed quay is 480m×160m, and the ship is 15000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit) class. With the experiment-based models, numerical analysis is implemented on two domains: frequency domain using a three dimensional constant panel method, WAMIT, and time domain using a coupled dynamic analysis program of moored floating structures, CHARM3D/HARP. Following general processes of the two main tools, additional two calibrations are implemented if necessary: revision of external stiffness and estimation of damping coefficients. The revision of the external stiffness is conducted to match natural frequency of the simulation with that of the experiment; to find out natural frequencies RAO comparison is used. The next, estimation of damping coefficients is carried out on time domain to match the responses of the simulation with those of the experiment. After optimization of the numerical analysis, a set of experimental results from regular wave tests is compared with RAO on frequency domain, and results from an irregular wave test of the experiment are compared with response histories of simulation on time domain. In addition, fender forces are compared between the simulation and experiment. Based on response histories relative motions of the floating quay and container ship are compared. And the floating harbor system, the three-body case, is compared with a conventional harbor system, a fixed quay on the portside of the container ship, in terms of motions of the container ship. As an additional simulation, the three-body case is investigated on an operating sea state condition. From the present research, the experimental results are well matched with the numerical results obtained from the simulation tools optimized to the experiments. In addition, the floating harbor system show more stable motions of the container ship than the conventional harbor system, and the floating harbor system in the operating sea state condition have motions even smaller enough to operate in term of relative motions between the floating quay and the container ship.

In this study, new design approaches are introduced for the seismic design of block type quay walls after reviewing the conventional methodologies. Within the development of the new design approaches an inverse triangular dynamic pressures distributions are applied to define both seismic earth pressures and seismic surcharge pressures. Differently from the conventional design methodology, the hydrodynamic forces are taken into consideration while dynamic forces are specified and equivalent unit weight concept is used during the both static and dynamic calculations Compatibility of this new design approaches are tested by case studies for the site and it is seen that the numerical results are in good agreement qualitatively with field measurements.