Block type quay walls are commonly used as berthing structures both in Turkey and worldwide. In this study, stability analysis of block type quay wall is carried out using pseudo-static method. A computer program named QSAP (using Excel spreadsheet) has been developed for the design of block type quay walls. QSAP has been prepared based on the rules of Turkish Seismic Design Codes for Coastal Structures, 2008. Reliability of this program is verified by a comparative study of Derince Port block type quay wall, damaged in Marmara earthquake (1999), with manual solution and field measurements. A newly introduced placement methodology &ldquo / Knapsack&rdquo / is also studied with QSAP and the results are compared with the conventional placement method.

A comprehensive study on berth and quay crane scheduling problems at container terminals at seaports is provided. Problems related to both multi-user terminals, where the terminal operator and liner carriers are different parties, and dedicated terminals, where liner carriers lease the terminal, are considered. A lower bound and an effective meta-heuristic algorithm are proposed for a dynamic variant of the Berth Allocation Problem (BAP). The Multiple Berth Allocation Problem (MBAP) is also introduced. Different crane scheduling methods used by terminal operators are analyzed and a tabu search algorithm is designed for a new variant of the Quay Crane Scheduling Problem (QCSP). The Simultaneous Berth and Quay Crane Scheduling Problem (BQCSP) is introduced with a lower bound analysis and an efficient solution method. A computational analysis is performed which exposes the substantial benefit of simultaneous planning over the hierarchical approach currently used by terminal operators. The tactical level Voyage and Berth Scheduling Problem (VBSP) is defined and a mathematical model based on multi-commodity network flow is presented. Constraints related to transshipments, terminal time windows and service level requirements are incorporated into the model, and how to modify instance data to increase schedule reliability is discussed.

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This thesis examines the pivotal role of port infrastructure in supporting offshore wind project development, with a focus on the strategic significance of port operation and storage. This study addresses the challenges of evaluating port area demand, complicated by the intricate and dynamic nature of the construction and logistical operations associated with offshore wind development. Through a comprehensive approach that includes a literature review on diverse roles of ports, analysis of port operations for key turbine components, and formulation of an assessment model to estimate port area demand, this research offers insights into the logistical and operational needs of ports in the offshore wind sector. A significant highlight of this study is the consideration of the temporal influence on port demand, a crucial factor stemming from the continuous loading and unloading activities at the port. In addition to port terminal area, hard criteria such as water depth, quay length, and load-bearing capacity are also examined. The findings underscore the connection between port infrastructure and the efficient operation of offshore wind farms. It highlights the need for synchronized coordination between the transport rate of components and offshore installation activities, to meet the specific demands of port infrastructure. Furthermore, the thesis explores these findings in the context of port development, identifying key requirements, challenges, and opportunities within the sector and offering a forward-looking perspective on the industry. This perspective considers the emerging trends, technological advancements, and innovative practices in offshore wind and their implications for port development. In conclusion, the research emphasizes the critical importance of understanding and meeting port specification requirements for the successful execution of offshore wind projects. It calls for continuous research and development efforts to improve the accuracy of estimating port infrastructure enhancement needs, in support of the growing offshore wind industry.

Notre travail s’intéresse à un cas très particulier des terminaux à conteneurs, il s’agit des terminaux à conteneurs automatisés, qui en plus des véhicules autoguidés, sont équipés de grues de quai et de grues de stockage automatiques (grues de cour), ce qui pousse souvent les scientifiques à considérer les problèmes d’ordonnancement intégré dans les terminaux automatisés ou semi-automatisés. Nous traitons dans ce travail l’optimisation de plusieurs objectifs pour stocker les conteneurs d'une manière efficace et réaliste. Nous traitons le problème d’ordonnancement intégré considérant les trois équipements d’un terminal à conteneurs automatisé soient: les véhicules autoguidés, les grues de quai et les grues de baie (éventuellement). L’objectif principal de cette étude est la minimisation du coût opérationnel de stockage de conteneurs dans un terminal maritime automatisé / AIn our study, we consider two optimization problems in automated container terminals at import; the first is the vehicle scheduling problem; and the second is the integrated problem of location assignment and vehicle scheduling. In the first part of our study, we propose different traffic layout adapted to the two studied problems and to every kind of automated container terminal. We also introduce relevant reviews of literature treating the optimization of container handling systems at maritime terminal, the optimization of general automated guided vehicle system and the multi-objective optimization in general, and in particular context of maritime container terminals. In the second part, we resolve the planning of QC-AV-ASC (Quay Cranes-Automated Vehicles - Automated Stacking Cranes). We present an effective model for every kind of traffic layout. Moreover, we propose an efficient bi-objective model which is important to determine the optimal storage time and the minimal number of required AVs. CPLEX resolutions are used to prove the efficiency of our modelling approach. In the third part of this thesis, we explore a problem which has not been sufficiently studied: the integrated problem of location assignment and vehicle scheduling (IPLAVS), in Maritime Automated Container Terminal (MACT) at import. This part represents a new and realistic approach of MACT optimization considering mono-objective and multi-objective aspect.

Vid utvidgning av befintliga hamnar kan den relativt nya metoden stabiliserade/solidifierade (S/S) förorenade muddermassor användas i anslutning till spont. S/S metoden används för att binda föroreningarna fysikaliskt eller stänga in dem samt för att förbättra massornas hållfasthets- och deformationsegenskaper. Istället för att deponera dessa, ofta förorenade, muddermassor till ett högt pris kan det återanvändas i hamnkonstruktionen som ett byggmaterial. Det finns få rapporter som behandlar stabiliserade massor i anslutning till spont och hur de samverkar, vilket gör att det inte finns tydliga riktlinjer för hur metoden ska användas. Dessutom finns det stora osäkerheter kring hur utvecklingen av den odränerade skjuvhållfastheten ökar över tid och hur den kan tas hänsyn till vid projekteringen och därför kan metoden inte utnyttjas på ett effektivt sätt. Den odränerade skjuvhållfastheten utvärderas som halva tryckhållfastheten. Syftet med studien är att kunna prognostisera hur jordtrycket mot en spont beror på de S/S -behandlade muddermassornas egenskaper. Vidare har en projekteringsmetodik till S/S massor i anslutning till spont föreslagits. För att svara på detta har en litteraturstudie gjorts för att samla bakgrundsinformation och skapa en djupare förståelse för ämnet. Därefter gjordes en parameterstudie i FEM-programmet PLAXIS. Resultatet från parameterstudien kunde sedan jämföras med tidigare fält- och laboratorieförsök där egenskapernas förändringar över tid har studerats. Med detta som bakgrund kunde en projekteringsmetodik föreslås. Muddermassorna kan initialt liknas vid en vätska som orsakar ett hydrostatiskt tryck mot sponten. Med tiden kommer massorna härda och därigenom ökar hållfastheten, detta gör så att det horisontella jordtrycket minskar samtidigt som en vertikal pålastning sker vilket ökar det horisontella jordtrycket. Från litteraturstudien kunde det även ses att muddermassornas slutgiltiga hållfasthet och tillväxt beror på bindemedelsmängd och kombination som i sin tur måste anpassas efter muddermassornas vattenkvot och organisk halt. Från parameterstudien kan slutsatsen dras att en av faktorerna som har en större påverkan är hur hög skjuvhållfastheten är efter första härdningen när alla muddermassor har pumpats på plats samt förhållandet mellan skjuvhållfastheten och elasticitetsmodulen och hur de utvecklas. I den föreslagna projekteringsmetoden rekommenderas att dräneringstyp odränerad A och materialmodell Mohr-Coulomb ska användas vid simuleringar. Då det finns så stora osäkerheter kring S/S muddermassor anses materialmodell Mohr-Coulomb vara fullt tillräcklig jämfört med andra mer avancerade modeller då det finns stora osäkerheter kring indatan. Dräneringstyp odränerad A är den mer avancerade dräneringstypen av de tre och tar hänsyn till fler parametrar. Eftersom det kommer ske en utveckling av friktionsvinkel kommer modellen ge en bättre representation. / When expanding existing ports, the relatively new method ofvstabilized/solidified (S/S) contaminated dredged material can be used in connection with a sheet pile wall. The S/S method is used to physically bind the contaminants or trap them and to improve the strength and deformation properties of the masses. Instead of depositing these, often polluted, dredged materials at a high price, it can be reused in the port construction as a buildingmaterial. There are few reports that deal with stabilized masses in connection with a sheet pile wall and how they interact, which means that there are no clear guidelines for how the method should be used. In addition, there are great uncertainties about how the development of the undrained shear strength increases over time and how it can be taken into account in the design and therefore the method cannot be used in an efficient manner. The undrained shear strength is evaluated as half of the compressive strength. The purpose of the study is to be able to forecast how the earth pressure against a sheet pile wall depends on the properties of the S/S-treated dredged material. Furthermore, a design methodology for S/S material in connection with sheet pile wall has been proposed. To answer this, a literature study has been done to gather background information and create a deeper understanding of the subject. A parameter study was also done in the FEM-program PLAXIS. The results from the parameter study could then be compared with previous field and laboratory experiments where the changes in properties over time have been studied. With this as a background, a design methodology could be proposed. The dredged masses can initially be likened to a liquid which causes a hydrostatic pressure against the sheet pile wall. Over time, the masses will harden and thereby increase the shear strength, this means that the horizontal earth pressure decreases at the same time as a vertical loading takes place, which increases the horizontal earth pressure. From the literature study, it could also be seen that the final shear strength and growth of the dredged material depends on the amount of binder and combination, which in turn must be adapted to the water content and the organic content. From the parameter study, it can be concluded that one of the factors that has a greater impact is how high the shear strength is after the first hardening when all dredged materials have been pumped in place and the relationship between the shear strength and modulus of elasticity and the development. In the proposed design method, it is recommended that drainage type undrained A and material model Mohr-Coulomb should be used in simulations. As there are such large uncertainties regarding S/S dredged materials, the Mohr-Coulomb material model is considered to be fully sufficient compared with other more advanced models as there are large uncertainties regarding the input data. Drainage type undrained A is the more advanced drainage type of the three tested and takes the materials friction angle into account. Which will give a better representation.