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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

General Amplitude Modulation for Robust Trapped-Ion Entangling Gates

Ellert-Beck, Luke A 01 December 2023 (has links) (PDF)
Trapped-ion systems are a promising route toward the realization of both near-term and universal quantum computers. However, one of the pressing challenges is improving the fidelity of two-qubit entangling gates. These operations are often implemented by addressing individual ions with laser pulses using the M\o lmer-S\o rensen (MS) protocol. Amplitude modulation (AM) is a well-studied extension of this protocol, where the amplitude of the laser pulses is controlled as a function of time. We present an analytical study of AM using a Fourier series expansion so that the laser amplitude may be represented as a general continuous function. Varying the Fourier coefficients used to generate the pulse produces trade-offs between the laser power, gate time, and fidelity. We specifically study gate-timing errors, and we have shown that the sensitivity of the fidelity to these errors can be improved without a significant increase in the average laser power or the gate time. We plot atomic population vs. time for both the traditional MS protocol and the protocol with AM, highlighting the increased robustness of the AM gates. Our central result is that we improve the leading order dependence on gate timing errors from $\order{\Delta t^2}$ to $\order{\Delta t^6}$, and the protocol allows for arbitrarily high orders of scaling to be achieved in principle.
12

Υλοποίηση qubit και διόρθωση κβαντικού κώδικα

Χιώτης, Γιώργος 09 October 2014 (has links)
Η κατασκευή ενός ολοκληρωμένου κβαντικού υπολογιστή αποτελεί μια πρόκληση για τη σύγχρονη επιστήμη. Ο κβαντικός υπολογιστής μας δίνει την ελπίδα πως κάποια στιγμή στο κοντινό μέλλον, θα είμαστε σε θέση να λύνουμε προβλήματα ταχύτερα και πιο αποδοτικά από ότι κάνει ένας κλασσικός υπολογιστής σήμερα. Για παράδειγμα, ο κβαντικός αλγόριθμος παραγοντοποίησης του Shor [3] πετυχαίνει εκθετική επιτάχυνση έναντι του κλασσικού, κάτι που σημαίνει πως η χρήση του πρωτόκολλου κρυπτογράφησης RSA δεν θα είναι όσο ασφαλής είναι σήμερα. Αυτό θα έχει ως αποτέλεσμα μεγάλες αλλαγές στις επικοινωνίες και στις συναλλαγές στο προσεχές μέλλον. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία θα περιγράψουμε τις αρχές που πρέπει να πληρεί ένα κβαντικό σύστημα για να θεωρηθεί κβαντικός υπολογιστής, πώς υλοποιούμε ένα qubit που είναι η μονάδα πληροφορίας του και τέλος θα μιλήσουμε για το πώς κωδικοποιούμε την κβαντική πληροφορία ώστε να είμαστε σε θέση να τη διορθώσουμε. Αρχίζουμε με τη διατύπωση των αρχών της κβαντικής μηχανικής , όπως προκύπτουν από την πειραματική διαδικασία. Συνεχίζουμε με την υπεραγωγιμότητα, το φαινόμενο που μας επιτρέπει να χειριζόμαστε μακροσκοπικά της κβαντικές ιδιότητες της ύλης, όπως και κάποια ακόμα φαινόμενα, όπως αυτό του Meissner, που μας δίνουν τη δυνατότητα να δημιουργήσουμε το κυκλώμα που υλοποιεί το qubit. Τέλος, περιγράφουμε θεωρητικά ένα καθολικό σύνολο από κβαντικές πύλες και τα κυκλώματα διόρθωσης λαθών κβαντικού κώδικα. / The construction of an integrated quantum computer is a challenge for modern science. The quantum computer gives us hope that sometime in the near future, we will be able to solve problems faster and more efficiently than does a conventional computer today. For example, the Shor's quantum algorithm for factoring [3] gave exponential acceleration compared to the classical one, which means that the use of RSA encryption protocol will not be safe as it is today. This will result large changes in communications and transactions in the near future. In this paper we describe the principles that must meet a quantum system to be considered as a quantum computer, how do we implement a qubit which is the unit of information, and finally we'll talk about how we encode quantum information in order to be able to fix it . We begin with the formulation of the principles of quantum mechanics, derived from the experimental procedure. We continue with the superconductivity phenomenon that allows us to manipulate the macroscopic quantum properties of matter, and even some phenomena such as the Meissner, who enable us to create a circuit that implements the qubit. Finally, we describe theoretically a universal set of quantum gates and circuits of error correcting quantum code.
13

Étude en transport électrique d'une double boîte quantique latérale en silicium

Rochette, Sophie January 2014 (has links)
Ce mémoire présente des résultats de caractérisation en transport électrique d’une double boîte quantique latérale en silicium de type MOSFET (transistor à effet de champ métal-oxyde-semi- conducteur). La double boîte permet d’isoler des électrons dans les trois dimensions, tout d’abord en formant un gaz bidimensionnel de porteurs de charge près de la surface du substrat sous l’effet d’une grille d’accumulation, puis en déplétant certaines régions du gaz d’électrons avec des grilles de déplétion en polysilicium. Le dispositif a été fabriqué aux Sandia National Laboratories par l’équipe de Malcolm S. Carroll. Les mesures en transport électrique suggèrent l’atteinte du régime à un seul électron à une température relativement élevée de 1.5 K. En effet, des mesures de diamants de Coulomb montrent un diamant associé à la région à zéro électron qui ne se referme pas pour des biais source-drain supérieurs à 30 meV. Il s’agit d’une forte indication que les boîtes quantiques ont bien été vidées, bien que le nombre exact d’électrons n’ait pas pu être confirmé directement par détection de charge. Le diagramme de stabilité obtenu à une température de 8 mK indique la formation d’une double boîte quantique lithographique très stable. Enfin, l’étude des triangles de conduction à fort biais source-drain dans les polarités positive et négative permet d’observer le phénomène du blocage de spin sous l’application d’un champ magnétique parallèle de 450 mT. Une séparation singulet-triplet de ~ 400 μeV en est extraite, indiquant possiblement une levée importante de la dégénérescence de vallée associée au silicium. Les résultats présentés dans ce mémoire constituent l’une des premières observations de l’isolation d’un seul électron dans une double boîte quantique en silicium de type MOSFET. Il s’agit aussi de la première observation du blocage de spin en transport dans ces dispositifs. Ces observations font partie des étapes initiales à réaliser pour obtenir des qubits de spin performants dans le silicium, un matériau pour lequel des longs temps de cohérence sont anticipés.
14

Détection de charge rapide radiofréquence

Roy, Anne-Marie January 2015 (has links)
Dans ce travail, un circuit de détection de charge radiofréquence est construit et caractérisé à l'aide d'un dispositif de boîte quantique. Les radiofréquences permettent d'obtenir des mesures résolues en temps plus rapides par rapport à la méthode classique en courant continu. Cette méthode de détection est effectuée par réflectométrie d'un circuit RLC résonant dont fait partie le détecteur de charge du dispositif. L'intégration d'un condensateur à capacité variable à large plage est étudiée. On trouve que cette composante est nécessaire à l'adaptation rapide et efficace des nouveaux dispositifs au circuit. En plus de la capacité variable, le circuit comporte plusieurs paramètres à optimiser. Il s'agit de la conductance du détecteur de charge, la fréquence et la puissance du signal radiofréquence. Un protocole d'optimisation de ces paramètres a été mis sur pied. On obtient la sensibilité à la conductance du circuit radiofréquence de détection de charge. Elle est équivalente à celle des meilleurs circuits présents dans la littérature. On propose d'améliorer le détecteur de charge du dispositif, pour obtenir une meilleure sensibilité à la charge. Le circuit radiofréquence permet également d'effectuer la caractérisation du couplage tunnel d'un dispositif de double boîte quantique en silicium par la méthode des statistiques de comptage. Cette mesure aurait été impossible avec le circuit en courant continu. On a pu confirmer le comportement exponentiel du couplage tunnel en fonction de la tension appliquée sur une grille électrostatique. Les résultats de ce mémoire confirment que le circuit de détection de charge radiofréquence construit permet d'effectuer des mesures avec une meilleure résolution temporelle qu'en courant continu. Cette résolution ouvre la porte à une toute une gamme de mesures sur les dispositifs de boîtes quantiques qui étaient impossibles avec le circuit précédent, telles que la mesure en temps réel du spin de l'électron.
15

Entangling nuclear spins using photoexcited triplet states

Filidou, Vasileia January 2012 (has links)
Entanglement is one of the most technologically important quantum phenomena and its con-trolled creation brings us a step closer to the realisation of a quantum computer. Hybrid electron and nuclear spin systems which combine long nuclear decoherence times with the high polarisation and rapid processing times of electron spins are considered reliable candidates for the representation of the fundamental building block of a quantum computer, the qubit. In the literature electron spins quite often play the role of a mediator which can access, manipulate and couple states with long coherence times, beneficial for storing quantum information. Despite the fact that an electron spin can be a useful resource for nuclear spin systems, its permanent presence can be a source of decoherence. The use of transient photoexcited electron spins provide an additional advantage and once the operations which involve the electron spin are completed, the electron spin can decay and not interfere further with the evolution of the system. In this thesis we report magnetic resonance experiments and density functional theory calculations for the demonstration of nuclear - nuclear entanglement using photoexcited triplet states. We study homonuclear and heteronuclear fullerene derivatives and we identify in each case the relevant parameters that can lead to high fidelity entangling operations. The hyperfine interaction in a homonuclear system is the key parameter which determines the degree of entanglement between the nucelar spins according to a recent theoretical proposal. We measure and calculate the hyperfine interaction in homonuclear systems with <sup>13</sup>C nuclear spins in order to prove the feasibility of this scheme. Further experiments on a fullerene system with two nuclear spins a <sup>31</sup>P and a <sup>1</sup>H show that entangling operations of high fidelity which involve the demonstration of CNOT gates, are possible within the lifetime of the triplet state.
16

Spin Qubits in Double and Triple Quantum Dots

Medford, James Redding 08 October 2013 (has links)
This thesis presents research on the initialization, control, and readout of electron spin states in gate defined GaAs quantum dots. The first three experiments were performed with Singlet-Triplet spin qubits in double quantum dots, while the remaining two experiments were performed with an Exchange-Only spin qubit in a triple quantum dot. / Physics
17

High Fidelity Single Qubit Manipulation in a Microfabricated Ion Trap

Mount, Emily January 2015 (has links)
<p>The trapped atomic ion qubits feature desirable properties for use in a quantum computer such as long coherence times, high qubit readout fidelity, and universal logic gates. While these essential properties have been demonstrated, the ability to scale a trapped ion quantum system has not yet been shown. The challenge of scaling the system calls for methods to realize high-fidelity logic gates in scalable trap structures. Surface electrode ion traps, that are microfabricated from a silicon substrate, provide a scalable platform for trapping ion qubits only if high-fidelity operations are achievable in these structures. Here, we present a system for trapping and manipulating ions in a scalable surface trap. Trapping times exceeding 20 minutes without laser cooling, and heating rates as low as 0.8 quanta/ms indicate stable trapping conditions in these microtraps. Coherence times of more than one second verify adequate qubit and control field stability. We demonstrate low-error single-qubit gates performed using stimulated Raman transitions driven by lasers that are tightly focused on the ion qubit. Digital feedback loops are implemented to control the driving field's amplitude and frequency. Gate errors are measured using a randomized benchmarking protocol for single qubit gates, where residual amplitude error in the control beam is compensated using various pulse sequence techniques. Using pulse compensation, we demonstrate single qubit gates with an average error per randomized Clifford group gate of $3.6(3)\times10^{-4}$, which is below the fault-tolerant threshold for some error-correction schemes.</p> / Dissertation
18

Manipulation der internen und externen Freiheitsgrade neutraler Atome in optischen Mikropotentialen

Lengwenus, André Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Darmstadt, Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.
19

Nonequilibrium quantum transport and confinement effects in interacting nanoscale conductors

Weiss, Stephan January 2008 (has links)
Zugl.: Düsseldorf, Univ., Diss., 2008
20

Development of Open source Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) For Human Biobanking

Ademuyiwa, Toluwaleke January 2018 (has links)
Magister Scientiae - MSc (Bioinformatics) / Biobanks are collections of biological samples and associated data for future use. The day to day activities in a biobank laboratory is underpinned by a laboratory information management system (LIMS). For example, the LIMS manages the execution of tests on biospecimens and track their movement and processing through the laboratory. There are a range of commercially available Biobank LIMS systems on the market but their costs are prohibitive in a resource limited setting. The cost of Commercial off-the-shelf software includes the initial cost of acquiring the system, as well as the cost of maintenance and support throughout the software's life cycle. The Bika LIMS system on the other hand is Free and open source software (FOSS) with decreased license cost, used routinely in non-medical laboratories. Ideally, if Bika LIMS could be customised to handle human biospecimens, then both biobanks and genetics laboratories could benefit. Central to any biobank functionality in Bika LIMS is the ability to import information from routine biomedical equipment. We identified two instruments that are key to human biobanking and are lacking in Bika LIMS namely BioDrop ?LITE and the Qubit Fluorometric instrument. Import interfaces for importing DNA/RNA concentration analyses from these instruments and management of the results with associated sample information would add value to the LIMS. The aim of the thesis was to customise Bika LIMS for utility in a biomedical laboratory. In collaboration with colleagues at Tygerberg medical school, the Bika LIMS software was customised to accommodate the DNA and RNA concentration analyses results for a pathology laboratory and the LIMS workflows customised for use at Tygerberg medical school. In this process the manual operations of Tygerberg medical school laboratory would migrate to the use of Bika LIMS. The analytical module in Bika LIMS was implemented using PYTHON, by using logic that allows importing of specific analyses. A template was created for the BioDrop ?LITE and Qubit Fluorometric instruments used for developing the interface for an analysis import form. The instruments generate results in CSV file format. A parser was created to read and parse the files uploaded from the import form, by splitting them into parts, extracting the data, and populating key-value pairs. The controller manages the submission of the form by initialising the parser that imports the specific file into the LIMS where it is managed by the configured Bika LIMS workflow.

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