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Submitted by Maria Eneide de Souza Araujo (mearaujo@ipen.br) on 2015-10-07T17:21:58Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-07T17:21:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

The main goal of this Thesis was to measure tritium activity in the Vltava River and in the vicinity of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant (hereinafter referred to as JETE) with the following objectives: Possibility to use the outlet of waste water damping unit (hereinafter referred to as VTOOV) as a control alerting system for nonstandard events in JETE, furthermore, monitoring of possible correlations between volume activity of tritium measured in VTOOV and activity above the limit value of the first quality class in selected sections of the Vltava River as well as comparison of the measured values with the results of other authors, and, finally, assessment of the relevance of the water quality estimated by the volume activity of tritium to the water quality according to other ingredients, i.e., stable isotopes of some metals and risk elements as well as general physical and chemical indicators. Theoretical part of the Thesis deals with radioactivity in general, activity of tritium, with regard to operation of nuclear plants, over the world and, especially, in the Czech Republic. The actual work consisted of collection of samples at predetermined places, preparation of these samples for measurement and measurement of tritium activity using scintillation spectrometer with liquid scintillator. Furthermore, basic chemical and physical properties of water, concentration of selected elements and also some anions were determined. The collected data were used for classification of waters from individual collection places into quality classes according to ČSN 75 7221. In all analyzed cases no activities were found which exceeded the limit values of liquid outlets from Temelín Nuclear Power Plant, given by regulations issued on waters by the District Health Office in Ceske Budejovice according to §8 of Act No. 138/73 Coll., in compliance with SÚJB requirements. This Thesis could be beneficial for possible utilization of VTOOV as a control alerting system for nonstandard events in JETE and also for assessment of impact of wastewaters from JETE on waters of the Vltava River.

Por considerar que o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação às práticas pedagógicas, aliadas à abordagem dos assuntos nucleares é tema relevante, desafiador e ainda pouco explorado, o presente projeto visou criar um espaço de reflexões acerca das relações de aprendizagem e o papel do professor em sala de aula no contexto escolar de nível médio. Para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa, utilizou-se metodologia qualitativa. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizaram-se gravações de áudio e vídeo, anotações em diários de aula, produções textuais dos sujeitos investigados e arquivos de registro da navegação realizada no ambiente do software educativo. A utilização de recursos digitais e, principalmente, do software educativo Cidade do Átomo, possibilitou a realização do exercício de representações de papéis, cujo objetivo é abordar assuntos científicos e tecnológicos polêmicos, tal como os relacionados à produção de energia elétrica a partir da energia nuclear. Nessa atividade, os estudantes interpretam diversos papéis de um mesmo contexto, defendendo e debatendo os pontos de vista convergentes de seus personagens. Foi possível evidenciar na participação dos estudantes por meio de questionamentos e relações estabelecidas entre seus pares e com os recursos tecnológicos a formação de um ambiente de interação proveitoso. Esta constatação evidencia a potencialidade do espaço educativo formado, que resultou em reforço do processo ensino-aprendizagem. / By considering that the use of information technology and pedagogical practices communication allied with an approach of nuclear subject it’s a relevant, challenging and yet not well developed theme, the present project aimed to create speculative space about the learning relationship and the role of the educator in a middle school context. To the development of this research were used a qualitative methodology. As data collecting instrument were used audio and video recordings, diary class annotations, textual productions of the analyzed subjects and navigation record files of the educational software ambient. Use of digital resources, mainly the educative software “Cidade do Átomo”, enabled the roleplaying game, whose objective is the approach of scientific and technologic polemic subjects, such as the nuclear energy production. In this exercise, the students played various roles on the same context, defending and debating their characters point of view. By the use of questions and discussion of the peer relationship with the technological resource, was possible to bespeak a beneficial interactive environment. This statement endorses the potentiality of the educative space, which resulted in a reinforcement of the teaching-learning process.