We present the synthetic studies of coerulescine, horsfiline, and streptorubin B in this report. And we also present the new synthesis of 3-arylpyrrolines and cis-3,4-diarylpyrrolidines via an easy and straightforward pathway in this report. All of these researches are using 4-hydroxypiperidine and 4-hydroxyproline as the starting material.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2622_1.pdf: 1717867 bytes, checksum: cf571e01db3078228b9142f62b4b520a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / A metodologia RCM (Reliability Centered Maintenance) se apresenta como uma poderosa ferramenta aplicada à melhoria da confiabilidade de sistemas produtivos, que se suporta no estudo dos modos de falha conhecidos para os equipamentos e na conseqüente determinação de novas atividades de manutenção que visem eliminar ou controlar a conseqüência das falhas. A sua aplicação ao sistema da rebobinadeira de película plástica estudada permitiu determinar as falhas possíveis do equipamento que causam perda de disponibilidade, dificuldade de aumento de velocidade de processamento e problemas de qualidade para as bobinas produzidas. A aplicação do RCM foi realizada tendo como base as técnicas existentes na literatura e permitiu o levantamento de novas atividades de manutenção para a rebobinadeira. A sugestão de técnicas de monitoramento foi apresentada ao final do trabalho, para aumentar a eficácia da manutenção e sua aplicabilidade é vista como factível. Um estudo das técnicas para o processo de rebobinamento foi desenvolvido e serviu de base para se avaliar a relação entre a qualidade das bobinas e os aspectos de degradação do equipamento e seu relacionamento com as ações para melhoria de confiabilidade. Isto permitirá controlar as fontes de aparecimento dos defeitos de enrolamento para produzir bobinas com melhor apresentação visual. Além disto, como a qualidade é o principal limitante para se obter altas velocidades de processamento, um passo importante pode ter sido dado para aumento da produtividade da rebobinadeira. Foi possível verificar uma redução no número de chamados de manutenção para os subsistemas braço de corte e conjunto de apoio após início do estudo dos modos de falha do sistema, demonstrando um resultado positivo do uso das técnicas do RCM para a rebobinadeira como forma de prevenção à ocorrência de falhas

The focus of this research is in the area of Remote Condition Monitoring (RCM) for use within intermodal transport and logistics industries. For many years the intermodal transport industry has utilised these RCM systems that have in built flaws due to the subsystems they use.

Future thrusts for gasoline engine development can be broadly summarized into two categories: (i) efficiency improvements in conventional spark ignition engines, and (ii) development of advance compression ignition (ACI) concepts. Efficiency improvements in conventional spark ignition engines requires downsizing (and turbocharging) which may be achieved by using high octane gasolines, whereas, low octane gasolines fuels are anticipated for ACI concepts. The current work provides the essential combustion kinetic data, targeting both thrusts, that is needed to develop high fidelity gasoline surrogate mechanisms and surrogate complexity guidelines. Ignition delay times of a wide range of certified gasolines and surrogates are reported here. These measurements were performed in shock tubes and rapid compression machines over a wide range of experimental conditions (650 – 1250 K, 10 – 40 bar) relevant to internal combustion engines. Using the measured the data and chemical kinetic analyses, the surrogate complexity requirements for these gasolines in homogeneous environments are specified. For the discussions presented here, gasolines are classified into three categories: (i) Low octane gasolines including Saudi Aramco’s light naphtha fuel (anti-knock index, AKI = (RON + MON)/2 = 64; Sensitivity (S) = RON – MON = 1), certified FACE (Fuels for Advanced Combustion Engines) gasoline I and J (AKI ~ 70, S = 0.7 and 3 respectively), and their Primary Reference Fuels (PRF, mixtures of n-heptane and iso-octane) and multi-component surrogates. (ii) Mid octane gasolines including FACE A and C (AKI ~ 84, S ~ 0 and 1 respectively) and their PRF surrogates. Laser absorption measurements of intermediate and product species formed during gasoline/surrogate oxidation are also reported. (iii) A wide range of n-heptane/iso-octane/toluene (TPRF) blends to adequately represent the octane and sensitivity requirements of high octane gasolines including FACE gasoline F and G (AKI ~ 91, S = 5.6 and 11 respectively) and certified Haltermann (AKI ~ 87, S = 7.6) and Coryton (AKI ~ 92, S = 10.9) gasolines. To assess conditions where shock tubes may not be ideal devices for ignition delay measurements, this work also presents a detailed discussion on shock tube pre-ignition affected ignition data and the ignition regimes in homogeneous environments. The shock tube studies on pre-ignition and associated bulk ignition advance may help engines research community understand and control super-knock events.

see document / Master of Engineering

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In 2006–2007 ten public universities were utilizing responsibility center management (RCM), and that number increased to 24 in 2014–2015 (Jaquette, Kramer, and Curs, 2018), but little is known about the relationship between the implementation of RCM, faculty composition, and faculty compensation. Inequities in faculty composition and salaries exist based on gender and race/ethnicity. My study explored whether the implementation of RCM, an increasingly popular budget model in public higher education, was associated with further faculty salary and compositional inequities by gender and race/ethnicity. Deans, as heads of revenue centers under RCM, have increased budgetary power and decision-making responsibility. Organizational justice theory, specifically the tenets of distributive justice and procedural justice, grounded this study by connecting the implementation of RCM to the diffusion of decision-making throughout the organization and potential association with inequities in faculty composition and faculty compensation. This quantitative study examined the relationship of RCM with institutional average salary and numerical proportions of assistant professors on the tenure track at public, doctoral universities based on the 2015 Basic Carnegie Classification. I used difference-in-difference estimation to compare institutions that implemented RCM (treatment group) to institutions that did not (control group) to determine whether there were differences in salary and proportional trends for assistant professors by gender and by gender and race. In addition, I explored engineering in a specific set of analyses because it has been cited as a field that should especially benefit from an RCM budgeting approach. I compared the change in proportions of assistant professors of engineering by gender and by gender and race/ethnicity at universities within the sample. Finally, the annual salaries of a subset of assistant professors of engineering within the sample of doctoral institutions in the treatment and control groups in Ohio were compared. Across these different analyses, I did not find evidence that RCM implementation between FY2012 – FY2017 had a significant effect on average institutional salary generally or by gender or race/ethnicity for assistant professors broadly or within engineering, specifically. Lacking a comprehensive dataset with institutional and individual predictors of faculty compensation and composition, and as RCM models vary among institutions, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. As RCM did not appear to be associated with any changes in faculty composition or compensation practices, I did not find evidence that RCM implementation had a significant impact on the procedural justice (i.e., decision-making criteria and processes of deans or department heads) or distributive justice (i.e., salary amounts or proportions of who was hired by gender and race/ethnicity) of faculty composition or faculty compensation at public, doctoral universities. / Doctor of Philosophy / My study explored whether the implementation of responsibility center management, an increasingly popular budget model at public universities, was associated with differences in faculty salary and faculty numbers by gender and race/ethnicity. Deans, as heads of revenue centers under RCM, have increased budgetary power and decision-making responsibility. Organizational justice theory, specifically the tenets of distributive justice and procedural justice, grounded this study by connecting the implementation of RCM to the diffusion of decision-making throughout the organization and potential association with inequities in faculty composition and faculty compensation. I examined the relationship of RCM with institutional average salary and numerical proportions of assistant professors on the tenure track at public, doctoral universities. I compared institutions that implemented RCM to institutions that did not to determine whether there were differences in salary and proportions for assistant professors by gender and by gender and race/ethnicity. In addition, I explored engineering because it has been cited as a field that should especially benefit from an RCM budgeting approach. I compared the change in proportions of assistant professors of engineering by gender and by gender and race/ethnicity. Finally, the annual salaries of assistant professors of engineering at two universities in Ohio were compared. Across these different analyses, I did not find evidence that RCM implementation had a significant effect on salary or proportions of assistant professors; however, as my study had lots of limitations, and as RCM models vary among universities, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. As RCM did not appear to be associated with any changes, I inferred that RCM implementation did not have a significant impact on the procedural justice (i.e., decision-making criteria and processes of deans or department heads) or distributive justice (i.e., salary amounts or proportions of who was hired by gender and race/ethnicity) of faculty salary or proportions at public, doctoral universities.

Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse portent sur la commande en couple de manipulateurs redondants.Nous nous intéressons dans ce cadre à deux problématiques. En premier lieu, nous considérons le cas d’imposition d’une contrainte cinématique de point de passage, dite contrainte du RCM, de l’organe terminal (OT) du robot. Nous proposons alors deux approches pour la gestion de cette contrainte. Dans la première approche, la contrainte est garantie dans l’espace nul d’une tâche principale définie en coordonnées de position de l’OT. Cette méthode exploite une définition explicite de la dynamique de l’espace nul et confère un niveau de priorité secondaire à la contrainte. La seconde approche permet de définir la contrainte du RCM comme tâche principale, en lui assignant le niveau de priorité supérieur ou un niveau de priorité défini par le besoin de l’application. Nous proposons pour cela une nouvelle définition de la cinématique du RCM.En second lieu, nous traitons la question des contacts entre le corps du robot et son environnement (ex. l’humain)pendant que l’OT exécute sa tâche « globale ». Nous proposons pour cela une stratégie de compliance appliquée dans l’espace nul du robot afin de préserver la tâche globale lors des contacts. Cette stratégie estdéfinie pour des bras anthropomorphes à 7-DDL, et est formulée en coordonnées de l’angle de bras, paramètre représentant le degré de redondance du robot. Cela permet de définir un intervalle admissible de mouvement de l’angle de bras. Lorsque les limites de cet intervalle sont atteintes, une loi de compliance de type ressort amortisseur oblige le robot à rester dans l’intervalle, malgré les forces externes exercées.Nous évoquons, tout au long de cette thèse, l’application de chirurgie mini-invasive assistée par robot pour illustrer l’utilité de nos contributions. / The work developped in this PhD thesis concerns the control of redundant torque-controlled robots,dealing with two main issues. Firstly, we study the presence of a RCM constraint imposed to the end-effector. We propose two control approaches to guarantee this kinematic constraint. In the first one, the constraint is performed in the null-space of a main task defined in cartesian coordinates(position). An explicit definition of the null-space dynamics is applied on this control approach, and provides a secondary priority order to the RCM constraint. The second approach allows to define the constraint as the main task, obtaining the highest priority level, or in any desired priority level,according to the needs of the application. Therefore, we propose a new kinematic formulation of the RCM constraint.Secondly, we study the physical interaction between the robot’s body and its environment (e.g. human) during the cartesian global task execution. A null-space compliance control strategy is then proposed in order to preserve the global task when the contacts occur. This strategy, defined for anthropomorphic 7-DOF robots, is formulated in swivel angle coordinates, which is a direct representation of the robot’s null-space. A desired feasible range for the swivel angle values is defined by the user, and a spring-damping compliance law is used to constraint the robot to remain within the feasible angle values range, despite the external forces applied to the robot’s body. Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery has been used throughout this thesis as an example of application, allowing to demonstrate the usefulness of our contributions.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-08-01T13:14:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Gomes Gerude.pdf: 3290960 bytes, checksum: 9bdd883476a85e1e8d0adcf47fa16ba2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-01T13:16:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Gomes Gerude.pdf: 3290960 bytes, checksum: 9bdd883476a85e1e8d0adcf47fa16ba2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-21 / As society's dependence on energy increases, the regulatory agencies' demands grow with the electric power concessionaires for quality and continuity. On the other hand, in particular, the Brazilian electrical system is much more complex due to the increase in other transmission lines, substations, direct current systems and the use of generation plants from different sources, which imposes on energy companies the adoption Strategies and procedures that guarantee greater reliability to these assets. The use of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) allows the operation of electric power systems to make faster and more assertive decisions, however, the maintenance and inspection strategies in these equipments are not even among the companies in the sector, and this has led to some professionals to abandon the idea of proactive inspection. In this work a broad approach is taken on the subject, from the perspective of manufacturers' manuals, Reliability Centered Maintenance theory (RCM) and under international norms and guidelines. It is presented a research with eight companies of the Brazilian electrical sector and a survey of information in two substations of the National Interconnected System, with evaluation of the performance of the installed IEDs which includes the construction of failure curves, stratification of defects by subsystems and comparison between the families of IEDs in these facilities. At the end, a plan of periodic inspection is proposed in these devices using a methodology based on multicriteria analysis to define periodicities. / À medida que a dependência de energia pela sociedade aumenta, crescem as exigências das agências reguladoras junto às concessionárias de energia elétrica por qualidade e continuidade. Por outro lado, em particular, o sistema elétrico brasileiro está muito mais complexo devido ao incremento de outras linhas de transmissão, subestações, sistemas de corrente contínua e a utilização de usinas de geração de diferentes fontes, o qual impõe às empresas de energia a adoção de estratégias e procedimentos que garantam maior confiabilidade a esses ativos. A utilização de Dispositivos Eletrônicos Inteligentes (IEDs) permite que a operação dos sistemas de energia elétrica possa tomar decisões mais rápidas e assertivas, no entanto, as estratégias de manutenções e inspeções nestes equipamentos não estão niveladas entre as empresas do setor, e isto tem levado alguns profissionais a abandonarem a ideia de inspeção proativa. Neste trabalho faz-se uma ampla abordagem sobre o tema, sob a ótica dos manuais de fabricantes, da teoria de Manutenção Centrada em Confiabilidade (RCM) e sob as normas e guias internacionais. É apresentada uma pesquisa com oito empresas do setor elétrico brasileiro e um levantamento de informações em duas subestações do Sistema Interligado Nacional, com avaliação do desempenho dos IEDs instalados a qual inclui a construção das curvas de falha, estratificação de defeitos por subsistemas e comparação entre as famílias de IEDs existentes nestas instalações. Ao final é proposto um plano de inspeção periódico nestes dispositivos utilizando uma metodologia baseada em análise multicritério para definição das periodicidades.