Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edmilson Casagrande Ricca_NAO AUTORIZADO PARA DIVULGACAO (2).pdf: 1604795 bytes, checksum: f06462c7036409e7701977bb66df9910 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / In a global scenario, where transparency and trustworthiness have become more and more mandatory for financial institutions, the proper operational risk management has been the main concern of the financial sector due to the huge loss potential, the reputational risk and the consequences of financial scandals, with special mention to the financial crisis in 2008. Under these circumstances, this study s goal was to identify operational risks in a financial institution by setting a model of self-assessment for risks and controls - RCSA. The model was based on the concepts of ERM framework of COSO and was made feasible through the use of an interventionist approach. The research sought to diagnose the operational risks of the investigated company, providing data to the senior managers about each department, in order to enable them to do the proper mitigating actions in relation to those risks. As a consequence, an important supporting grind has been built for the corporation to strengthen its operational risks management before its headquarters and regulating offices. It is believed that the proposed stages applied during this study have contributed to the theoretical and practical model, making it a valuable tool for identifying the potential operational risks in the segment of the financial market. / Num cenário global, onde a demanda por transparência e confiabilidade em relação às instituições financeiras atinge proporções nunca antes alcançadas, o adequado gerenciamento de riscos operacionais tornou-se a maior preocupação deste segmento em razão do potencial de perdas elevado, risco de imagem e consequências de desastres financeiros recentes, com destaque para a crise de 2008. É nesse contexto que o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal fazer um diagnóstico de riscos operacionais em uma instituição financeira, através da construção de um modelo de autoavaliação de riscos e controles RCSA. O modelo foi fundamentado nos conceitos do framework ERM do COSO e viabilizado com a utilização da abordagem intervencionista. A pesquisa buscou identificar os riscos operacionais da empresa investigada, dando visibilidade à alta gerência sobre a exposição de cada departamento, permitindo que ações mitigadoras pudessem ser tomadas em relação àqueles. Consequentemente, foi construído um importante pilar de suporte para a instituição fortalecer seu gerenciamento de riscos operacionais perante sua matriz e regulador. Acredita-se que as etapas propostas aplicadas no decorrer do trabalho agregaram contribuição teórica e prática ao modelo, tornando esta uma valiosa ferramenta para identificar potenciais riscos operacionais no segmento do mercado financeiro.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-24T12:33:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) RUBENS RODRIGUES TELES.pdf: 8256916 bytes, checksum: 343eb874fab58d245a7825e979a6bfef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-24T12:33:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) RUBENS RODRIGUES TELES.pdf: 8256916 bytes, checksum: 343eb874fab58d245a7825e979a6bfef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / CNPQ / Neste trabalho foram estudados parâmetros anisotrópicos de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear, como o acoplamento dipolar residual (do inglês, Residual Dipolar Coupling – RDC) e anisotropia do deslocamento químico residual (do inglês, Residual Chemical Shift Anisotropy), com a finalidade de refinar a elucidação estrutural molecular. A molécula teste escolhida para realização deste estudo foi a α-Santonina, um produto natural com quatro estereocentros, portanto oito diastereoisômeros. Inicialmente, os sinais dos espectros de RMN 1H e 13C foram atribuídos, com auxílio de experimentos uni e bidimensionais. Foram realizados cálculos de mecânica molecular para determinação do espaço conformacional de todos os diastereoisômeros, usando o campo de força MMFF94. As estruturas obtidas, numa janela de 5 kcal/mol foram refinadas com cálculos mecano-quânticos ao nível DFT/B3LYP/6-31G*. As anisotropias do deslocamento químico, foram derivadas do cálculo do tensor de blindagem química calculado com o método GIAO/PBE0/pcS-1. Os meios de alinhamento utilizados foram baseados na metodologia dos géis indutores de alinhamento (do inglês, strain-induced alignment in a gel – SAG), sendo avaliada a eficiência de três meios de alinhamento diferentes: poliacrilonitrila (PAN), poliacrilamida (PH) em DMSO-d6, e polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) em CDCl3. O experimento realizado com o gel PAN forneceu onze valores de RDC na faixa entre –3,2 e +5,9 Hz. O ajuste dos valores experimentais com as estruturas otimizadas permitiu a determinação da configuração relativa correta da α-Santonina, (5a(S/R), 9b(S/R), 3a(S/R), 3(S/R)), bem como realizar a atribuição dos deslocamentos químicos dos hidrogênios pró-quirais do carbono-5. O experimento usando o gel PH forneceu seis valores de RDC, na faixa de –25,5 a +12,7 Hz. A baixa qualidade dos dados não possibilitou a determinação da configuração relativa da α-Santonina. Por fim, os experimentos com o gel PMMA permitiram a determinação da configuração relativa e da atribuição completa dos sinais de RMN 1H, inclusive dos hidrogênios diastereotópicos H4α, H4β, H5α e H5β que ainda não haviam sido atribuídos na literatura. Foram realizadas medidas de RCSA da molécula teste no gel PMMA. Os valores obtidos ficaram na faixa de –0,05 a +0,01ppm. Com estes dados não foi possível determinar a configuração relativa da mesma. Entretanto, foi realizado um tratamento associando os valores de RDC e RCSA, na qual obteve-se sucesso, chegando à correta configuração relativa com um fator Q igual a 0,606. Nesta amostra foram observados dois sinais para cada carbono, sendo um atribuído à molécula dentro do gel e outro fora do gel. Para estudar esta observação foram realizadas medidas do tempo de relaxação longitudinal, T1, medidas do coeficiente de difusão, bem como imagens de ressonância magnética do tubo de RMN contendo o gel. Foram realizados diferentes cálculos de química quântica para verificar a influência destes no resultado dos valores de RDCs e RCSAs calculados. Para a otimização da geometria foram testadas três classes de métodos, totalizando vinte e oito cálculos. Deste total foram realizados vinte cálculos DFT, quatro cálculos Hartree-Fock e quatro cálculos Semi-empírico. Observou-se que a qualidade da otimização da estrutura não apresentou grande impacto no ajuste dos dados de RDC. Entretanto, a qualidade do ajuste obtido quando foram usados os métodos Semi-empírico foi levemente inferior. Em relação ao RCSA foram testados três níveis de cálculo, PBE0, MP2 e B3LYP, usando sempre o método GIAO. Foi verificada também a importância da inclusão da solvatação implícita com clorofórmio, totalizando nove cálculos. Os resultados mostram que a escolha do método DFT ou MP2 é relevante para os valores calculados de RCSA, por outro lado, a escolha da base e a inclusão da solvatação exerce menor efeito. / In this work we studied the application of anisotropic parameters of Resonance Magnetic Nuclear, namely Residual Dipolar Coupling (RDC) and Residual Chemical Shift Anisotropy (RCSA), to the refinement of molecular structure elucidation. The test molecule chosen for this study was α-Santonin, a natural product with four stereogenic carbons and therefore eight possible diastereoisomeric structures. In the first step, the 1H and 13C NMR spectra were fully assigned by a combination of 1D and 2D experiments. The conformational space of each possible diastereoisomer was explored by means of molecular mechanics computations using the MMFF94 force field. The obtained structures, in an energy window of 5 kcal/mol, were refined at the DFT /B3LYP/6-31G* level method. Chemical shielding anisotropies were derived from chemical shift tensor computations at the DFT GIAO/PBE0/pcS-1 level on the previous B3LYP structures. The alignment media employed in this work used were based on the methodology of straininduced alignment in a gel (SAG). We evaluated the performance of three different gels: polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyacrylamide (PH) in DMSO-d6, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in CDCl3. The experiment carried out in PAN gel provided eleven RDC values in the range of –3.2 and +5.9 Hz. Fitting of this experimental values to the computed structures allowed us to determine the correct relative configuration of αSantonin as (5a(S/R), 9b(S/R), 3a(S/R), 3(S/R)), as well as the assignment of chemical shifts of the prochiral hydrogens from carbon-5. The experiment using PH gel provided six RDC values in the range of –25,5 a +12,7 Hz. The lower quality of these data did not allow an unambiguous determination of the relative configuration of α-Santonin. Finally, experiments using the PMMA gel allowed to attribute the relative configuration and the complete assignment of NMR signals, including the diastereotopics hydrogens H4α, H4β, H5α e H5β, that were not assigned before in the literature. We performed RCSA measurements of the test molecule in PMMA gel. The values obtained were in the range of -0,05 a +0,01ppm. It was not possible however to select the correct configuration of αSantonin by fitting these RCSAs to the computed chemical shielding tensors. Nevertheless, when RDC and RCSA values were fitted together the correct structure was selected, arriving to the correct structure with a Q factor equal to 0.606. In this sample was observed two signals for each carbon, being assigned to the molecule within the gel and outside the gel. To further study this behavior were performed measurements of the longitudinal relaxation time (T1), diffusion coefficient and magnetic resonance imaging experiments of the gel. Different methods of quantum chemistry calculations were carried out to evaluate their influence on the outcome of the RDC and RCSA backcalculated values. For the geometry optimization were tested three classes of methods, totaling twenty-eight calculations, twenty DFT based, four Hartree-Fock and four Semiempirical. It was observed that the quality of the structure optimization does not have a strong impact on the fitting of the RDC data. Nevertheless, slightly worse fittings were consistently obtained when using Semiempirical geometries. Regarding the RCSAs we tested three classes of GIAO methods: PBEO, MP2 and B3LYP. It was also evaluated the importance of the inclusion of implicit solvation, totaling nine calculations. The results shown that the choice of DFT or MP2 method is relevant to the RCSA back-calculated values, on the other hand the choice of the basis set or the inclusion of solvation have small effects.

Vibration Assisted Machining (VAM) refers to a non-conventional machining process where high-frequency micro-scale vibrations are deliberately superimposed on the motion of the cutting tool during the machining process. The periodic separation of the tool and workpiece material, as a result of the added vibrations, leads to numerous advantages such as reduced machining forces, reduction of damages to the material, extended tool life, and enabling the machining of brittle materials. Vibration Assisted Drilling (VAD) is the application of VAM in drilling processes. The added vibrations in the VAD process are usually generated by incorporating piezoelectric transducers in the structure of the toolholder. In order to increase the benefits of the added vibrations on the machining quality, the structural dynamics of the VAD toolholder and its coupling with the dynamics of the piezoelectric transducer must be optimized to maximize the portion of the electrical energy that is converted to mechanical vibrations at the cutting edge of the drilling tool. The overall dynamic performance of the VAD system depends of the dynamics of its individual components including the drill bit, concentrator, piezoelectric transducer, and back mass. In this thesis, a substructure coupling analysis platform is developed to study the structural dynamics of the VAD system when adjustments are made to its individual components. In addition, the stiffness and damping in the joints between the components of the VAD toolholder are modelled and their parameters are identified experimentally. The developed substructure coupling analysis method is used for structural modification of the VAD system after it is manufactured. The proposed structural modification approach can be used to fine-tune the dynamics of the VAD system to maximize its dynamic performance under various operational conditions. The accuracy of the presented substructure coupling method in modeling the dynamics of the VAD system and the effectiveness of the proposed structural modification method are verified using numerical and experimental case studies. / Graduate

The aim of this study was to establish to what extent the post graduate theological students of the RCSA experience emotional burnout and what their perceptions of burnout are. A combination of quantitative and qualitative empirical research was conducted to establish the levels of burnout and co–responding perceptions of the phenomenon. The study found that 75% of the post graduate students had experienced burnout to some extent. Out of these 75% participants, 35% experienced acute burnout, and a further 15% could be classified as being in the breakdown phase of burnout. The study indicated that the post graduate students of the RCSA generally had a positive perception towards burnout in the sense that they had a fair understanding of the causes of the phenomenon. The research has also shown that the post graduate theological students identified a balanced lifestyle as the most important preventative measure to combat burnout. To attain such a lifestyle, post graduate theological students need to attend to their spiritual, emotional, social and physical needs in a balanced way. Despite the fact that the majority of the participating students have a positive perception regarding the treatment and prevention of burnout, it is however clear that they do not address the problem effectively. It became clear from the research that additional guidance in the prevention, management and treatment of burnout is required. Various factors were identified that may contribute to the post graduate theological students' experiencing of burnout. These factors include the following: the effective management of the academic work load, their experiencing of overload and a lack of control over the amount of academic work, perceptions that they are not rewarded sufficiently for their contributions, that they feel excluded from experiencing a sense of belonging to a common group and having communion as a group, a lack of work satisfaction, a lack of effective interpersonal relationships, personal problems in their private lives, the degree of Type A–behaviour amongst some participants, a lack of emotional development and growth and a need for interpersonal skills training in their curriculum for them as future ministers, a lack of maintaining healthy emotional boundaries, structuring and ordering of the post graduate theological students-' own spiritual life, a lack of fulfilment of goals and their inability to keep up with the accelerating tempo of socio–domextic change in society. Other contributing factors to burnout amongst post graduate theological students are that they have certain misperceptions about burnout with regard to their calling as a minister. These misperceptions include the following: false feelings of guilt, complying with unrealistic high moral standards as person, that burnout is seen as a sign of 'weakness' and 'sin' and that treatment is only intended for 'sick people'. It has been established that burnout has definite negative consequences in the lives of the post graduate theological students. These consequences affect students' entire lives on physical, spiritual and emotional levels. The following consequences of burnout were identified: depressive disorders, loss of vision, bitterness, psychosomatic symptoms such as headaches, stomach ulcers, muscle spasms, etc. and their experience of burnout as generally being traumatic. Exegesis on 1 Kings 19:1–18 was normatively applied as a guide to address burnout to the post graduate theological students' experience of the phenomenon. Elijah's experience of burnout and how God led him to healing and also looked after his physical, spiritual and emotional needs was evaluated and guidelines were identified and formulated that could serve as an effective means of addressing burnout. Because burnout influences the post graduate theological students on a physical, spiritual and emotional level, the management and treatment thereof should also consist of the addressing of all three these elements in a balanced way. Pastoral guidelines were thus formulated to address these three elements of burnout - physical, spiritual and emotional in an effective manner. / Thesis (M.A. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

The aim of this study was to establish to what extent the post graduate theological students of the RCSA experience emotional burnout and what their perceptions of burnout are. A combination of quantitative and qualitative empirical research was conducted to establish the levels of burnout and co–responding perceptions of the phenomenon. The study found that 75% of the post graduate students had experienced burnout to some extent. Out of these 75% participants, 35% experienced acute burnout, and a further 15% could be classified as being in the breakdown phase of burnout. The study indicated that the post graduate students of the RCSA generally had a positive perception towards burnout in the sense that they had a fair understanding of the causes of the phenomenon. The research has also shown that the post graduate theological students identified a balanced lifestyle as the most important preventative measure to combat burnout. To attain such a lifestyle, post graduate theological students need to attend to their spiritual, emotional, social and physical needs in a balanced way. Despite the fact that the majority of the participating students have a positive perception regarding the treatment and prevention of burnout, it is however clear that they do not address the problem effectively. It became clear from the research that additional guidance in the prevention, management and treatment of burnout is required. Various factors were identified that may contribute to the post graduate theological students' experiencing of burnout. These factors include the following: the effective management of the academic work load, their experiencing of overload and a lack of control over the amount of academic work, perceptions that they are not rewarded sufficiently for their contributions, that they feel excluded from experiencing a sense of belonging to a common group and having communion as a group, a lack of work satisfaction, a lack of effective interpersonal relationships, personal problems in their private lives, the degree of Type A–behaviour amongst some participants, a lack of emotional development and growth and a need for interpersonal skills training in their curriculum for them as future ministers, a lack of maintaining healthy emotional boundaries, structuring and ordering of the post graduate theological students-' own spiritual life, a lack of fulfilment of goals and their inability to keep up with the accelerating tempo of socio–domextic change in society. Other contributing factors to burnout amongst post graduate theological students are that they have certain misperceptions about burnout with regard to their calling as a minister. These misperceptions include the following: false feelings of guilt, complying with unrealistic high moral standards as person, that burnout is seen as a sign of 'weakness' and 'sin' and that treatment is only intended for 'sick people'. It has been established that burnout has definite negative consequences in the lives of the post graduate theological students. These consequences affect students' entire lives on physical, spiritual and emotional levels. The following consequences of burnout were identified: depressive disorders, loss of vision, bitterness, psychosomatic symptoms such as headaches, stomach ulcers, muscle spasms, etc. and their experience of burnout as generally being traumatic. Exegesis on 1 Kings 19:1–18 was normatively applied as a guide to address burnout to the post graduate theological students' experience of the phenomenon. Elijah's experience of burnout and how God led him to healing and also looked after his physical, spiritual and emotional needs was evaluated and guidelines were identified and formulated that could serve as an effective means of addressing burnout. Because burnout influences the post graduate theological students on a physical, spiritual and emotional level, the management and treatment thereof should also consist of the addressing of all three these elements in a balanced way. Pastoral guidelines were thus formulated to address these three elements of burnout - physical, spiritual and emotional in an effective manner. / Thesis (M.A. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.