This collection of work examines: the concept of youth; the social situation of young people; the nature and adequacy of the institution designed to attend to young people's general needs and problems - the Youth Service; and the training provided for the youth workers who staff that Service. It is made up of one book, chapters contributed to four other books, two occasional papers, and two papers published in scholarly journals. Several types of research are included: conceptual and theoretical analysis which seeks to evaluate assumptions, arguments, models, and plans concerning youth and the Youth Service; historical and documentary analysis aimed at providing an accurate account of the development of the Service and of the various attempts to improve its effectiveness; and empirical investigations involving field research with young people and with youth workers. My conclusions are as follows:- First that the concept of youth is a valid and important component of sociological analysis, recent criticisms not withstanding. Second that the Youth Service, as a result of fundamental structural and cultural changes implicit in modernization, has an important role to play in the social education of young people. Third that there is scope for considerable strengthening of the Youth Service, as much in terms of its underlying conceptual and philosophical foundations as in terms of practical issues such as policy, organisation, management and training.

Быстро меняющиеся условия на финансовом рынке связаны с внедрением новых технологий и вывода на рынок новых продуктов и услуг в ограниченные сроки. Это требует от современных банков высокой гибкости и адаптации к предъявляемым условиям. В частности, российские банки, находясь под усиливающимся контролем со стороны Банка России, а также под влиянием санкционных мер, обязаны не только быстро адаптироваться под новые условия игры мирового рынка, но и обеспечивать высокое качество и надежность оказания финансовых услуг. В противном случае банки рискуют потерять не только требуемую доходность, но и возможность работать на рынке. Организационная структура, являясь основообразующим элементом работы банков, призвана обеспечить высокую скорость адаптации к динамичным условиям внешней среды. Цель диссертации - совершенствование организационной структуры подразделения банка, основанное на принципах реквизитной организации. Научная новизна состоит в учете горизонта планирования, определенного для каждого структурного элемента организации. Применение модели реквизитной организации Эллиота обусловлено развитым методологическим аппаратом в проектировании структуры организации с учетом уровней задач для каждого ее элемента. / Rapidly changing circumstances in the financial market are associated with the implementation of new technologies, products and services in a limited time. This requires high flexibility and adaptation to the claimed conditions from banks. In particular, Russian banks, being under increasing control from the Bank of Russia, as well as under the influence of sanctions measures, are obliged not only to quickly adapt to the new conditions of the world market, but also to ensure the high quality and reliability of financial services. Otherwise, banks risk losing not only the required profitability, but also the opportunity to work in the market. The organizational structure, being the basic element of the banks ' work, is designed to provide a high speed of adaptation to the dynamic conditions of the external environment. The purpose of the dissertation is to improve the organizational structure of the bank's division, based on the principles of requisite organization. Scientific novelty consists in taking into account the planning horizon defined for each structural element of the organization. Applying the Elliot’s model of requisite organization is due to the developed methodological apparatus in the design of organizational structure talking into account target levels for each element.