Climate science and the effective public communication of it havebecome increasingly vital in a world that is changing atan unprecedentedrate. For many scientists and journalists, the Internet hasgrown to be the preferred medium of climate science communication. As the issues thattextsabout climate changedeal with are ratherpressing, it is crucial that thescientific knowledge is recontextualized for non-expert audiencesin the mosteffectiveand engaging way. Science communicatorshave rhetorical strategiesof recontextualization and discursive strategies of newsworthinessat their disposal to achieve the desired science communicationand ultimately createan inclusive and engaging discourse with theirreaders. This qualitative study is a comparative analysis of two different typesof writers:scientists and journalists. The analysis of onlinetexts about climate change, written by these two types of writers, showsthat scientists and journalists employ many of the same strategies.Nonetheless, the findings reveal distinct differences in how extensively certain strategies are/ are not used.Generally, the scientists recontextualized the scientific knowledge in a more personalizedand inclusivemanner. The journalists, in turn, made use of more discursive strategies of newsworthiness. This qualitative comparative studyalsoprovides a novel analytical framework for further studies of the same kind.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:46:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana_Loureiro_Duarte_Bertinetti_Dissertacao.pdf: 2840386 bytes, checksum: cec23f850f1a92a2cbd1e1b54a4540ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-11 / The present study aims at analyzing the discursive constructions of the candidates for Mayor of Pelotas, Fetter Jr and Fernando Marroni, in the second round of municipal elections of 2008, at the Free Time Election Propaganda (HGPE) in television media, especially related to the more used themes in this campaign: health and asphalt. The subject of health, always highlighted in election campaigns because of the importance in people's lives, was addressed in order to highlight what each candidate did while he was in the position of the situation and what his opponent did not perform while he held office. The issue of asphalt gained prominence due to an amount arising out of international finance, whose authorship of the project, as well as its content, were the central theme of the speeches. Besides trying to understand the articulatory practice used by each candidate to hegemonize their discourses and visualize the existing antagonistic cut, the study also seeks to analyze the rhetorical strategies used by each one trying to persuade the voters viewers. For the analysis related to these themes, the research's main theoretical concepts are Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe's discourse theory. Seeking to support the discursive behavior of these candidates in this theoretical approach, this paper seeks to understand not only the construction of discourses, but also see its use specifically in television media. This dissertation as a whole, is a set of theories and empirical analyses that seek to approximate the areas of political science and media, to give an overview of marketing activity in the construction of political speeches to television and thus colaborating the understanding of this issue so present in contemporary democratic processes / O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar as construções discursivas dos candidatos a Prefeito de Pelotas, Fetter Júnior e Fernando Marroni, no segundo turno da eleição municipal de 2008, no Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral (HGPE) na mídia televisiva, especialmente relacionadas aos temas mais recorrentes na referida campanha: saúde e asfalto. O tema saúde, sempre destacado em campanhas eleitorais devido à importância na vida das pessoas, foi abordado de forma a ressaltar o que cada candidato fez enquanto esteve na posição de situação e o que seu oponente não realizou enquanto ocupou o cargo. Já o tema asfalto ganhou destaque devido a uma verba advinda de financiamento internacional, cuja autoria do projeto, bem como o seu conteúdo, foram o tema central dos discursos. Além de tentar compreender a prática articulatória usada por cada candidato para hegemonizar seu discurso e visualizar o corte antagônico existente, também são analisadas as estratégias retóricas utilizadas por cada um na tentativa de persuadir o eleitor telespectador. Para a análise em relação a estes temas, a pesquisa tem como principal referencial teórico os conceitos de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe sobre teoria do discurso. Buscando apoiar o comportamento discursivo destes candidatos neste aporte teórico, o presente trabalho busca compreender não só a construção dos discursos, como também visualizar sua utilização especificamente na mídia televisiva. Esta dissertação como um todo, trata-se de um conjunto de teorias e análises empíricas que buscam aproximar as áreas de ciência política e comunicação social, de forma a dar uma visão geral da atividade do marketing político na construção de discursos para a televisão e, assim, colaborar com o entendimento desta temática tão presente nos processos democráticos contemporâneos

В работе исследуется динамика обращения российских авторов переходного времени (второй половины XVI – начала XVIII в.) к сакральной для христианской культуры топике жертвы и жертвенности, тенденции ее секуляризации и манипулятивно-идеологического использования. Особое внимание уделено варьированию риторических стратегий и образно-сюжетного воплощения этих «общих мест» в литературной полемике Ивана Грозного и Андрея Курбского (а также в ее рецепции) и в старообрядческой словесности. / This work studies the dynamics of use of the sacred for Christian culture literary topoi of victim and self-sacrifice in Era of Change’s Russian literature (the second half of the 16th – early 18th centuries), the trends of its secularization and ideologization. Special attention is paid to the variation of rhetorical strategies and imagery of these “common places” in the literary polemic of Ivan the Terrible and Andrey Kurbsky (as well as its reception) and in the Old Believers’ works.

La presente ricerca nasce con lo scopo di indagare la pertinenza del concetto di parola chiave in rapporto alla realizzazione delle dinamiche testuali. Questo concetto è presentato nella letteratura come uno strumento euristico, utilizzato per analizzare oggetti diversi, quali le culture, le società o i testi. Tuttavia emerge una certa discordanza nelle diverse caratterizzazioni delle parole chiave che impedisce di circoscrivere questa categoria di elementi linguistici e di definirne un metodo di individuazione. Dalla nostra indagine emerge che le funzioni delle parole chiave possono essere ricondotte alle metafore della chiave d'accesso , chiave d'interpretazione e chiave di volta . E' in particolare quest'ultima accezione quella più adeguata a descrivere la funzione svolta dalle parole chiave in rapporto alle dinamiche testuali. Esse si caratterizzano cioè per essere elementi linguistici che contribuiscono in maniera strategica a realizzare lo scopo comunicativo globale del testo, instaurando un legame particolarmente forte con il sapere condiviso tra mittente e destinatario. E' questo nesso che giustifica il loro ruolo centrale nella costruzione della strategia comunicativa del testo. Un'applicazione della definizione al testo argomentativo, nell'ultima parte della ricerca, precisa la funzione della parola chiave in relazione a una struttura testuale specifica. / The present research aims at analysing the concept of keyword in the context of textual analysis. In the literature keywords are mostly conceived of as tools useful to give insights into cultures, societies or texts. Nevertheless they are not univocally described and it is difficult to outline a precise method for their identification. In fact the methods proposed are highly subjective as keywords are mainly indicated as the results of previous interpretations conducted on the culture, society or text which is being analysed. In this research instead we are interested in the possibility of describing keywords as elements concurring in the construction of textual meaning. This presupposes the definition of the specific function played by keywords and a logical-semantic textual theory which allows analysing the structure of texts and the ways in which they realize their communicative goals. Congruity Theory is the theory which seemed to offer the most comprehensive methodology to analyse texts. Thanks to the theoretical tools offered by it, we define keywords as linguistic elements that play a strategic role in the realization of the text's global communicative aim. The last part of the research is devoted to the application of the definition to argumentative texts, showing in which ways keywords contribute in the realization of their persuasive goal. In relation to these texts the specific function of keywords appears to be that of giving arguments their persuasive power.

<p>The prevalence of social media in political campaigns are changing the face of politics in the United States and abroad. The rapid pace at which this change is occurring demands inquiry into the previously unexplored area of unconventional political campaign messaging practices on social media. Investigation of Donald Trump’s use of tweets as rhetorical strategy in the discursive space of Twitter during the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign revealed a bypass of traditional media and its source verification processes. This circumventing of mainstream media channels facilitated Trump’s deployment of an unchecked ‘broken system’ narrative alleging government corruption</p> <p>and a rigged system. Trump’s tweet discourses tapped into existing feelings of disenfranchisement and disaffection felt by a self-identified politically marginalized segment of society. This study</p> <p>investigates how social media use in political campaigns can serve as a public sphere for contestation of social and political norms. An interdisciplinary theoretical frame comprised of Feenberg’s critical theory of technology, McLuhan’s media ecology, Fraser’s counterpublic spheres, and Iser’s implied reader offer new understandings about the power of anti-establishment discourses and a hybrid discursive space to destabilize governing institutions and redefine social and political identities. Study of Trump’s tweets as rhetorical strategy granted insights into the social and political capacity of alternative truth to undermine the political process. Further, it uncovered the power of social media to awaken and leverage existing political identities for personal political gain.</p>