Det är inte lätt att vara förälder i dagens samhälle eftersom föräldraskapet kräver mycket ansvar. Uppsatsens frågeställning syftar till föräldraskap och barnuppfostran i det senmoderna samhället. Studien är gjord med den hermeneutiska metoden där grunderna bygger på att försöka förstå det tänkta fenomenet. Studiens teoretiska och begreppsliga ramverk är byggt på Giddens teorier om senmodernitet, risk, intimitet, släktskap och föräldraskap samt olika typer av föräldraskap och globalisering. Resultatet består av olika viktiga teman. I den preliminära tolkningen var de olika teman barnföräldrarelationen, barnuppfostran och föräldraskap som vidare utvecklades till ansvar och barndom i den fördjupade tolkningen. Dessa teman utvecklades genom teorierna och kopplingarna till studiens syfte och frågeställning för att uppnå resultatet. I resultatet framkommer de olika upplevelserna av föräldraskap i det senmoderna samhället. Respondenterna knöt an senmodernitet och den snabba utvecklingen med teknologi. Det visade sig att utvecklingen ansågs vara mer riskfylld med fler nackdelar än fördelar som respondenterna associerade med den teknologiska utvecklingen. Resultatet visade även att relationen mellan barn och föräldrar idag upplevs vara starkare tack vare bra kommunikation. Därför använder sig föräldrarna av de enklaste metoderna vilka är kommunikation och gränssättning.

No description available.

This research has led to a novel methodology for assessment and quantification of supply risks in the supply chain. The research has built on advanced Knowledge Discovery techniques and has resulted to a software implementation to be able to do so. The methodology developed and presented here resembles the well-known consumer credit scoring methods as it leads to a similar metric, or score, for assessing a supplier’s reliability and risk of conducting business with that supplier. However, the focus is on a wide range of operational metrics rather than just financial, which credit scoring techniques typically focus on. The core of the methodology comprises the application of Knowledge Discovery techniques to extract the likelihood of possible risks from within a range of available datasets. In combination with cross-impact analysis, those datasets are examined for establish the inter-relationships and mutual connections among several factors that are likely contribute to risks associated with particular suppliers. This approach is called conjugation analysis. The resulting parameters become the inputs into a logistic regression which leads to a risk scoring model the outcome of the process is the standardized risk score which is analogous to the well-known consumer risk scoring model, better known as FICO score. The proposed methodology has been applied to an Air Conditioning manufacturing company. Two models have been developed. The first identifies the supply risks based on the data about purchase orders and selected risk factors. With this model the likelihoods of delivery failures, quality failures and cost failures are obtained. The second model built on the first one but also used the actual data about the performance of supplier to identify risks of conducting business with particular suppliers. Its target was to provide quantitative measures of an individual supplier’s risk level. The supplier risk scoring model is tested on the data acquired from the company for its performance analysis. The supplier risk scoring model achieved 86.2% accuracy, while the area under curve (AUC) was 0.863. The AUC curve is much higher than required model’s validity threshold value of 0.5. It represents developed model’s validity and reliability for future data. The numerical studies conducted with real-life datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and system as well as its future potential for industrial adoption.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Since the end of the Cold War, reduced budgets have limited technology growth in the defense industry making the use of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software the accepted way to build systems. Twenty years ago, almost all DOD software-intensive systems were built by awarding large multimillion-dollar contracts to defense contractors to build systems from scratch. Consequently, with dwindling budgets, the military has recognized that they can no longer build an infrastructure independent of commercial industry. The use of commercial items does not reduce or eliminate the risks associated with the traditional development of software systems. Numerous programs have stumbled for the lack of careful consideration and identification of the unique risk factors imposed by commercial items. Even though the types of programs are diverse, there are common risk factors that can be identified from the past experiences of these programs. This thesis focuses on the critical risk factors and lessons learned associated with integrating commercial items into DOD software programs. It summarize lessons learn from programs that have made extensive use of commercial items, provides a risk checklist/questionnaire to assist PMs and developers in understanding the risks associated with their developments of a system using commercial items, and suggests mitigation strategies, which can be used as guidelines for the risk factors, to consider when adopting commercial components. Providing the starting point for a systematic structure approach to the risk management of commercial items. / Major, United States Army

M.Com. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.Comm.

M.Comm. / Every modern-day company is faced with challenges on a daily basis to improve its performance. This challenge stretches further than the financial target that is received from the shareholders every year and boils right down to the day to day operations of a company. How does the company perform according to the market, does the company have a uniqueness that will allow for a competitive advantage, how can costs be reduced in order to create value in terms of shareholders and how to stay the blueprint company with its competitors seen as followers. The objective of this study is to determine the effect that financial risk management in terms of a cell captive insurance facility has on a company, especially the financial side and ultimately to provide a framework on the implementation of a cell captive insurance facility. A cell captive insurance facility stems from the self insurance principle and is tailored to a unique product offered by various insurance companies. It enables a company to insure its frequent losses at a lower premium than the insurance market and all surpluses resulting from the Captive can be regarded as profit to the owner of the captive or used to lower the following year's contribution. In order to obtain a Cell Captive's insurance facility, a company must purchase shares in an insurance company, known as a sponsor, and hereby receive certain insurance amenities. The captive that is now formed enables a company to insure all business related activities against possible risks with a further extension of the definition 'business related activities'. Due to the unlikely event to completely self insure, with regards to the cost implication and bearing the size of the captive in mind to cover all possible financial losses, an underwritten agreement between the cell captive owner and the sponsor insurance company should cater for all catastrophic risks which protects the captive from collapsing, due to a massive loss. With the creation of a cell captive insurance facility, the owner of the captive can extend on all its business related activities and offer insurance products to its employees and clients, with a reasonably reduce rate compared to the insurance market. The success of theses products can be so-good that the financial impact on the captive proofs the products to be self-reliant and even generates an income for the cell captive insurance facility. As a result of the objective to implement effective risk management via a cell captive insurance facility and to create profit by doing so, the results of the Vodacom Group was used in order to emphasize the successfulness of a cell captive insurance facility. Vodacom Group saved or rather refer to the term as "created" a net underwriting profit that amounts to R 3,385,275 in the first three months by using its Cell Captive Insurance Facility. Thats more than enough to prove the financial gain, but the company also benefited from the fact that it now has the ability to educate its managers and their management styles. The captive can no act as the focal point of the Group's risk management effort, by focusing the minds of senior management on the causes of claims and means to combat that.

No description available.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, April 2013. / No abstract provided

A RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE FIELD OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT Johannesburg, September 2014 / Background: Although the Free State Psychiatry Complex has collected information on adverse events, the reporting processes have not been consistent, systematic or transparent and this information was not used in the planning process. In addition, there is also a perception that the rate of adverse events is increasing, that these adverse events are not managed adequately and the extent of the problem could not be determined. It was for this reason that this study was found to be necessary to investigate further on patterns of serious adverse event occurrence, to put the argu-ments to a scientific test and be certain about the extent to which contributory factors were associated with the occurrence of these events in the Free State Psychiatry Complex. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the inpatient-related adverse events and factors contributing to these adverse events reported at the Free State Psychiatry Complex in order to develop effective strategies to prevent and reduce these ad-verse events. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design based on a retrospective re-view of records of patients who were involved in these adverse events. The study was undertaken at Free State Psychiatric Complex which is a specialized Mental Health Care Establishment from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2010. All records of re-ported adverse events of all inpatients at Free State Psychiatry Complex were re-viewed and no sampling was done. The study included review of routinely collected hospital information on patients’ records and registers and from the Advance Incident Management System (AIMS). Results: There were 419 Serious Adverse Events reported during 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2010. The most commonly reported SAE’s included Aggressor-Aggressor, Aggression-victim, Behaviour/Human Performance, Accident/occupational health and safety and falls. The Aggression related adverse event type was one of the most common types of SAE’s, constituting 40% of the Serious Adverse Events reported. The Behaviour /Human Performance adverse event type was second in frequency. Other common SAE’s reported during the study period included Medication, Pres-sure ulcer, Clinical Management and Organisation Management. These Serious Ad-verse Events occurred in 5% of the inpatients at Free State Psychiatry Complex and the findings showed an increase rate of 3.3%. Although more than 80% of the ad-verse events gave rise to moderate disability, 2% caused permanent disabling inju-ries and 2% led to death. However, only 15% of the SAE’s caused minor harm to pa-tients. The most Serious Adverse Events occurred in the months of March, Decem-ber and November which indicate that seasonal changes are associated with in-creased risk for Serious Adverse Events. Most SAE’s happened during the day-shift which might be ascribed to the organisational routines such as medication rounds, handover periods and mealtimes. Human and System Adverse Event Error Types accounted for more than 70% of these SAE’s. The study revealed a positive relationship between the patients in the Intellectual disability and Psycho-geriatric specialities and Accident/occupational health and safety as well as falls related adverse event types. There was also a posi-tive correlation between male patients in the age group of 9-38 in the Acute and Fo-rensic Specialities and Aggression- as well Behaviour Performance related Adverse Event Types. The patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia, Substance Induced Psy-chosis and Intellectual Disability was mostly associated with an increased risk for Se-rious Adverse Events. The results showed that co-morbidity, the patient’s disease profile, age, admission classification, organisational routines and seasonal changes are associated are contributory factors too Serious Adverse Events. It supports the premise that human and system errors as well as the profile of the patient are con-tributing to SAE’s. Conclusion: Safety issues in mental health are unique and are in that way different to the safety issues in medical care. Both the patient population and the environment make patient safety in mental health unique. The uniqueness is associated more with the diagnosis, the patient population and with the mental health setting. SAE’s included Aggressor-aggression, Aggressor-victim, Behavior Performance (abscond-ing, self-harm, suicide); Occupational health and safety, falls and other injuries are particularly prominent to mental health patients. Although patient safety in mental health was considered a field of importance, there is still a lack of awareness of the issues as well as a shortage of research and readily available information to guide patient safety systems, practices, policies, and care delivery in mental health. Work is required to establish a clear definition, set priorities, and develop strategies for re-sponding to patient safety concerns. Models of quality improvement are being uti-lized in psychiatry hospitals but the need for evidenced-based quality improvement models for inpatient psychiatric care still exist. Findings from my study showed that Serious Adverse Events are prevalent in Free State Psychiatry Complex and factors significantly associates with the frequency of aggression-, behavior/occupational health and safety and falls related adverse event types. Advancing a quality and safety research agenda for inpatient psychiatric care will guide practice, improve care, and help ensure efficient and effective care. Complicated problems such as the provision of acute psychiatric hospital services require solutions that incorporate depth of understanding the complexities of acute mental illness as well as changes in prevailing attitudes and systems. This study has also highlighted that Serious Adverse Events are contributed by a varied set of contributing and interacting elements, including patient factors, human factors, system factors, and environmental factors. A complex interaction between the mental health environment and the diagnosis/patient population was found which differentiates patient safety from other health sectors is. Understanding this interac-tion and its relationship to patient safety is very important. It is believed that research in scientific advances, systems analysis, education and development, dissemination of guidelines and improved standard of practice is required for reduction of SAE’s (Leappe et al. 1991) This was the first study to systematically evaluate adverse events in a mental health establishment in the Free State province. The researcher hopes that the Department of Health in the Free State Province would utilise the findings of this study to review and to improve the safety programmes on the care, treatment and rehabilitation of the mental health care services.