Com o intuito de otimizar o projeto de unidades hidrogeradoras e, por conseguinte, aumentar a sua disponibilidade, uma previsão mais precisa do seu comportamento dinâmico é de fundamental importância. Assim, o presente trabalho se propôs a modelar uma unidade hidrogeradora de forma mais completa, considerando os efeitos do empuxo magnético, mancais, perturbações hidráulicas, desbalanceamento e selos labirintos de turbina Francis. A partir do modelo construído, foram realizadas análises modais, temporais e espectrais. Os resultados numéricos são comparados com os dados experimentais de uma unidade hidrogeradora de grande porte. Tanto sinais de tendência temporal, como órbitas, e espectros de frequência dos fenômenos envolvidos são analisados e comparados. Dessa forma, pretende-se obter o modelo menos complexo possível, mas que seja capaz de representar de forma aceitável a dinâmica da unidade hidrogeradora sujeita a diferentes condições de operação. A maior dificuldade encontrada foi na representação das excitações externas ao sistema, principalmente quando a máquina está operando em regime parcial. Constatou-se uma importante influência do selo labirinto na simulação do comportamento dinâmica da turbina Francis operando em carga parcial. Ao final, os aspectos do modelo que podem ser aprimorados são discutidos. / In order to optimize the design of hydro-generating units and therefore increase their availability, a more accurate forecast of their dynamic behavior is of fundamental importance. Thus, the present work has proposed to model a more complete hydrogenerator unit, considering the effects of magnetic pull, guide bearings, hydraulic perturbations, unbalance and Francis turbine labyrinths. From the this model, modal, temporal and spectral analyzes were performed. The numerical results are compared with experimental data of a large hydrogenerator unit. Temporal trend signals, orbits and frequency spectrum of the phenomena involved are analyzed and compared. In this way, it is intended to obtain the less complex model possible, but that is able to represent in an acceptable way the dynamics of the hydrogenerator unit under different operation conditions. The greatest difficulty found was in the representation of external excitations to the system, mainly under partial load. It was observed an important influence of the labyrinth seal in the simulation of the dynamic behavior of the Francis turbine operating in partial load. Finally, aspects of the model that can to be improved are discussed.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar e avaliar uma técnica de determinação de posição inicial de rotor em máquinas síncronas de ímã permanente de superfície. A técnica de determinação de posição inicial é baseada na aplicação de pulsos ao motor. É proposto também um algoritmo de ajuste automático desses pulsos de forma a criar um mecanismo genérico de determinação de posição inicial de ângulo de rotor para o tipo de máquina em estudo. Simulações são realizadas de forma a garantir funcionamento correto do algoritmo que foi implementado em código C com matemática de ponto fixo. A implementação foi realizada utilizando-se um microcontrolador comercial de baixo custo que não possui hardware para aritmética de ponto flutuante. Um descritivo detalhado da implementação, do sistema de testes e resultados são apresentados ao longo do texto. / This work aims the study and evaluation of a rotor initial angle estimation technique in surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine. The technique of the rotor initial angle estimation is based on pulse injection to the motor. It is also proposed in this work an automatic pulse adjustment algorithm in order to create a generic mechanism to estimate rotor initial angle for the machine type under study. Simulations are performed in order to ensure the proper functionality of the algorithm which was implemented in C code with fixed point mathematics. The implementation was performed using a comercial low cost microcontroller which does not have floating point arithmetic capability. A detailed description of the implementation, test system and results are presented in this text.

O motor de indução trifásico foi o elemento principal de aumento de produtividade na segunda revolução industrial no final do século XIX na Europa e nos Estados Unidos. Atualmente, em termos mundiais, é a principal carga nos sistemas elétricos, chegando a atingir mais de 65% do consumo no Brasil. Durante o século XX, os motores elétricos sofreram intensos processos de inovações tecnológicas que possibilitaram significativos ganhos de rendimento. Assim, inicialmente, esta dissertação analisa o rendimento de 419 motores elétricos com potência mecânica de 5 CV, 50 CV e 200 CV, de fabricação nacional ou importados, ensaiados entre 1945 e 2016, possuindo velocidades correspondentes de 2 a 8 polos e alimentados em baixa tensão, na frequência de 60 Hz, onde foi possível verificar ganhos acumulados de rendimento, em alguns casos, acima de 10% no referido período. A legislação brasileira para o desempenho de motores elétricos teve papel importante no ganho de rendimento dos últimos anos. Neste sentido, em sequência, o trabalho avaliou o impacto do Decreto Presidencial nº 4.508 de 11 de dezembro de 2002, sendo o primeiro documento nacional a estabelecer o rendimento mínimo dos motores elétricos trifásicos de indução com rotor em gaiola de esquilo. Posteriormente, a Portaria nº 553/2005 avançou nas exigências para os níveis de rendimento e, recentemente, a Portaria nº 1/2017 eleva o patamar mínimo de rendimento. Em relação a essas três legislações, foi analisado o comportamento do rendimento de 435 motores ensaiados entre 2015 e 2016, com potências entre 1 CV e 250 CV para as 4 velocidades normatizadas. Todos os dados foram coletados, por meio de ensaios, no Laboratório de Máquinas Elétricas do Instituto de Energia e Ambiente da Universidade de São Paulo, o qual disponibilizou os resultados para esta pesquisa, de maneira que esta dissertação apresenta dados medidos. Os resultados desta dissertação fornecem subsídios para a comparação dos padrões de rendimento dos motores elétricos comercializados no Brasil, bem como na análise das mudanças que uma decisão política pode provocar. / The three-phase induction motor was the main element of increased productivity in the second industrial revolution in the late nineteenth century in Europe and the United States. Currently, in world terms, it is the main load in the electrical systems, reaching up to 65% of the consumption in Brazil. During the 20th century, electric motors underwent intense processes of technological innovations that allowed significant gains in efficiency. Thus, initially, this dissertation analyzes the performance of 419 electric motors with mechanical power of 5 HP, 50 HP and 200 HP, of national manufacture or imported, tested between 1945 and 2016, having corresponding speeds of 2 to 8 poles and fed in low voltage, in the frequency of 60 Hz, where it was possible to verify accumulated gains in efficiency, in some cases, above 10% in said period. The Brazilian legislation for the performance of electric motors played an important role in the income gain of the last years. In this sense, in sequence, the work evaluated the impact of the Presidential Decree No. 4,508 of December 11, 2002, being the first national document to establish the minimum performance of three-phase induction electric motors with a rotor in the squirrel cage. Subsequently, Ordinance No. 553/2005 advanced the requirements for performance levels, and recently Ordinance No. 1/2017 has raised the minimum level of performance. In relation to these three legislations, the measured performance behavior of 435 motors tested between 2015 and 2016, with powers between 1 HP and 250 HP for the 4 regulated speeds was analyzed. All data were collected by means of tests in the Laboratory of Electrical Machines of the Institute of Energy and Environment of the University of São Paulo, which provided the results for this research, so that this dissertation presents measured data. The results of this dissertation provide subsidies for the comparison of the performance standards of commercial electric motors in Brazil, as well as the analysis of the changes that a political decision can cause.

O motor de indução trifásico foi o elemento principal de aumento de produtividade na segunda revolução industrial no final do século XIX na Europa e nos Estados Unidos. Atualmente, em termos mundiais, é a principal carga nos sistemas elétricos, chegando a atingir mais de 65% do consumo no Brasil. Durante o século XX, os motores elétricos sofreram intensos processos de inovações tecnológicas que possibilitaram significativos ganhos de rendimento. Assim, inicialmente, esta dissertação analisa o rendimento de 419 motores elétricos com potência mecânica de 5 CV, 50 CV e 200 CV, de fabricação nacional ou importados, ensaiados entre 1945 e 2016, possuindo velocidades correspondentes de 2 a 8 polos e alimentados em baixa tensão, na frequência de 60 Hz, onde foi possível verificar ganhos acumulados de rendimento, em alguns casos, acima de 10% no referido período. A legislação brasileira para o desempenho de motores elétricos teve papel importante no ganho de rendimento dos últimos anos. Neste sentido, em sequência, o trabalho avaliou o impacto do Decreto Presidencial nº 4.508 de 11 de dezembro de 2002, sendo o primeiro documento nacional a estabelecer o rendimento mínimo dos motores elétricos trifásicos de indução com rotor em gaiola de esquilo. Posteriormente, a Portaria nº 553/2005 avançou nas exigências para os níveis de rendimento e, recentemente, a Portaria nº 1/2017 eleva o patamar mínimo de rendimento. Em relação a essas três legislações, foi analisado o comportamento do rendimento de 435 motores ensaiados entre 2015 e 2016, com potências entre 1 CV e 250 CV para as 4 velocidades normatizadas. Todos os dados foram coletados, por meio de ensaios, no Laboratório de Máquinas Elétricas do Instituto de Energia e Ambiente da Universidade de São Paulo, o qual disponibilizou os resultados para esta pesquisa, de maneira que esta dissertação apresenta dados medidos. Os resultados desta dissertação fornecem subsídios para a comparação dos padrões de rendimento dos motores elétricos comercializados no Brasil, bem como na análise das mudanças que uma decisão política pode provocar. / The three-phase induction motor was the main element of increased productivity in the second industrial revolution in the late nineteenth century in Europe and the United States. Currently, in world terms, it is the main load in the electrical systems, reaching up to 65% of the consumption in Brazil. During the 20th century, electric motors underwent intense processes of technological innovations that allowed significant gains in efficiency. Thus, initially, this dissertation analyzes the performance of 419 electric motors with mechanical power of 5 HP, 50 HP and 200 HP, of national manufacture or imported, tested between 1945 and 2016, having corresponding speeds of 2 to 8 poles and fed in low voltage, in the frequency of 60 Hz, where it was possible to verify accumulated gains in efficiency, in some cases, above 10% in said period. The Brazilian legislation for the performance of electric motors played an important role in the income gain of the last years. In this sense, in sequence, the work evaluated the impact of the Presidential Decree No. 4,508 of December 11, 2002, being the first national document to establish the minimum performance of three-phase induction electric motors with a rotor in the squirrel cage. Subsequently, Ordinance No. 553/2005 advanced the requirements for performance levels, and recently Ordinance No. 1/2017 has raised the minimum level of performance. In relation to these three legislations, the measured performance behavior of 435 motors tested between 2015 and 2016, with powers between 1 HP and 250 HP for the 4 regulated speeds was analyzed. All data were collected by means of tests in the Laboratory of Electrical Machines of the Institute of Energy and Environment of the University of São Paulo, which provided the results for this research, so that this dissertation presents measured data. The results of this dissertation provide subsidies for the comparison of the performance standards of commercial electric motors in Brazil, as well as the analysis of the changes that a political decision can cause.

Helicopter flight dynamic, rotor aerodynamic and dynamic analyses activities have been a great dispute since the first helicopters, at both design and test stages. Predicting rotor aerodynamic and dynamic characteristics, helicopter dynamic behavior and trimmed flight conditions is a huge challenge to engineers as it involves the tradeoff between accuracy, fidelity, complexity and computational cost. Flight dynamic activities such as / predicting trim conditions, helicopter dynamic behavior and simulation of a flight condition or maneuver mostly require analysis tools with low computational cost and complexity. However this decreases accuracy and fidelity of the model. On the other hand, analyses at design stages, such as / blade geometric and structural design mostly requires accurate and higher fidelity aerodynamic load predictions over the rotor disk. Contrarily this brings high computational cost and complexity. Therefore separate analysis tools for each objective or one complete tool that can be used for all purposes are essential. Throughout this study a helicopter mathematical including trim model with a selective and modular structure is developed as a generic analysis tool. The selective structure enables the mathematical model to be used in both flight dynamic and comprehensive analysis while the modular structure plays a role as an infrastructure for further developments. The mathematical model developed is validated with flight test data of several helicopters. Besides, commercial helicopter comprehensive analysis tools are used to validate the mathematical model analyses. Results showed good agreement with the compared data.

Aviation industry has a crucial impact on society on the grounds that it offers wider social and economic benefits. The demand of transportation is increasing and it is expected that the worldwide fleet of aircraft and rotorcraft will increase accordingly. This growth will introduce an increased environmental impact which can be controlled with the introduction and the implementation of new and greener technologies which can provide both a reduced carbon foot-print and increased efficiency. Therefore, the simulation of new designs with tools that can capture the flow physics accurately is crucial, on the grounds that an accurate simulation could provide novel designs and new ways in order to design from scratch new vehicles as well as providing a better appreciation of the physics that are involved. This work has a central aim to propose a methodology which combines CFD simulations and the method of performance mapping. It focuses on the application of a ducted tail rotor which can offer significant performance benefits compared to a conventional tail rotor. The developed methodology was tested against the results of an in-house rotorcraft comprehensive code and provided a reasonable qualitative correlation. In principle, this methodology can work for all helicopter flight phases such as hover, climb, cruise, descend but due to the complexity of the investigations, together with the lack of experimental data that can be used to refine the CFD model, only the hover and forward flight were considered. Although CFD studies of a ducted tail rotor currently exist in the literature (though scarce), this work can be considered, to the best knowledge of the author as a first attempt in investigating the performance of the configuration, from low to high forward flight speed, by combining CFD and performance mapping.

This work assesses the feasibility of designing and implementing the wave rotor (WR), the pulse detonation engine (PDE) and the internal combustion wave rotor (ICWR) as part of novel Brayton cycles able to reduce emissions of future aircraft. The design and evaluation processes are performed using the simplified analytical solution of the devices as well as 1D-CFD models. A code based on the finite volume method is built to predict the position and dimensions of the slots for the WR and ICWR. The mass and momentum equations are coupled through a modified SIMPLE algorithm to model compressible flow. The code includes a novel tracking technique to ensure the global mass balance. A code based on the method of characteristics is built to predict the profiles of temperature, pressure and velocity at the discharge of the PDE and the effect of the PDEs array when it operates as combustion chamber of gas turbines. The detonation is modelled by using the NASA-CEA code as a subroutine whilst the method of characteristics incorporates a model to capture the throttling and non-throttling conditions obtained at the PDE's open end during the transient process. A medium-sized engine for business jets is selected to perform the evaluation that includes parameters such as specific thrust, specific fuel consumption and efficiency of energy conversion. The ICWR offers the best performance followed by the PDE; both options operate with a low specific fuel consumption and higher specific thrust. The detonation in an ICWR does not require an external source of energy, but the PDE array designed is simple. The WR produced an increase in the turbine performance, but not as high as the other two devices. These results enable the statement that a pressure rise combustion process behaves better than pressure exchangers for this size of gas turbine. Further attention must be given to the NOx emission, since the detonation process is able to cause temperatures above 2000 K while dilution air could be an important source of oxygen.

Un concept innovant d'aéronef convertible a été imaginé pour des applications de drone tactique. La sustentation en mode hélicoptère est assurée par un rotor situé dans le nez de l'appareil et entraîné en rotation par des hélices montées sur ses pales. Le rotor s'arrête en vol pour faire office de plan canard et ses hélices propulsent l'appareil en mode avion. Une aile fixe est ajoutée dans la queue de l'appareil, dans le flux du rotor, pour soulager la charge de ce dernier quand il est arrêté. Ainsi, le design des hélices n'est plus surdimensionné pour sustenter l'appareil en mode hélicoptère, la dimension du rotor n'est plus limitée par le fonctionnement en mode avion et la majorité des systèmes est utilisée dans les deux modes, ce qui réduit la puissance nécessaire, le poids et la trainée aérodynamique. La faisabilité de ce concept a été démontrée au cours de ces travaux de thèse. Cette dernière comprend l'analyse du comportement du système rotor, l'étude des interactions entre les appendices aérodynamiques en vol stationnaire et le contrôle au cours de la transition entre vol stationnaire et vol horizontal. Les gains en performance de ce concept par rapport aux drones tactiques existants, en termes d'autonomie et de masse de charge utile embarquée, ont été évalués dans le cadre d'une étude de conception amont. Par ailleurs, le principe de rotor propulsé par hélice a été repris et exploité dans un nouveau concept breveté qui pallie les défauts inhérents aux drones multirotors. Ces derniers se révèlent, en effet, intrinsèquement peu fiables en raison de la complémentarité de leurs différents systèmes propulsifs. / An innovative concept of convertible aircraft, conceived primarily for tactical UAV applications, is proposed as part of this thesis. The lift in helicopter mode is provided by a rotor located in the nose of the aircraft and driven in rotation by propellers mounted on its blades. The rotor stops in flight to act as a canard and its propellers propel the whole aircraft into airplane mode. A fixed wing is added to the tail, in the rotor flow, to alleviate the latter’s load when it is stopped. This removes the previous need for oversized propellers necessary to sustain the aircraft in helicopter mode. The size of the rotor is also no longer limited by airplane operations and almost all the UAV’s systems are used in both modes. This has the great advantage of reducing the required power, the weight and the aerodynamic drag. The feasibility of this concept has been demonstrated throughout the thesis work which includes rotor system behaviour analysis, the study of interactions between the different hovering aerodynamic systems and the design of the control during the transition between hover and horizontal flights.The performance gains of this concept over existing tactical drones, in terms of autonomy and on-board payload mass, were evaluated as part of conceptual design study. A model has been produced in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept’s production. The propeller-driven rotor principle, developed in this thesis, was carried over and implemented in a new patented concept which overcomes the inherent defects of multi-rotor drones.

Submitted by Everton Coelho de Medeiros null (everton.medeiros@feg.unesp.br) on 2017-08-29T19:01:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_final.pdf: 4345654 bytes, checksum: 76773f0a6cc1d17c5e1162955ff8879a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-08-29T19:06:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 medeiros_ec_me_guara.pdf: 4345654 bytes, checksum: 76773f0a6cc1d17c5e1162955ff8879a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T19:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 medeiros_ec_me_guara.pdf: 4345654 bytes, checksum: 76773f0a6cc1d17c5e1162955ff8879a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / Os estudos relacionados a máquinas rotativas são muito importantes no apoio e manutenção da operação de máquinas de grande porte, tais como turbo compressores ou turbinas. Modelos analíticos e numéricos têm sido aplicados por anos, entretanto, eles nem sempre apresentam as condições reais dessas máquinas. Por isso, o uso de procedimentos experimentais para a avaliação e validação de resultados de máquinas rotativas é importante para a etapa de projeto mecânico. O uso de modelos em escala, por exemplo, turbinas hidráulicas ou turbinas a vapor, tem sido comum nesta área. Um rotor é dividido em várias partes, sendo uma delas os elementos de suporte, mais especificamente os mancais. Os mancais podem ser divididos em vários tipos, os mais utilizados são os do tipo rolamento e tipo hidrodinâmico. Devido este último ser o mais encontrado em máquinas pesadas, seu estudo é muito importante. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar o projeto de um protótipo de um mancal hidrodinâmico e sua avaliação experimental. O mancal desenvolvido consiste de uma bucha de bronze montada sobre uma casa de mancal de alumínio e sistemas de vedação para o óleo lubrificante. As geometrias das buchas e as propriedades dos fluidos foram analisadas pela medição do comportamento dinâmico de um rotor apoiados por esses mancais. Esta avaliação foi baseada na medição de uma bancada do tipo Jeffcott apoiada em um par de mancais hidrodinâmicos em condições diversas, incluindo combinações entre mancais do tipo rolamento e hidrodinâmico, variação da geometria interna da bucha de bronze e uso de mancal de material compósito com lubrificação de contorno. Podendo concluir que mancais com buchas de geometria fixa e cilíndrica mostram um comportamento anisotrópico, causado pela diferença de rigidez entre os planos horizontal e vertical. Ao variar para mancais de geometria assimétrica (Elíptico e Offset-halves), buchas de material compósito e modificação do tipo de lubrificação este fenômeno de anisotropia é reduzido, levando a condição de apoio para mais próxima de isotrópica. A combinação entre diferentes mancais (rolamento e hidrodinâmico) levou à observação da análise de mancais montados próximo a região do acoplamento de torque e também a importância do sentido da rotação do rotor para a formação do filme de óleo e evitar o seu sobreaquecimento. / Studies related to rotary machines are very important to support and keep the operation of large machines such as turbochargers or turbines. Analytical and numerical models have been applied for years, however, they do not always present the real condition of these machines. Therefore, the use of experimental procedures for the evaluation and validation of rotating machine results is important for mechanical design step. The use of scale models, for example, hydraulic turbines or steam turbines, has been very common in this area. A rotor is divided into several parts, one of which is the support elements, more specifically the bearings. The bearings can be divided into several types, the most common are the ball/roller bearing and the hydrodynamic bearing. Due to the latter be the most applied in heavy machinery, his study is very important. This work aims to show the design of a prototype of a hydrodynamic bearing and its experimental evaluation. The developed bearing consists of a bronze bushing mounted on an aluminum bearing housing and sealing systems for lubricating oil. The bushing geometries and the properties of the fluids are analyzed by measuring the dynamic behavior of a rotor supported by these bearings. This evaluation was based on the measurement of a Jeffcott rotor test bench supported by hydrodynamic bearings under a variety of conditions, including combinations of rolling and hydrodynamic type bearings,variation of the internal geometry of the bronze bushing and use of composite material bearing for the bush with contour lubrication. It may be concluded that bearings with fixed and cylindrical geometry bearings show an anisotropic behavior caused by the difference in rigidity between the horizontal and vertical planes. When the bush is changed for asymmetric geometries (Elliptical and Offset-halves), composite material bushings and modification of the lubrication type, the anisotropy phenomenon is reduced, leading to a supportive condition closer to isotropic. The combination of different bearings (ball/roller bearing and hydrodynamic bearing) led to the observation the analysis of mounted bearings near a torque coupling region and also the importance of the direction of rotation for oil film formation and to avoid his overheating.

L'industrie aéronautique cherche à réduire son empreinte environnementale et à augmenter son efficacité. Un axe de recherche porte sur la conception de moteurs plus efficients comme le CROR, pour Counter Rotating Open Rotor. Ce moteur reprend les éléments des turboréacteurs en changeant sa soufflante carénée par doublet d'hélices contrarotatives non caréné qui augmente son rendement. Il est environ 30 % plus économique qu'un turboréacteur de puissance équivalente, mais génère un bruit important.Ce bruit a plusieurs origines, dont la principale en basse vitesse (situation de décollage ou d'atterrissage) vient de l'interaction entre les hélices du doublet. La composante la plus importante dans cette interaction est l'interaction entre l'hélice aval et les tourbillons marginaux issus de l'hélice amont. Le mécanisme de génération de bruit de cette interaction est complexe. Il a été montré dans des travaux précédemment menés à l'Onera que le type de tourbillon a une influence sur le bruit généré.L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le rayonnement acoustique de l'interaction orthogonale entre un tourbillon et une pale en rotation. L'étude porte sur des configurations simplifiées (pale simpliste, tourbillons analytiques).Le but est d'identifier et de hiérarchiser les paramètres déterminants de cette interaction, c'est-à-dire la géométrie de la pale et les propriétés du tourbillon, sur le bruit rayonné, puis de trouver une configuration silencieuse.Pour cela, une étude paramétrique est mise en place. Cette étude se base sur une approche numérique et utilise les codes de calcul Cassiopée et Kim développés à l'Onera. La modélisation physique utilise les équations d'Euler instationnaires dans leur formulation tridimensionnelle et compressible pour la dynamique des fluides et les équations de Ffowcs-Williams et Hawkings dans leur formulation sur surface solide en rotation pour le rayonnement acoustique. Les simulations sont réalisées à un ordre élevé et utilisent la méthode Chimère. L'analyse porte à la fois sur la réponse aérodynamique en champ proche et sur le rayonnement acoustique en champ lointain.À partir des résultats de cette étude paramétrique, il est prévu de rechercher des critères de design pour la réalisation de pales optimales et silencieuses.Il est ensuite prévu d'étudier, avec ces critères, la conception d'hélices de CROR valides autant sur le plan acoustique que sur le plan aérodynamique. Les applications de la thèse ne se limitent cependant pas qu'à ce moteur, mais à n'importe quelle configuration où la trajectoire d'une pale croise un tourbillon, comme sur un hélicoptère par exemple, pour l'interaction entre le sillage du rotor principal et le rotor de queue. / The aeronautics industry focuses on decreasing its ecological footprint and increasing airplanes efficiency. One way for this is to design more efficient motors, like CROR, for Counter Rotating Open Rotor. This engine, also called propfan, is quite close to a turbofan, but with a pair of counter rotating propellers instead of ducted fan, which increase its yield. The efficiency is about 30 % higher than a turbofan of equal power, but it generates a lot of noise.This noise has several causes, the main one at low speed (typical takeoff or landing situation), is due to the interaction between propellers. The higher contribution to this interaction is the interaction between rear blades and tip vortexes generated by front blades. The noise generation process of this interaction is complex. It has been shown in previous studies at Onera that vortex kind plays an important role on the generated noise.The goal of this thesis is to identify and classify the influent parameters of this interaction on the noise generation, especially the blade geometry and the vortex properties, and then, to find a silent configuration.To this aim, a parametric study is set up. This study is based on a numerical approach and uses the Cassiopée and Kim computational softwares, developed at Onera. Physical models uses Euler unsteady equations, in their three dimensional and compressible expression, for the CFD and Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equations, in their rotating solid surface expression, for the CAA. Simulations are run on high orders schemes and use the Chimera method. Analyses are based on both close field fluid dynamics and far field acoustics.With the results of this parametric study, silent and optimal blades design criteria will be find out.Then, with these criteria, it will be possible to design CROR blades which are aeroacoustically efficient as well as aerodynamically efficient. The outcomes of this thesis are not limited to CROR situation only: any configuration where a blade crosses a vortex orthogonally can benefits from this study, by instance the interaction in a helicopter between the main rotor flow and the tail rotor blades.