The purpose of this Q study was to learn the racial culture attitudes of public relations managers in charge of making decision for recruiting, hiring, communicating internally, managing clients.Twenty-one public relations managers from midwestern states: Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, Indiana, and Missouri sorted Q statements according to their philosophical beliefs concerning racial diversity in the workplace. In analyzing the Q sorts, three viewpoints were revealed; Color Blind Managers, Politically Correct Managers, and Diversity Managers."Color Blind Managers" believed that everyone should be treated equally, with no special treatment or laws that would give more help to one race over another. "Politically Correct Managers" believed equal opportunity laws and policies were discriminatory and unfair; yet conformed to orthodox liberal opinions which were sensitive to racial causes. "Diversity Managers" understood the importance of incorporating diverse cultures into everyday decision-making and still felt equal opportunity laws were needed to help society become color blind.All three factors supported equal opportunity for all individuals, but the means to creating diversity and equal opportunities were different across the factors. / Department of Journalism

This research examined the important experiences and career patterns of Black superintendents in Indiana school districts. The study helps in understanding some of the conditions that Black superintendents face in their leadership endeavors in Indiana. The study included a review of related literature on Black superintendents and their experiences in the field of educational administration in 1995-1996 and the years immediately preceding 1995-1996. The literature review summarized the limited amount of available evidence and revealed the need for current research in the area of Black superintendents. Five Black superintendents, two females and three males, were studied using qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, including face-to-face taped interviews. The study emphasizes the importance of research about Black superintendents and the need for more Black educational administrators. / Department of Educational Leadership

Although much has been written on the subject of Apartheid, much of it has usually been concerned with the social and political aspects of segregation. Apartheid, however, is essentially a geographical solution to a cultural problem, It takes the position that friction between the various races of South Africa cats be eliminated by their physical segregation.The ultimate success of Apartheid will be determined by the Bantustans -- which are the areas set aside for the settlement of the black people of South Africa. If these can become self-sufficient independent areas then much of the uncertainty facing the future of South Africa would be diffused.In researching the chances for the success of Separate Development, the following questions become apparent:1. Is Separate Development economically feasible?This question emphasizes the point that the future possibilities of the policy of Apartheid, and their instrument the Bantustan, have to be evaluated with the needs of industrial South Africa in mind. The question becomes concerned not only with the possibilities for the success of the Bantustans, but the possibilities for the continued success of white industrial South Africa in the envisaged fragmented condition.2. Are the Whites of South Africa the guardians of western civilization in South Africa?The argument is central to the theoretical basis of Apartheid, because it implies an inherent ability on the part of black South Africans to incorporate western values into their cultures. The validity of this question has to be determined in order to attempt to Judge the soundness of the reasoning behind Apartheid and, consequently, its instrument the Bantustan.The dissertation deals with the settlement patterns of South Africa, the climatic and soil features of South Africa, as well as the political development of Apartheid, and the Bantustans. Each of the aforementioned areas is essential to any attempt to evaluate the practicalities of Separate Development.After examining the problems associated with Apartheid, I came to the following conclusions. Apartheid really does not have much chance of becoming totally successful, The main reason for this is that the Bantustans, as they are presently organized, have very little possibility of becoming viable independent states.I further found that the whole policy of Separate Development is fraught with uncertainties and appears to be breaking down in certain areas. A good example is Job Reservation -- an act whereby certain types of employment are reserved for Whites has been almost eliminated.Apartheid also has problems in its theoretical formation. The theory supports the position that the differences between the various ethnic groups of South Africa are so fundamental that they could not be overcome so that all races could live in ore political entity. There is considerable evidence, of cultural syncretisms for example, which tends to refute this position.

This thesis examines organizational programmes designed to manage racial identities in the South African workplace. It focuses on race-based affirmative action (AA) programmes. The AA debate has become a proxy for a more fundamental contest over the political boundaries of legitimate action and discourse. Notwithstanding pockets of resistance, there is consensus (amongst business leaders) on the need for AA policies. This is explained, in part, by post-1994 shifts in the boundaries of legitimacy. Rejection of AA is no longer a legitimate course of action. The AA controversy seems to be serving as a litmus test for the state of race relations in SA. The political transition has been accompanied by attempts to reconstitute political identities. It is suggested that the language of Africanism is providing the conceptual grammar with which to understand these processes. Race has become the primary axis through which an African identity, apposite to the 1990s, is being theorized. In the face of economic uncertainty and inequality the temptation is to naturalize identities. Hence the appeal of strictly defined race-based AA programmes. Despite the moral lexicon which has sprung up around AA, many companies are arguing that AA makes good business sense. It is needed to meet changes in the demographic profile of the consumer and supplier markets. The political and legislative imperative to implement AA means that companies need to make sense of it economically. This is not to suggest that managers are simply having to make a leap of faith with regards to AA. The issue is more complex: whilst many are making a virtue out of necessity, this necessity may prove to have its virtues. AA programmes cannot be understood in isolation from the economic 'realities' that enable, shape and constrain them. Given these adverse economic conditions, AA will, in all likelihood, have limited individual impact. At most, its gains will be modest. It will not eliminate the apartheid legacy of racial and gender inequalities, nor can it alone overcome the effects of other economic forces. AA needs to be located within a broader policy agenda aimed at promoting economic equity. It is in this respect that it has the potential to be an effective policy tool.

The Montreal of 1928 presents a striking contrast to the Ville Marie as founded by Maisonneuve. From its particular geographic location it was destined to occupy a position of dominance in the growth of Canada. The peculiar physiographic features of the St. Lawrence River on the South and Mount Royal on the North have given the direction fo the city growth its own particular form. The phenomenon of th4e two nationalities, diverse in language, traditions, religion and culture, living side by side and paying allegiance to a common sovereign has marked the city with an atmosphere that adds to its own natural charms. With the majority French speaking people carrying on their own particular life and the English residents developing their own culture the city has been justly termed the Paris of America. [...]

Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 245-251). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / [3], ix, 251 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

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