Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-11-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:13:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 giovanini_eg_me_araca.pdf: 1544057 bytes, checksum: 1b518f21ba8bc63249a3f29eb78ba402 (MD5) / A avulsão dentária é caracterizada pelo completo deslocamento do dente do seu alvéolo e a melhor forma de tratar um dente avulsionado é o seu reimplante. Mesmo diante das melhores circunstâncias os reimplantes tardios falham devido à reabsorção radicular que é detectada apenas durante a avaliação radiográfica. A imagem digital surgiu como um recurso diagnóstico rápido e de fácil utilização sendo considerada precisa. Para diminuir a variabilidade de interpretação é sugerida a análise radiográfica quantitativa por meio da densidade radiográfica. O propósito deste trabalho foi analisar comparativamente o processo de reparo do reimplante dental em ratos utilizando a análise densitométrica no sistema digital Digora. Foram utilizados 30 ratos machos, divididos em 3 grupos de 10 animais, que tiveram seu incisivo superior direito extraído e tratado da seguinte forma: grupo I - reimplante imediato, grupo II - reimplante tardio sem tratamento e o grupo III - reimplante tardio com tratamento da superfície radicular utilizando raspagem do ligamento e fluoreto de sódio. Os animais foram sacrificados após 60 dias do ato operatório, suas maxilas foram separadas e as imagens radiográficas obtidas de forma que sobre cada placa óptica ficassem as duas hemimaxilas (tratada e controle), o penetrômetro de alumínio e a identificação. Foram realizadas medidas de densidade em áreas padronizadas no sistema Digora. Os valores densitométricos encontrados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tuckey, e análise não paramétrica do número de áreas de reabsorção. Podemos concluir que a análise densitométrica constitui um importante exame complementar para o acompanhamento dos reimplantes uma vez que permitiu a detecção de reabsorção radicular em todos os grupos, cuja ordem decrescente de envolvimento foi o grupo do reimplante tardio sem tratamento... / The dental replanted has been considered the best treatment of the tooth avulsion, which is characterized by complete alveolar dislodgment of the tooth. Despite of the adequate clinical situations, the delayed replantation fails due to the root resorption that is detected during the radiographic evaluation. The use of the digital image represent a fast and easy diagnostic resource, furthest more precise. The quantitative radiographic analysis has been suggested to reduce the interpretation variability through the radiographic density. The purpose of this work was to analyze the process of repair of the dental replanted using the digital densitometry in the Digora system. The 30 male rats were divided in 3 groups of 10 animals, and their right superior incisor were extracted and treated agreement with their group: group I - immediate replanted, group II - delayed replanted without treatment and the group III - delayed replanted with treatment of the root surface using fluoride of sodium. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days operative act, your jawbones were separate and the radiographic images obtained so that on each optical plate were the two jawbones (treated and control), the aluminum step wedge and the identification. The radiographic density of radicular standardized area in Digora system was measured. The densitometric values were submitted to the variance analysis and test of Tuckey and analysis non parametric of the number of areas root resoption. We can end that digital densitometry analysis it an important complementary for replanted evaluation once it allowed the detection of root reabsorption in all of the groups, whose decreasing order of involvement was the group of the delayed replanted without treatment, following for the delayed replanted with treatment and last the immediate replanted.

Orientador: Paulo Sérgio Flores Campos / Texto do capítulo 1 em inglês / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T12:07:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vaz_SergioLinsdeAzevedo_M.pdf: 1201820 bytes, checksum: c01a9a7bcc2ca60b934986c91f46e192 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O objetivo neste trabalho foi identificar a exatidão de alguns filtros de imagem na mensuração do nível ósseo peri-implantar, por meio da radiografia digital. Para isso, vinte implantes de titânio (Titamax, Neodent, Curitiba, PR, Brasil) foram instalados em seis fragmentos de costelas bovinas, nas quais foram criados defeitos do tipo perda óssea. Utilizando um sistema intra-bucal de placas de fósforo (Vista Scan, Dürr Dental, Beitigheim-Bissingen, Alemanha), radiografias periapicais foram realizadas posicionando os implantes segundo a técnica do paralelismo. Após a obtenção das imagens, nove filtros do software DBSWIN foram aplicados: fine, caries 1, caries 2, perio, endo, noise reduction, invert, emboss e sculpture. Um avaliador mensurou as distâncias entre o ombro do implante à porção mais apical do defeito no software Image J. Os defeitos também foram mensurados nas costelas bovinas utilizando um paquímetro digital. O teste não-paramétrico de Friedman comparou os valores obtidos nas imagens com aplicação dos filtros aos encontrados nas imagens originais e nas costelas bovinas, adotando nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes para os filtros caries1, caries2, endo e perio (P < 0.05) tanto em relação às imagens originais, quanto em relação às mensurações obtidas com o paquímetro. As mensurações obtidas com as imagens originais, filtros fine e emboss foram mais próximas às obtidas com o paquímetro. Concluiu-se que os filtros fine e emboss foram os mais exatos na mensuração do nível ósseo peri-implantar, sendo equiparáveis às imagens originais. Os filtros caries1, caries2, endo e perio foram os menos exatos, não sendo indicados para este fim / Abstract: This study aimed to identify the accuracy of some enhancement filters of an intraoral phosphor-plate system for measuring the simulated periimplant bone level. Twenty titanium implants (Titamax, Neodent, Curitiba, PR, Brazil) were placed into six fragments of bovine ribs and defects simulating bone loss were created. Periapical radiographs were taken with a phosphor-plate system (Vista Scan, Dürr Dental, Beitigheim-Bissingen, Germany) according to the paralleling standard technique, and nine enhancement filters were applied: fine, caries 1, caries 2, perio, endo, noise reduction, invert, emboss and sculpture. An oral radiologist measured on the Image J software the distance from the neck of the implant to the most apical contact of the bone with the implant. The Friedman non-parametric test compared the radiographic measurements to those obtained on the bovine ribs with a digital caliper. The significance level adopted was 5%. The caries1, caries2, endo, and perio filters resulted on measurements statistically different from both the original images and the measures of the digital caliper (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the fine and emboss filters resulted on the most precise filters, with similar measures to the original images. The caries1, caries2, endo, and perio filters were the less accurate for measuring the periimplant bone level / Mestrado / Radiologia Odontologica / Mestre em Radiologia Odontológica

<p>Karcinom dojke predstavlja najče&scaron;ću malignu neoplazmu među ženskom populacijom, a po&scaron;tedna terapija dojke, preferirani je model lečenja bolesnica u ranom stadijumu bolesti. Smatra se da je optimalna hirur&scaron;ka resekciona margina 2 mm. Opisano je mnogo metoda koje služe za intraoperativnu proveru suficijentnosti resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine i sve one imaju svoje prednosti i mane. Ciljevi ove studije bili su da se utvrdi, da li postoji statistički značajna razlika u određivanju &scaron;irine negativne resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine izražene u milimetrima pri operacijama karcinoma dojke upotrebom palpatorne metode i intraoperativne mobilne radiografije, poređenjem nalaza merenja hiruga sa većim i manjim iskustvom u hirurgiji karcinoma dojke kao i nalaza radiologa u odnosu na patohistolo&scaron;ku ex tempore analizu. Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao retrospektivno&ndash;prospektivna studija na Klinici za operativnu onkologiju, Instituta za onkologiju Vojvodine i obuhvatilo je 150 bolesnica kod kojih je preoperativno dijagnostikovan karcinom dojke. Kriterijum za uključenje u studiju bilo je izvođenje po&scaron;tedne operacije dojke sa ili bez disekcije ipsilaterale aksile, dok su iz studije isključene bolesnice kod kojih nije bilo moguće izvesti po&scaron;tednu operaciju dojke, one sa radiolo&scaron;ki potvrđenom diseminovanom bole&scaron;ću, kao i bolesnice koje su ranije operisane zbog karcinoma iste dojke. Kod svih 150 ekstirpiranih karcinoma dojke urađena je procena &scaron;irine resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine intraoperativno palpatornom metodom, zatim na aparatu za mobilnu digitalnu radiografiju, te radiogram analiziran od strane iskusnog i manje iskusnog hiruga u hirurgiji karcinoma dojke, kao i radiologa te upoređen sa nalazom ex tempore patohistolo&scaron;ke analize. Definitivna &scaron;irina resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine potvrđena je na parafinskim patohistolo&scaron;kim preparatima. Srednja vrednost praćenja bolesnica, postoperativno, iznosila je 100,97 nedelja. Najveći broj bolesnica pripadao je starijoj životnoj dobi (56,67%). Preoperativna lokalizacija klinički nepalpabilnih tumora u dojci urađena je kod 52 (34,67%) bolesnice. Najče&scaron;će se tumor prezentovao kao solitarni fokus sa okolnim ognji&scaron;tima in situ karcinoma (72, 48%), dok je najče&scaron;ći histolo&scaron;ki subtip bio duktalni invazivni karcinom dojke (112 (74,67%)). Najveći broj operacija dojke okarakterisan je kao kvadrantektomija (85 (56,67)), dok je najučestalija operacija aksile bilo određivanje limfnog čvora stražara (119 (79,33%). Analizom rada aparata za mobilnu digitalnu radiografiju do&scaron;li smo do saznanja da nema statistički značajne razlike u oceni kvaliteta radiograma i &scaron;irine resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine merene na aparatu za mobilnu digitalnu radiografiju između iskusnog hirurga i radiologa. Statistički značajna razlika nije uočena ni pri merenju &scaron;irine resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine izražene u milimetrima na aparatu za mobilnu digitalnu radiografiju od strane iskusnog hirurga i radiologa u odnosu na ex tempore patohistolo&scaron;ku analizu, dok je ista uočena nakon definitivne patohistolo&scaron;ke analize. &Scaron;ansa doresekcije tkiva dojke nakon merenja na aparatu za mobilnu digitalnu radiografiju je 1,4 puta veća nego nakon patohistolo&scaron;ke ex tempore analize. Lokalni recidiv javio se kod jedne pacijentkinje tokom perioda praćenja. Ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u određivanju &scaron;irine resekcione hirur&scaron;ke margine izražene u milimetrima upotrebom aparata za mobilnu digitalnu radiografiju od strane iskusnog hirurga i radiologa u odnosu na patohistolo&scaron;ku ex tempore analizu, dok ista postoji nakon analize radiograma od strane manje iskusnog hirurga. Palpatorna metoda se ne može smatrati sigurnom metodom u određivanju &scaron;irine hirur&scaron;ke resekcione margine. Ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u broju doresekcije tkiva dojke između hirurga sa različitim hirur&scaron;kim iskustvom.</p> / <p>Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in the female population, and conservative breast therapy is the preferred treatment model for patients in early stages of the disease. The optimal surgical resection margin, from healthy breast tissue around the primary tumor is 2 mm. Many methods have been described that serve to check the resection margin during breast conservative surgery and all of them have their advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference in the determination of the width of the negative resection margin expressed in millimeters in breast cancer surgery using palpatory method and intraoperative mobile specimen radiography, comparing the findings of measuring of surgeons with greater and lesser experience in breast cancer surgery as well as the findings of the radiologist in relation to histopathological ex tempore and definitive histopathological analysis. The study was conducted as a retrospective - prospective study at the Clinic for Operative Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina and included 150 patients who were preoperatively diagnosed with breast cancer. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the opportunity to perform breast conservative surgery with or without complete axillary lymph node dissection. Patients that were treated with breast amputation, those with radiological confirmed disseminated disease, as well as patients previously operated from cancer were excluded from the study. For all 150 extirpated breast cancers, an estimate of the width of the resection surgical margin was performed intraoperatively with a palpatory method, followed by measuring on device for mobile specimen digital radiography, and a radiogram was analyzed by an experienced and less experienced surgeon in breast cancer surgery, as well as by a radiologist and compared with an ex tempore histopathological analysis. The definitive width of the resection surgical margin was confirmed on histopathological preparations. The mean follow-up, postoperatively, was 100.97 weeks. The majority of patients belonged to the elderly age (56.67%). Preoperative localization of clinically impalpable breast tumors was performed in 52 (34.67%) patients. Most often the tumor was presented as a solitary focus with surrounding foci of in situ cancer (72, 48%), while the most common histological subtype was invasive ductal breast cancer (112 (74.67%)). The majority of breast operations were characterized like quadrantectomy (85 (56.67)), while the most frequent axillary surgery was the determination of the sentinel lymph node (119 (79.33%). No significant difference was observed in the evaluation of radiography quality and the width of the resection surgical margin measured on the mobile digital radiography device between the experienced surgeon and the radiologist. No statistically significant difference was observed in the measurement of the width of the resection surgical margin expressed in millimeters on the mobile digital radiography device by the experienced surgeon and radiologist versus ex tempore histopathological analysis, while the statistical difference was observed after definite histopathological analysis. The chance of breast tissue reexcision after measurement on a mobile digital radiography device is 1.4 times higher than after histopathological ex tempore analysis. Local relapse occurred in one patient during the follow-up period. There is no statistically significant difference in the determination of the width of the resection surgical margin expressed in millimeters using a mobile digital radiography device by an experienced surgeon in breast cancer surgery and radiologist with respect to histopathological ex tempore analysis. However, the statistical difference exists after radiogram analysis by a less experienced surgeon. The palpatory method cannot be considered as a safe method in determining the width of a surgical resection margin. There is no statistically significant difference in the number of breast tissue additional resections between surgeons with different surgical experience.</p>

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 91-98.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Accurate determination of working length during endodontic therapy is a crucial step in achieving a predictable outcome. This is determined by the use of electronic apex locators, tactile perception, and knowledge of average tooth lengths and/or dental radiography whether digital or conventional is utilized. It is the aim of this study to determine if there is a difference between Schick digital radiography and Kodak Insight conventional film in accurately determining working lengths when modifying exposure time and source-film/sensor distance. Twelve teeth with size 15 K-flex files at varying known lengths from the anatomical apex were mounted in a resin-plaster mix to simulate bone density. Each tooth was radiographed while varying the source-film/sensor distance and exposure 122 time. Four dental professionals examined the images and films independently. Ten images and 10 films were selected at random and re-examined to determine each examiner?s repeatability. The error in working length was calculated as the observed value minus the known working length for each tooth type. A mixed-effects, full-factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to model the error in working length. Included in the ANOVA model were fixed effects for type of image, distance, exposure time, and all two-way and three-way interactions. The repeatability of each examiner for each film type was assessed by estimating the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The repeatability of each examiner on digital film was good with ICCs ranging from 0.67 to 1.0. Repeatability on the conventional film was poor with ICCs varying from -0.29 to 0.55.We found there was an overall difference between the conventional and digital films (p < 0.001). After adjusting for the effects of distance and exposure time, the error in the working length from the digital image was 0.1 mm shorter (95% CI: 0.06, 0.14) than the error in the working length from the film image. There was no difference among distances (p = 0.999) nor exposure time (p = 0.158) for film or images. Based on the results of our study we conclude that although there is a statistically significant difference, there is no clinically significant difference between digital radiography and conventional film when exposure time and source-film/sensor distance are adjusted.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Accurate determination of working length during endodontic therapy is critical in achieving a predictable and successful outcome. Working length is determined by the use of electronic apex locators, tactile perception, knowledge of average tooth lengths and dental radiography. Due to the increasing use of digital radiography in clinical practice, a comparison with conventional film in working length determination is justified. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference between Schick digital radiography and Kodak Ultra-speed film in the accurate determination of working lengths when vertical angulation of the object is variable. Twelve teeth with #15 K-flex files at varying known lengths from the anatomical apex were mounted in a resin-plaster mix to simulate bone density. A mounting jig for the standardization of projection geometries allowed for exact changes in vertical angulation as it related to the object (tooth) and the film/sensor. Each tooth was imaged using Schick CDR and Kodak Ultra-speed film at varying angles with a consistent source-film distance and exposure time. Four dental professionals examined the images and films independently and measured the distance from the tip of the file to radiographic apex and recorded their results. The error in working length was calculated as the observed value minus the known working length for each tooth type. A mixed-effects, full-factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to model the error in working length. Included in the ANOVA model were fixed effects for type of image, vertical angulation, and the interaction of angle and film type. Tooth type and examiner were included in the model as random effects assuming a compound symmetry covariance structure. The repeatability of each examiner, for each film type, was assessed by estimating the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The ICC was determined when 12 randomly selected images and radiographs were reevaluated 10 days after initial measurements. The repeatability of each examiner for Schick CDR was good with ICCs ranging from 0.67 to 1.0. Repeatability for the conventional film was poor with ICCs varying from -0.29 to 0.55. We found the error in the working length was not significantly different between film types (p = 0.402). After adjusting for angle, we found that error in the working length from the digital image was only 0.02 mm greater (95-percent CI: -0.03, 0.06) than the conventional film. Furthermore, there was not a significant difference among the angles (p = 0.246) nor in the interaction of image type with angle (p = 0.149). Based on the results of our study, we conclude that there is not a statistically significant difference in determining working length between Schick CDR and Kodak Ektaspeed film when vertical angulation is modified.