• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo do efeito deletério do iodo-131 nas glândulas salivares de camundongos tratados ou não com laser de baixa potência / Study of Iodine-131 ablation effects in mice salivary glands treated and not treated with low-power laser irradiation

Magliano, Gabriela Campos 14 February 2019 (has links)
O tratamento com o iodo-131, conhecido como iodoterapia, já é bem estabelecido para tumores de tireoide diferenciados, porém, pode ter como importante efeito colateral o desenvolvimento da hipofunção das glândulas salivares. Dados recentes da literatura relatam casos de sialoadenite e xerostomia em pacientes submetidos à iodoterapia, no entanto, poucos estudos analisam o seu efeito na função e morfologia do tecido glandular, o que dificulta o aparecimento de métodos preventivos e curativos para essas complicações. Com isso e baseado em estudos que indicam resultados promissores da terapia fotobiomoduladora, com laser de baixa potência, no tratamento da hipofunção das glândulas salivares; este trabalho teve como objetivo compreender o efeito da iodoterapia sobre as glândulas salivares e analisar se a terapia de fotobiomodulação é capaz de evitar o dano ao tecido. Para isto, foi estabelecido o protocolo de indução da hipofunção das glândulas salivares através da iodoterapia em 70 camundongos BALB/c; os quais foram divididos em três grupos: C, controle (n=30); I, submetidos à iodoterapia (n=20); e IL, submetidos à iodoterapia e terapia fotobiomoduladora para a hipofunção das glândulas salivares (n=20), com um comprimento de onda de 808 nm, espectro infravermelho, potência de 100 mW, energia de 1 J e 10 s por ponto, totalizando uma densidade de energia de 35,7J/cm². Os animais foram avaliados em três tempos experimentais; T1: antes da iodoterapia, T2: 10 dias após a iodoterapia, e T3: 90 dias após a iodoterapia. Logo após a eutanásia, houve a remoção das glândulas salivares parótidas e submandibulares, para análises morfológicas e imuno-histoquímicas, para a determinação quantitativa de células apoptóticas e expressão dos canais de sódio e iodo, cujos resultados mostraram que a iodoterapia com o iodo-131 promoveu, nas glândulas salivares parótida e submandibular, a inibição dos canais de sódio e iodo, aumento de células apoptóticas e alteração do estroma glandular, com diminuição na concentração de colágeno e atrofia das unidades secretoras terminais. Além disso, também foi observado que a TFBM com laser de baixa potência foi eficaz na modulação dos efeitos inflamatórios causados pelo iodo-131, aumentando a produção de colágeno no tecido glandular, modulando a inflamação nas unidades secretoras terminais, reativando expressão do NIS e controlando a apoptose celular. Com os resultados obtidos no presente estudo, concluímos que que a iodoterapia causa hipofunção das glândulas salivares parótidas e submandibulares e que a terapia de fotobiomodulação se mostrou uma terapia eficaz e promissora para prevenir e atenuar estes efeitos colaterais. / Radioiodine treatment (RI), is a usual treatment for thyroid tumours, which may have the salivary gland hypofunction (SGH) as an important side effect. Sialoadenitis and xerostomia were reported in patients submitted to RI, however, only a few studies have analyzed its effect on function and morphology of glandular tissue, which makes it difficult to discover preventive and curative methods for these complications. Based on this and on the positive effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the treatment of HGS, the aim of the present study was to understand the effect of RI on salivary glands and to examine whether the PBMT is capable of preventing tissue damage. Thus, the protocol of induction of SGH by RI was performed in 70 BALB / c mice; which were divided into three groups: C, control (n = 30); I, submitted to RI (n = 20); and IL, submitted to RI and PBMT (n = 20). The animals were analysed in three different experimental times; T1: before RI, T2: 10 days after RI, and T3: 90 days after RI. Shortly after euthanasia, the parotid and submandibular salivary glands, were surgically removed for morphological and immunohistochemical analyzes, for the quantitative determination of apoptotic cells and expression of the sodium and iodine channels. The data showed an inhibition of sodium and iodine channels, increase of apoptotic cells and alteration of the glandular stroma, with destruction of collagen and atrophy of the secretory units in salivary glands, after RI. It was also observed that the PBMT seems to have been effective in modulating the effects of this inflammatory condition, increasing collagen production in the glandular tissue, modulating inflammation in the terminal secretory units, reactivating NIS expression and controlling cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, the RI caused hypofunction of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands and the PBMT was able to prevent and attenuate this side effect.
2

Jämförelse mellan planara scintigrafi- och SPECT/CT-bilder för massuppskattning av tyreoidea inför radiojodbehandling

Gabos, Beatrice January 2016 (has links)
Hypertyreos kännetecknas av en förhöjd funktion i tyreoidea vilket bidrar till en ökad frisättning av tyreoideahormonerna thyroxin och trijodtyronin som påverkar ämnesomsättningen i kroppen. Graves’ sjukdom, toxisk nodös struma och autonomt adenom är olika varianter av hypertyreos som behandlas med radiojodbehandling respektive tyreostatikabehandling eller med kirurgi. Vid radiojodbehandling är det viktigt att massan av tyreoidea bestäms korrekt för att undvika över- respektive underbehandling. För närvarande är planar scintigrafi (PS) den mätmetod som används på isotopterapiavdelningen vid Skånes universitetssjukhus i Lund. Vid PS erhålls tvådimensionella bilder som används för uppskattning av massan. De tvådimensionella bilderna ger ingen djupinformation vilket kan leda till att tjockleken av tyreoidea feluppskattas. Tjockleken behövs för att erhålla en korrekt tyreoideamassa, och för att minimera denna feluppskattning kan en SPECT/CT-mätning (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography) utföras där tredimensionella bilder erhålls. Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera hur uppskattningen av tyreoideamassan skiljer sig mellan de två mätmetoderna samt hur radiojodbehandlingen kan påverkas av detta. Studien omfattade fantommätningar samt bildtagning på 19 deltagare med hypertyreos. Resultaten visade att massuppskattningen av tyreoidea skiljer sig mellan PS- och SPECT/CT-mätningar. SPECT/CT-mätningarna förväntades ge en bättre massuppskattning vilket ger att skillnaderna mellan mätmetoderna påvisade över respektive underbehandlingar av tyreoidea jämfört med standarddoserna somanvänds på kliniken. / Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overactive thyroid which contributes to anexcessive production of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine which are responsible for regulation of the metabolism. Graves’ disease, multinodular goiter and toxic adenoma are different disorders that are treated with antithyroid medications, radioiodine treatment or surgery. For radioiodine treatment the thyroid mass is an important parameter that needs to be determined correctly to avoid an incorrect treatment. The thyroid mass is currently estimated by planar scintigraphy (PS) at the department of radionuclide therapy at Skånes University Hospital in Lund. PS provides two-dimensional imaging of the thyroid, which is used to determine the mass of the thyroid. Two-dimensional images do not give any information about the depth information which can cause errors in estimation of the thyroid thickness. The thickness of the thyroid is essential to obtain a correct thyroid mass, to minimize the errors a three-dimensional imaging can be made with a SPECT/CT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography-/Computed Tomography). The aim of this study is to evaluate how the estimation of the thyroid mass differs between the two measurement methods and also how that can affect the radioiodine treatment. The study included phantom measurements and 19 participants with hyperthyroidism. The results of this study showed that the estimation of the thyroid mass differ between the PS- and SPECT/CT-measurements. The SPECT/CT-measurements is assumed to give more accurate mass estimations and given this, the differences of estimated mass showed both over- and undertreated thyroid compared with the standard doses that are used in the clinic.

Page generated in 0.0634 seconds