Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2017808 bytes, checksum: 0161ab3eebb6d1e4c9df67e2aa888379 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The ever so accelerated population growth in several countries coupled to water resources scarcity have become a crucial problem worldwide. According to the UN, the demand for water is twice as much as that of population growth; so many countries will suffer serious problems of water availability, which will certainly be a challenge for most governments to ensure sufficient supply of drinking water for the population. Among the alternative sources of water supply, one of the most promising is that derived from rainwater collecting; where drinking water is replaced by water which is both less expensive and far more accessible, preserving, therefore, its use where drinkability would not be needed. The purpose of the present research is to analyze the quality of rainwater in the city of João Pessoa and to compare it with several quality standards according to its usages in a residence. Samples were collected at 5 points of the system, namely: direct collection from the atmosphere following water precipitation over roofs; from the first millimeters of precipitation collected from water discarded devices; and from two storage reservoirs. Results revealed that rainwater quality both in its raw state and before its contact with the capturing surface is good; therefore, compatible with the standards established by the NBR's No.15.527/07 and No.13.969/97 (classes 1, 2 and 3), by ANA/05 (class1), and by CONAMA Resolution No.357/05 (class1 of freshwater). Upon flowing over the roof, water quality is deteriorated due to the accumulation of impurities, especially after a dry season. However, it was found that by giving rainwater a simplified treatment, such as simple filtration, or by discarding water from first rains, its quality may be restored up to a satisfactory level, making it compatible to non-potable use, such as in toilet discharge, general cleaning and garden watering. By examining the Ministry of Health Decree No. 2.914/2011, one could verify that the non-conformity alone with the established standards for total and fecal coliforms may render water useless for potable purposes. / O acelerado crescimento populacional em diversos países e a escassez dos recursos hídricos têm se tornado uma preocupação crescente em todo o mundo. De acordo com a ONU, a demanda de água cresce com velocidade duas vezes maior que o crescimento da população, desta forma haverá sérios problemas de disponibilidade hídrica em muitos países e que será um desafio para os governos assegurar um adequado abastecimento de água potável a toda população. Dentre as fontes alternativas para o abastecimento de água uma das mais promissoras é a captação de águas pluviais para aproveitamento, onde a água potável é substituída por uma água menos cara e mais acessível, preservando assim o seu uso onde não seria necessária a potabilidade. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é de analisar a qualidade da água de chuva na cidade de João Pessoa, para fins de comparação com diversos padrões de qualidade conforme os usos da água em residências. No sistema de captação montado para o estudo foram coletadas amostras em 5 pontos do sistema, quais sejam: coleta direta da atmosfera, após escoamento sobre o telhado, nos dispositivos de descarte dos primeiros milímetros de precipitação, e em 2 reservatórios de acumulação. Os resultados mostraram que a qualidade da água pluvial em seu estado bruto e antes de entrar em contato com a superfície de captação é boa, compatível com os padrões estabelecidos pelas NBR s Nº 15.527/07 e Nº 13.969/97 (classes 1, 2 e 3), pela ANA/05 (classe 1) e pela Resolução CONAMA Nº 357/05 (classe 1 de água doce). Ao escoar pelo telhado a qualidade da água se deteriora devido ao acúmulo de impurezas, principalmente após um período de estiagem. Entretanto, verificou-se que promovendo tratamento simplificado à água de chuva, como a filtração simples ou o descarte das primeiras chuvas, a qualidade dela volta a ser satisfatória, podendo ser aproveitada para fins não potáveis, tais como descarga de vasos sanitários, lavagem de pisos e veículos, irrigação de jardins. Em relação à Portaria do Ministério da Saúde Nº 2.914/11, verificou-se o não atendimento apenas aos padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos para os coliformes totais e fecais, não devendo, portanto, a água ser utilizada com finalidades potáveis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T12:12:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Erica Lemos Gil1.pdf: 2862645 bytes, checksum: d9189d14056d9e724d267c119b4f37a0 (MD5) Erica Lemos Gil2.pdf: 1440072 bytes, checksum: 3284e71e614fe6c3e919fb4e13e8b416 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-07 / The objects of study in this research are projects of residential architecture with capture and use of rainwater. The research aims to address the use of rainwater as a condition for architectural projects; shows how the systems, which captures and use the rainwater, impacts on architecture and in the city; raise, through interviews, the architect´s "design stance" to guide and reference new architectural proposals. The results of the research detects the importance of these systems in architectural projects, shows that its design should be started already in the stage of preliminary study, also shows changes in the architect s design stance ; and concludes that, in São Paulo, the volume of rainwater that can be captured and used in residential edifications, for not potable purposes, is very significant. The research s conclusions and data can support future researches and disseminate the proposition of the use of rainwater in architectural projects. / Os objetos de estudo desta pesquisa são projetos de arquitetura de residências unifamiliares com captação e aproveitamento de águas pluviais. A pesquisa tem como objetivos abordar o aproveitamento de águas pluviais como condicionante dos projetos arquitetônicos; verificar como os sistemas de captação e aproveitamento de águas pluviais impactam na arquitetura e na cidade; levantar, através de entrevistas, a postura projetual de arquitetos e contribuir para referenciar novas propostas no âmbito da arquitetura. Os dados da pesquisa detectam a importância da proposição destes sistemas nos projetos de arquitetura; mostram que sua concepção deve ser iniciada já na etapa de estudo preliminar, evidenciam mudanças na postura projetual dos arquitetos neste sentido e concluem que, para o município de São Paulo, o volume de águas pluviais que pode ser captado em residências unifamiliares e aproveitado para fins não potáveis é bastante significativo. As conclusões e dados obtidos podem subsidiar futuras pesquisas e divulgar a proposição do aproveitamento de águas pluviais em projetos arquitetônicos.

The diploma thesis is focused on Storm water management in urban areas. The first task for processing thesis was to arrange meeting with MČ Brno - Bohunice Ing. Antonín Crha, who has provided necessary information about the targeted location the and the reservoir for accumulation of rainwater collected. The practical part of the thesis is to capture the rainwater drainage in the existing rainwater sewerage system using the newly built pumping station and then pumping into the existing, unused reservoir. Accumulated water in the reservoir is planned to be used for the needs of the city, gardeners and other customers. The first part of the diploma thesis describes the management of refined water in the Czech Republic, Denmark and Germany. The first part also provides description of measures and technologies for the management of rainwater. Finally, there is description of the pumping station and borehole objects and the program for calculating the rainfall from the urbanized area. In the practical part of the diploma thesis the selected variants are described, rewarded and evaluated. The diploma thesis deals with two variants, that are guided along the same route, with the difference of the construction of the drilled well in the second variant. Both variants are handled by pumping. The option of the gravity inflow was rejected because of the large countersink of rainwater sewerage.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:28:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1701770 bytes, checksum: df336a3ba31c20c51b489e214ecd333b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Airport environments are great water consumers and use significant amounts of these resources to attend non-potable demands. The need for non-potable water and the presence of large roof areas, as well as the existence of bird control programs and the absence of large trees all make airports potential places for the implementation of processes and technologies for water conservation through rainwater use systems. This study had the objective to assess the potential for rainwater collected from the roofs in the Tancredo Neves International Airport Complex, in Confins, Minas Gerais, to attend its non-potable water demands, and also to propose a treatment which is economically feasible and ease to be replicated. / Ambientes aeroportuários são pontos de consumo significativos de água e utilizam quantidades expressivas desse bem no atendimento a demandas não potáveis. A elevada necessidade de água não potável, em consonância com a presença de grandes áreas de telhados, existência de programas de controle de pássaros e ausência de árvores de grande porte, configuram os aeroportos como ambientes potenciais à implementação de medidas, processos e tecnologias com vistas à conservação da água através de sistemas de aproveitamento de água pluvial. Este estudo pretendeu avaliar o potencial do Aeroporto Internacional Tancredo Neves AITN, Confins, Minas Gerais, na utilização de água pluvial provenientes de telhados para atendimento de demandas não potáveis e a proposição de uma tecnologia de tratamento economicamente viável e de fácil replicação.

The diploma thesis is focused on Storm water management in urban areas. The first task for processing thesis was to arrange meeting with MČ Brno - Bohunice Ing. Antonín Crha, who has provided necessary information about the targeted location the and the reservoir for accumulation of rainwater collected. The practical part of the thesis is to capture the rainwater drainage in the existing rainwater sewerage system using the newly built pumping station and then pumping into the existing, unused reservoir. Accumulated water in the reservoir is planned to be used for the needs of the city, gardeners and other customers. The first part of the diploma thesis describes the management of refined water in the Czech Republic, Denmark and Germany. The first part also provides description of measures and technologies for the management of rainwater. Finally, there is description of the pumping station and borehole objects and the program for calculating the rainfall from the urbanized area. In the practical part of the diploma thesis the selected variants are described, rewarded and evaluated. The diploma thesis deals with two variants, that are guided along the same route, with the difference of the construction of the drilled well in the second variant. Both variants are handled by pumping. The option of the gravity inflow was rejected because of the large countersink of rainwater sewerage.

The aim of my master's project is to design a new building of kindergarden with nearly zero energy consumption. The project consists of three main parts. The first part is to create project documentation. The building is designed regarding to architectural expression. The kindergarden is split into two departments each for twenty children. It is single storey building with saddle roof. It is based on concrete foundation and under them there is foam glass. External walls are made of sand-lime blocks which are insulated with a contact thermal insulation system. The second part is to assess the energy performance of the building and usage of energy from renewable sources. The building uses ground source heat pump as a heating, air is provided by mechanical ventilation with heat recovery and eleckricity is partly provided by a photovoltaic system. The last part of master's project evaluates the building by the method of multi–criteria analysis. For this evaluation I used national method SBToolCZ.

The Master's thesis solves questions about sanitation installations in a multiple dwelling house with underground garages in Brno. The theoretical part of this work focuses on the analysis of the topic with an emphasis on the management with rainwater. The work also focuses on the possible alternative solutions of the given specialization. Technical part solves the installation of sanitary of this apartment building in the selected variant. It is a multiple storey building, where five floors are used for housing and two underground floors are used mostly for parking.

The aim of this master´s thesis is the elaboration of project documentation for kindergarten with almost zero energy consumption. The project consists of three main parts. The first part is devoted to the civil engineering design of the building. The building is designed regarding to architectural expression, quality of made and type of use. The kindergarten is designed with capacity of 48 children split into two departments. The second part is devoted to the design of HVAC systems. The building uses mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, heating is provided by two gas boilers and the need of electricity is provided by a photovoltaic system. Captured rainwater is used effectively. The third part values the building regarding the method of multi–criteria analysis. For this evaluation uses national method SBToolCZ.