The advent of 5th generation of mobile networks (5G) will introduce some new challenges for the transport network. Different strategies can be employed by the network providers to address these challenges with the aim to achieve an efficient utilization of network resources. The most feasible option to achieve this goal is to introduce intelligence in the transport infrastructure by designing a flexible and programmable transport network. Network function virtualization (NFV) and dynamic resource sharing (DRS) are two possible techniques for realizing a flexible transport network. NFV allows to dynamically push network functions to different locations in the network, while DRS allows for sharing transport resources in a flexible manner. Both of these strategies can be realized by employing a programmable control framework based on software defined networking (SDN), which has implications on both the network data and control planes. However, this thesis specifically focuses on the data plane aspects of NFV and the control plane aspects of DRS. Considering the network caching as a specific example of network function, the data plane aspects of NFV are studied in terms of different architectural options for cache placement in order to see which options are the most efficient in terms of network power consumption and cost. The results presented in this thesis show that placing large-sized caches farther in the network for a large group of users is the most efficient approach. The control plane aspects of DRS are analyzed in terms of which provisioning strategy should be used for sharing a limited amount of transport resources. The analysis is presented for both a single-tenant case (i.e., where the role of service and network provider is played by the same entity), and a multi-tenant case (i.e., where a network provider manages the resources assigned to different service providers in an intelligent way). The results show that DRS performs much better than the conventional static approach (i.e., without sharing of resources), which translates into significant cost savings for the network providers. / <p>QC 20161115</p>

No / Over the past decade, wireless communications has experienced tremendous growth, and this growth is likely to multiply in the near future. The proliferation of mobile users and an ever increasing demand for multimedia services has resulted in greater capacity requirements. Radio frequency spectrum is scarce and cannot meet this ever increasing demand and the required Quality of Service (QoS) will no longer be achieved if efficient Radio Resource Management (RRM) solutions are not found. Conventional Radio Access Networks (RAN) have standalone Base Stations (BS) with capacity preconfigured for peak loads. These RANs have high call blocking and dropping rates since BSs resources cannot be shared. Cloud based RANs (C-RAN) have been proposed as a cost and energy efficient way of meeting high capacity demand of future wireless access networks by consolidating BSs to the cloud. Instead of relying on rejection of new call requests due to limited BS resources, C-RAN takes benefit of the cloud elasticity, which allows dynamic provisioning of cloud BS resources. This paper presents a novel C-RAN Call Admission Control (C-RAN CAC) to ensure Grade of Service (GoS) by improving blocking probability and improvement of call waiting times. Call blocking probability, call average waiting time and system utilization are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed CAC algorithm.

The Cloud Radio Access Network (RAN) is a groundbreaking technology employed in the telecommunications industry, offering flexible, scalable, and cost-effective solutions for seamless wireless network services. However, testing Cloud RAN applications presents significant challenges due to their complexity, potentially leading to delays and increased costs. A paramount solution to overcome these obstacles is test automation. Automating the testing process not only dramatically reduces manual efforts but also enhances testing accuracy and efficiency, expediting the delivery of high-quality products. In the current era of cutting-edge advancements, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) play a transformative role in revolutionizing Cloud RAN testing. These innovative technologies enable rapid identification and resolution of complex issues, surpassing traditional methods. The objective of this thesis is to adopt an AI-enabled approach to Cloud RAN test automation, harnessing the potential of machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to automatically select test cases from test instructions. Through thorough analysis, relevant keywords are extracted from the test instructions using advanced NLP techniques. The performance of three keyword extraction methods is compared, with SpaCy proving to be the superior keyword extractor. Using the extracted keywords, test script prediction is conducted through two distinct approaches: using test script names and using test script contents. In both cases, Random Forest emerges as the top-performing model, showcasing its effectiveness with diverse datasets, regardless of oversampling or undersampling data augmentation techniques. Based on the rule-based approach, the predicted test scripts are utilized to determine the order of execution among the predicted test scripts. The research findings highlight the significant impact of AI and ML techniques in streamlining test case selection and automation for Cloud RAN applications. The proposed AI-enabled approach optimizes the testing process, resulting in faster product delivery, reduced manual workload, and overall cost savings.

No / Ran is a small ras-related GTPase that controls the nucleocytoplasmic exchange of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope. It binds to chromatin early during nuclear formation and has important roles during the eukaryotic cell cycle, where it regulates mitotic spindle assembly, nuclear envelope formation and cell cycle checkpoint control. Like other GTPases, Ran relies on the cycling between GTP-bound and GDP-bound conformations to interact with effector proteins and regulate these processes. In nucleocytoplasmic transport, Ran shuttles across the nuclear envelope through nuclear pores. It is concentrated in the nucleus by an active import mechanism where it generates a high concentration of RanGTP by nucleotide exchange. It controls the assembly and disassembly of a range of complexes that are formed between Ran-binding proteins and cellular cargo to maintain rapid nuclear transport. Ran also has been identified as an essential protein in nuclear envelope formation in eukaryotes. This mechanism is dependent on importin-β, which regulates the assembly of further complexes important in this process, such as Nup107–Nup160. A strong body of evidence is emerging implicating Ran as a key protein in the metastatic progression of cancer. Ran is overexpressed in a range of tumors, such as breast and renal, and these perturbed levels are associated with local invasion, metastasis and reduced patient survival. Furthermore, tumors with oncogenic KRAS or PIK3CA mutations are addicted to Ran expression, which yields exciting future therapeutic opportunities.

Submitted by Kelren Mota (kelrenlima@ufpa.br) on 2018-06-18T17:11:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_AnaliseTecnicoEconomica.pdf: 3130966 bytes, checksum: 3d1245c2d90292a4f648d162c3d95245 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Kelren Mota (kelrenlima@ufpa.br) on 2018-06-18T17:16:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_AnaliseTecnicoEconomica.pdf: 3130966 bytes, checksum: 3d1245c2d90292a4f648d162c3d95245 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-18T17:16:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_AnaliseTecnicoEconomica.pdf: 3130966 bytes, checksum: 3d1245c2d90292a4f648d162c3d95245 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-06 / Diante dos desafios propostos pela quinta geração de redes móveis, a arquitetura C-RAN (Centralized Radio Acess Network) vem ganhando espaço por oferecer suporte `a redes ultra-densas de alta capacidade de próxima geração e oferecer economias. Esta dissertação propõe uma metodologia de modelagem de TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) para C-RAN, CAPEX (Capital Expenditure), OPEX (Operational Expenditure), sendo estes, os critérios fundamentais no ramo de avaliação e projeção de investimentos. Logo é apresentado com um maior nível de detalhamento quanto aos aspectos de investimento, que são de grande relevância para o cenário de arquitetura de redes móveis de comunicação. Dessa forma, este trabalho ´e conduzido no sentido de avaliar o contexto econômico de implantação de uma arquitetura centralizada, baseando-se, principalmente, nos aspectos financeiros que operadoras de serviços necessitam planejar antes de implantar uma nova rede de acesso móvel. O modelo proposto é utilizado em um estudo de caso em que o custo total de implementação e operação das arquiteturas distribuídas e centralizadas são comparados levando em consideração diversos cenários específicos. Os resultados apontam uma economia nos cenários centralizados e destacam os aspectos econômicos mais relevantes no planejamento da C-RAN. / Upon the the challenges proposed by the fifth generation of mobile networks, the architecture of C-RAN (Centralized Radio Acess Network) has gained space by supporting high-capacity ultra-densas networks of next generation and offering economies. This dissertation proposes a TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) for C-RAN, CAPEX (Capital Expenditure), OPEX (Operational Expenditure) and these are the fundamental criteria in the field of investment assessment and projection. It is soon presented with a higher level of detailing as to the investment aspects, which are of great relevance to the architectural landscape of mobile communication networks. In this way, this work is conducted in order to evaluate the economic context of the implementation of a centralized architecture, based mainly on the financial aspects that service operators need to plan before deploying a new Mobile Access Network. The proposed model is used in a case study where the total cost of implementation and operation of the distributed and centralized architectures is compared taking into account several specific scenarios. The results point to an economy in the centralized scenarios and highlight the most relevant economic aspects in the planning of C-RAN.

Network densification has become a dominant theme for capacity enhancement in cellular networks. However, it increases the operational complexity and expenditure for mobile network operators. Consequently, the essential features of Self-Organising Networks (SON) are considered to ensure the economic viability of the emerging cellular networks. This thesis focuses on quantifying the benefits of self-organisation in Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) by proposing a flexible, energy efficient, and capacity optimised system. The Base Band Unit (BBU) and Remote Radio Head (RRH) map is formulated as an optimisation problem. A self-optimised C-RAN (SOCRAN) is proposed which hosts Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Discrete-Particle-Swarm-Optimisation algorithm (DPSO), developed for optimisation. Computational results based on different network scenarios demonstrate that DPSO delivers excellent performances for the key performance indicators compared to GA. The percentage of blocked users is reduced from 10.523% to 0.409% in a medium sized network scenario and 5.394% to 0.56% in a vast network scenario. Furthermore, an efficient resource utilisation scheme is proposed based on the concept of Cell Differentiation and Integration (CDI). The two-stage CDI scheme semi-statically scales the number of BBUs and RRHs to serve an offered load and dynamically defines the optimum BBU-RRH mapping to avoid unbalanced network scenarios. Computational results demonstrate significant throughput improvement in a CDI-enabled C-RAN compared to a fixed C-RAN, i.e., an average throughput increase of 45.53% and an average blocked users decrease of 23.149% is experienced. A power model is proposed to estimate the overall power consumption of C-RAN. Approximately 16% power reduction is calculated in a CDI-enabled C-RAN when compared to a fixed C-RAN, both serving the same geographical area. Moreover, a Divide-and-Sort load balancing scheme is proposed and compared to the SOCRAN scheme. Results show excellent performances by the Divide-and-Sort algorithm in small networks when compared to SOCRAN and K-mean clustering algorithm.

王艷杰. / "2004年9月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2004. / 參考文獻 (leaves 166-196). / 附中英文摘要. / "2004 nian 9 yue". / Wang Yanjie. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2004. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 166-196). / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一節 --- 硏究範圍 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 前人硏究綜述 --- p.8 / Chapter 第三節 --- 硏究方法. --- p.13 / Chapter 第四節 --- 硏究目的和意義 --- p.17 / Chapter 第二章 --- 「個人化寫作」的命名 ´ؤ´ؤ潛藏于批評話語中的男性權威 --- p.21 / Chapter 第一節 --- 命名中的問題. --- p.21 / Chapter 第二節 --- 「個人化寫作」的幾類理解 --- p.25 / Chapter 1. --- 無名狀態下的「個人化寫作」 / Chapter 2. --- 現代性意義上的「個人化寫作」 / Chapter 3 . --- 后現代意義上的「個人化寫作」 / Chapter 第三節 --- 女性「個人化寫作」 --- p.36 / Chapter 1. --- 九十年代文學環境與女性寫作 / Chapter 2. --- 女性「私」人化寫作的指認 / Chapter 3. --- 批評中的性別立場和男性權威 / Chapter 第三章 --- 陳染、林白「個人化寫作」中的女性話語 ´ؤ´ؤ對失蹤性別的尋找與建構 --- p.51 / Chapter 第一節 --- 話語權力之思 --- p.51 / Chapter 第二節 --- 身份書寫 --- p.56 / Chapter 1. --- 對男權文化的警覺與放逐 / Chapter 2. --- 對女性身份的認知與自覺 / Chapter 第三節 --- 軀體寫作 --- p.67 / Chapter 1. --- 自戀情結：身體與存在焦慮的映射 / Chapter 2. --- 記憶空間：挖掘女性自身的深度模式 / Chapter 第四節 --- 自傳體寫作 --- p.87 / Chapter 1. --- 成長之路：孤獨的體驗、叛逆與反思 / Chapter 2. --- 女性私語：自我訴¨®Ơ與建立女性話語同盟的努力 / Chapter 第四章 --- 陳染、林白「個人化寫作」建構女性話語的困境 ´ؤ´ؤ處於傳統與現實的夾縫之中 --- p.105 / Chapter 第一節 --- 精神分裂的宿命 --- p.105 / Chapter 1. --- 決絶的思想與虛幻的行動 / Chapter 2. --- 姐妹情誼的想象與徒勞 / Chapter 3. --- 拒絶異化與再度異化 / Chapter 第二節 --- 詩性敍事的窘迫 --- p.119 / Chapter 1. --- 叛離男性敍事傳統 / Chapter 2. --- 進入女性原生姿態的詩性表達 / Chapter 3. --- 詩性敍事在建立女性話語上的權宜性 / Chapter 第三節 --- 解構男權話語的循環 --- p.138 / Chapter 1. --- 解構的歧途 / Chapter 2. --- 超性別意識中的悖論 / Chapter 3. --- 搖擺於文學與主義之間 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.154 / Chapter 第一節 --- 女性「個人化寫作」的迷失與俗化 --- p.154 / Chapter 1. --- 差異性：陳染、林白「個人化寫作」的分別 / Chapter 2. --- 迷失：陳染、林白「個人化寫作」的轉向 / Chapter 3. --- 俗化：衛慧、棉棉等人的欲望化寫作 / Chapter 第二節 --- 女性「個人化寫作」的經驗及貢獻 --- p.159 / Chapter 1. --- 寫作姿態：爲自己的性別和反抗而寫作 / Chapter 2. --- 敍事策略：以身體修辭與自傳寫作建構女性話語 / Chapter 3. --- 困境的警醒：傳統/現實夾縫中異化的危險 / Chapter 第三節 --- 硏究方法的反思 --- p.162 / Chapter 1. --- 性別關照中的問題 / Chapter 2. --- 槪念界定中的問題 / Chapter 3. --- 文學現象探討中的問題 / 參考書目 --- p.166 / Chapter 1. --- 陳染、林白等作家作品 --- p.167 / Chapter 2. --- 女性主義、敍事學等理論著作 --- p.173 / Chapter 3. --- 中國現、當代文學硏究著作. --- p.180 / Chapter 4. --- 其他著作 --- p.184 / Chapter 5. --- 期刊論文 --- p.184 / 後記 --- p.197

In 1985 Richard Preston identified three Royal Navy (RN) traditions (recruitment of officers at an early age, selection of officers from an elite social group, and insistence on sea service) which had shaped the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN). These traditions, he argued, ensured a high level of professionalism amongst officers in the infant RCN, as well as complete interoperability between the two navies, but failed to recognise the distinct needs of Canadian society. Consequently, from the Second World War onwards the RCN chose to move away from the British model and to ???Canadianise??? its officer corps. The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) also adopted these traditions, and they are examined here in the context of the social backgrounds, development and character of the permanent executive branch officers of the RAN between 1913 and 1950. This thesis argues that while the British model ensured a high level of professionalism within the RAN officer corps, in many other areas the system proved to be of doubtful utility for Australia. Although the Australian government tried to ensure that its naval officers maintained an Australian character and identity, the selection, training and operational policies of the RAN meant that its officers were, to all intents and purposes, virtually indistinguishable from their RN colleagues. While RAN officers were highly disciplined and professional men with excellent seamanship skills, unfortunately a wide social gulf developed between the Navy???s officers and its sailors. Further, the essentially scientific and practical education and indoctrination that naval officers received in their early years, combined with their narrow professional development, meant that they were, at best, only average higher level administrators and often performed poorly in dealings with their Australian political masters. The system produced a conservative type of officer, suspicious of political activity and intellectual effort, bound to the tradition of ???the Silent Service???, who felt that his country did not understand his work or sacrifices but who had not the capacity to change such community perceptions. Lacking highly educated and politically aware senior officers, the RAN found it difficult to cope with social changes after the Second World War. Consequently, the ???Australianisation??? of the naval officer corps was a slow and painful process and the profession of naval officer in Australia was to be even more marginal than numbers alone dictated.

This thesis studies the development of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), during the period 1911 to 1952 from the perspective of the men of the lower deck, the RAN ratings. The early RAN was modelled very closely on the Royal Navy (RN), but the expectations of its managers and administrators, imbued as they were with the culture and tradition of the RN, were not easily compatible with the character of the Australians who became the RAN???s ratings. The class distinction which functioned in the RN, when applied to the more egalitarian Australians caused ill-feeling and led to the breakdown of discipline. The Australian Commonwealth Naval Board strongly resisted attempts by the Australian Government and the Australian people to regulate its affairs, a situation which seriously disadvantaged the RAN ratings and their families. In the wider context a continuing refusal by both the British Admiralty and the senior officers of the RAN to allow the development of a truly national navy led to significant manpower problems. This both inhibited the establishment of a navy for Australia and denied that navy full use of the unique attributes of the Australian rating.

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Reading Disability (RD) are among the most common childhood disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) and co-occur significantly more frequently than expected by chance (Dykman & Ackerman, 1991; Semrud-Clikeman et al., 1992). Similar processing deficits are seen in children with ADHD and children with RD, one of which is rapid automatized naming (RAN) (Denckla & Cutting, 1999). These continuous performance tasks require quick naming of visually represented stimuli. Uncertainty about what RAN actually measures, however, makes drawing conclusions about relations to ADHD and RD difficult (Tannock, 1998). By better understanding the cognitive processes involved in RAN, and how those processes relate to ADHD and RD symptoms, the relations among RAN, ADHD, and RD might be better understood. The current study sought to identify variables that would help explain ADHD and RD children’s difficulty with RAN. Five fundamental, neurocognitive skills were hypothesized to be related to RAN performance, ADHD, and reading disability. The effect of children’s phonological awareness, processing speed, working memory, fine-motor speed, and reaction time on their RAN performances was measured. The extent to which these same variables were related to inattention symptoms severity and word-reading ability was also assessed. Finally, the extent to which RAN mediated the effects of neurocognitive skills on inattention symptoms and word-reading ability was measured. By simultaneously measuring the hypothesized relations among variables, the processing deficits responsible for ADHD and RD children’s problems on RAN may be revealed. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze assessment data (i.e., neurocognitive, RAN, and word-reading performance scores; parent-report of inattention symptoms) of 183 children who received neuropsychological evaluations. Results indicated the following significant direct effects: phonological awareness and working memory on word-reading ability, processing speed and working memory on RAN, and RAN on word-reading ability. A possible significant mediation effect of processing speed on word-reading ability through RAN was also shown. Significant effects of study variables on inattention symptoms were not shown, which limited conclusions about RAN’s relation to ADHD. Results are of practical importance in RD assessment because the relation between RAN and word-reading ability was shown to involve processes beyond phonology. / text