The stratigraphy of the late Precarnbrian upper Brachina Subgroup has been studied in detail throughout the southern and central Flinders Ranges of South Australia. Ten stratigraphically significant facies associations are readily recognisable within which 18 separate and distinct lithotypes have been defined and described. The complex regional strati - graphic arrangement has been simplified by using a Markov Chain technique of analysis. The resultant lithotype stratigraphy is used as the base upon which the palaeogeographic history of the upper Brachina Subgroup is reconstructed. A detailed sedimentologic analysis of each lithotype was undertaken in order to ascertain their individual palaeoenvironments of deposition. This involved a petrologic analysis of the arenaceous component of each lithotype, the analysis of the suite of sedimentary structures contained within each lithotype, and the analysis of all directional structures for palaeocurrent directions. For this latter analysis a new computer technique was developed whereby up to 3 individual populations can be separately analysed from any one distribution. Deposition of the upper Brachina Subgroup succession was due to a phase of uplift tectonism and minor accompanying basic volcanism. Within this succession two distinct depositional episodes are readily discernable. During the first episode a massive sand influx flowed from a westerly source region ( the Gawler Craton ) into a shallow submerged, though possibly tidally influenced mudflat as a prograding deltaic succession ( the " Alligator River Delta " ). This initial delta developed in the western region of the Adelaide ' Geosyncline ' as a fluvial and tide modified, wave dominated system which was fed by stable outlet channels, protected by barrier - bars and surrounded by a low intertidal aerobic mudflat. Preserved wi - bhin this mudflat deposit are the probable body fossils of primitive cup - shaped coelenterates ( ? ), which were possibly the ancestral organisms of the Ediacara assemblage. With, continued sediment influx and basin shallowing, this initial delta system evolved to an unbarred fluvial modified, tide - dominated delta which was fed by migrating channels and surrounded by an intertidal mudflat. This mudflat was anaerobic, possibly due to the activity of abundant microscopic organisms. The second depositional episode of the upper Brachina Subgroup developed when tectonic instability affected a portion of the basin's western margin ( Uplift I ). As a result, part of the previously deposited deltaic succession was eroded and reworked into a vast, thin intertidal sandflat which extended through the central region, and into the northern region of the Adelaide ' Geosyncline '. A second phase of tectonic instability ( Uplift II ) caused renewed activity along the basin ' s western margin, and also induced the emergence of at least two islands within the basin. Around these islands a thin, dominantly fluvial deposit was generated. The final phase of tectonic instability ( Uplift III ) affected only the western margin of the basin, and produced a narrow sand deposit of probable beach origin. Meanwhile, within the basin gradual subsidence induced the development of a shallow, possibly tidal aerobic mudflat and marked the end of the upper Brachina Subgroup phase of sedimentation. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Department of Geology and Mineralogy, 1978.

Graduation date: 2001

Nest sites of reticulate sculpin (Cottus perplexus) were located in two stream reaches, one from a basalt basin and one from a sandstone basin. Stream reaches were similar in gradient, basin area, elevation, climate, and riparian vegetation but differed in biologic community structure and substrate characteristics. An electivity index was used to determine if selection for nest sites occurred and also to compare patterns of selection between habitat types and stream reaches. Eggs from nests were collected so comparisons in reproductive effort could be made between streams and habitat types. Cobble sized substrate was positively elected in all habitat units examined and moderate embeddedness (6-25%) was positively elected in all units but one. No nests were found on bedrock, wood, or fine sediment substrate. A small number of nests were found on both larger gravel and boulder size particles. Only two out of 471 nests located were associated with rocks which were embedded 51% or more. Reproductive effort on a per nest basis was greater in the basalt stream. Nest weights in the basalt stream exceeded nest weights in the sandstone stream by 90% (95% confidence interval 52-152%) on average and the number of eggs per nest was 39% (95% confidence interval 8-79%)greater in the basalt stream. Differences in reproductive effort per nest within an individual stream were not detected in comparisons among scour pools, riffles, high cobble density and low cobble density habitat units. Reproductive effort per nest varied through the sampling period with intermediate effort early, low effort in the mid portion and the highest effort late. This pattern was apparent in both streams but statistically significant in the sandstone stream only. Nest densities were similar at 0.16 nest/m�� and 0.17 nest/m�� for the basalt and sandstone streams respectively. Differences in nest densities within streams were not detected between scour pools and riffles in either stream or between high and low cobble density units in the basalt stream. A difference was detected between high and low cobble density units in the sandstone stream (p=0.02). Nest densities were greater on average in the tailout portions of pools as opposed to the head and body portions in both streams but statistically significant in the sandstone stream only (p=0.04). We speculate that because patterns of electivity were similar between streams and between different habitat types within a stream, all with different levels of habitat availability, that male fitness is tightly linked with habitat selection for nest sites. Our results would suggest that reticulate sculpin nest site selection and reproductive effort are not strongly influenced by habitat on a geomorphic channel unit scale. It may be more appropriate to delineate sculpin habitat by substrate patches within geomorphic habitat units. / Graduation date: 1998

The stratigraphy of the late Precarnbrian upper Brachina Subgroup has been studied in detail throughout the southern and central Flinders Ranges of South Australia. Ten stratigraphically significant facies associations are readily recognisable within which 18 separate and distinct lithotypes have been defined and described. The complex regional strati - graphic arrangement has been simplified by using a Markov Chain technique of analysis. The resultant lithotype stratigraphy is used as the base upon which the palaeogeographic history of the upper Brachina Subgroup is reconstructed. A detailed sedimentologic analysis of each lithotype was undertaken in order to ascertain their individual palaeoenvironments of deposition. This involved a petrologic analysis of the arenaceous component of each lithotype, the analysis of the suite of sedimentary structures contained within each lithotype, and the analysis of all directional structures for palaeocurrent directions. For this latter analysis a new computer technique was developed whereby up to 3 individual populations can be separately analysed from any one distribution. Deposition of the upper Brachina Subgroup succession was due to a phase of uplift tectonism and minor accompanying basic volcanism. Within this succession two distinct depositional episodes are readily discernable. During the first episode a massive sand influx flowed from a westerly source region ( the Gawler Craton ) into a shallow submerged, though possibly tidally influenced mudflat as a prograding deltaic succession ( the " Alligator River Delta " ). This initial delta developed in the western region of the Adelaide ' Geosyncline ' as a fluvial and tide modified, wave dominated system which was fed by stable outlet channels, protected by barrier - bars and surrounded by a low intertidal aerobic mudflat. Preserved wi - bhin this mudflat deposit are the probable body fossils of primitive cup - shaped coelenterates ( ? ), which were possibly the ancestral organisms of the Ediacara assemblage. With, continued sediment influx and basin shallowing, this initial delta system evolved to an unbarred fluvial modified, tide - dominated delta which was fed by migrating channels and surrounded by an intertidal mudflat. This mudflat was anaerobic, possibly due to the activity of abundant microscopic organisms. The second depositional episode of the upper Brachina Subgroup developed when tectonic instability affected a portion of the basin's western margin ( Uplift I ). As a result, part of the previously deposited deltaic succession was eroded and reworked into a vast, thin intertidal sandflat which extended through the central region, and into the northern region of the Adelaide ' Geosyncline '. A second phase of tectonic instability ( Uplift II ) caused renewed activity along the basin ' s western margin, and also induced the emergence of at least two islands within the basin. Around these islands a thin, dominantly fluvial deposit was generated. The final phase of tectonic instability ( Uplift III ) affected only the western margin of the basin, and produced a narrow sand deposit of probable beach origin. Meanwhile, within the basin gradual subsidence induced the development of a shallow, possibly tidal aerobic mudflat and marked the end of the upper Brachina Subgroup phase of sedimentation. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Department of Geology and Mineralogy, 1978.

"September 2002" Bibliography: leaves 77-85. Examines the persistence of the yellow-footed antechinus using live trapping in small, remnant patches and strips of forest, to document autecological sata and the investgate occurrence, breeding activity and inter-patch movements. Radio-tracking was conducted to compare home range properties of lactating females in restricted and unrestricted habitat.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-102)

Some of Australia’s most pressing conservation problems are found in the arid and semi-arid rangelands where the traditional major land-use is extensive pastoralism. Yet with the emergence of a change in resource values, the rangelands of Australia have started to move away from a strict production land-use towards a multifunctional land-use where pastoralism, tourism and the environment have an influence on one another. With the present mixture of consumption and protection values in the rangelands, ecotourism represents a model for achieving a symbiotic relationship between tourism activity and conservation in a pastoral setting. This study develops a theoretical framework for understanding the relationships between ecotourism, pastoralism and ecological recovery efforts in the Flinders Ranges through employing mixed qualitative and quantitative research techniques to examine the perceptions and practices of tourism operators, local landholders and visitors to the study site. The study finds that while pastoralism and its level of success often remain variable, the strength and stability of tourism is increasing. Because economics is a central component of the concept of sustainability, and because we must manage the environment while accommodating tourists, ecotourism is one way to help reach rangeland sustainability goals, provided that there are adequate levels of agreement amongst the local community and other land users. The results indicate that the vast majority of stakeholders are currently in a state of co-existence with each other rather than one of conflict, suggesting ecotourism has the potential to assist ecological recovery. However, many landholders are constrained in their ability to integrate ecotourism operations and conservation due to economic difficulties and market barriers. There are also conflicting results among visitors who claim to be interested in ecotourism but do not necessarily act accordingly, highlighting the need for a greater focus on environmental education. Ecotourism should be incorporated into a regional sustainability plan where the public are able to assist decision makers through collaborative planning. The thesis concludes that when well-managed, ecotourism can be a business supporting conservation in the Flinders Ranges. It contributes to knowledge of the role that ecotourism can play in encouraging ecological recovery in the rangelands and explores the complex interrelationships involved through consultation with the primary stakeholders of landholders, tourism operators and visitors. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1346333 / Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, 2008

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Differential exhumation within the eastern Transverse Ranges of southern California has revealed a tilted crustal section that provides a unique view into the architecture of the Mesozoic arc. At the base of this crustal section is a group of well-exposed sheeted plutons. Well-developed, gentle to moderately dipping magmatic and solid-state fabrics within these plutons are regionally consistent, margin-parallel, discordant to internal sheeting and layering, and are generally parallel to equivalent host rock structures and fabrics. In some plutons, magmatic foliations define regional fold structures, thus recording regional contraction during chamber construction. Collectively, field mapping and fabric analyses within these sheeted plutons show that the observed fabric patterns are better explained by regional deformation rather than internal magma chamber processes. This interpretation is in direct contrast to previous mapping in the region. The host rocks also record complex processes during sheeted pluton emplacement. Deflection of host rock foliations and structures into parallelism with pluton contacts suggest that downward ductile flow played a role in making space for these plutons. However, evidence of regional faulting and shearing is not observed, suggesting that they did not play a significant role. Although there is considerable microstructural variability within each pluton, the observed microstructures are generally consistent with a transition from magmatic to submagmatic/ high-temperature solid-state deformation. Magmatic microstructures are defined by euhedral to subhedral plagioclase, hornblende, and biotite that do not show significant internal crystal-plastic deformation. Evidence for high-temperature solid-state deformation includes high-temperature grain boundary migration in quartz, plagaioclase, potassium feldspar, and hornblende; chessboard extinction in quartz; and ductile bending in plagioclase and hornblende. Microstructural observations also indicate that mafic and intermediate compositions record stronger magmatic fabrics than felsic compositions. Based on the structural and microstructural observations presented in this study, I interpret that these sheeted plutons were emplaced into an active continental arc setting that was undergoing regional contraction. The strong magmatic fabrics and high-temperature solid-state overprinting is likely a consequence of regional deformation during crystallization. The weak fabrics within upper crustal plutons relative to the strong fabrics within the mid-crustal plutons suggest that deformation was largely localized to the more compositionally heterogeneous mid-crustal portions of the arc structure.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Sponsored by the Central Test and Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP) under the Director of Test and Evaluation (DOT&E), the Foundation Initiative 2010 (FI 2010) project is chartered to enable interoperability among ranges, facilities, and simulations in a timely and cost-efficient manner and to foster reuse of range assets and future software systems. To achieve this vision, FI 2010 has developed and is validating a common architecture called the Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA), which provides for real-time software system interoperability using the TENA Middleware, as well as interfaces to existing range assets, C4ISR systems, and simulations. The TENA middleware is being developed using an iterative development process, with functionality being released in four “spirals.” The current software version, Release 3.0, was built upon previous releases and provides some key functionality enhancements to include multicast transport, vector data types and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) multicast communication support. This paper will provide detailed information on the current status of the FI 2010 project, the TENA Middleware Release 3.0, and how the TENA software has been utilized to support test and training events (e.g., Millennium Challenge 02).

The relationship of vegetation and disturbance factors to the distribution, abundance and diversity of small mammals in the eastern Otway region, Victoria were investigated. Antechinus stuartii, Rattus fuscipes and Rattus lutreolus were widely distributed and occurred in the majority of the eleven floristic vegetation groups identified. Antechinus minimus, Antechinus swainsonnii and Pseudomys novaehollandiae had restricted distributions and were recorded in only two or three vegetation groups. New information on the distribution of the rare species P. novaehollandiae, was obtained and two floristically rich vegetation groups that it preferred were identified. Species-rich small mammal communities occurred in vegetation communities with high numbers of sclerophyll plant species and high structural diversity. Maximum food resources were considered to be provided in these communities. Local habitat diversity was also correlated with species-richness. Small mammal abundance was maximum in non-sclerophyllous canmunities, where high plant productivity was considered to be important. For the first time, the presence of the plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi was shown to affect small mammals. It was associated with small mammal communities of low species richness and abundance, Recovery of small mammal populations after wildfire was slow until the fourth year. Mus musculus reached peak abundance from 2-3 years and then declined rapidly. P. novaehollandiae was the only native species that achieved maximum abundance early in the succession. A. stuartii, R. fuscipes and R. lutreolus approached maximum abundance in mid-succession, while Isoodon obesulus was a mid- to late-successional species. A. minimus survived the fire, but did not persist after one year. The pattern of succession was influenced by attributes of species, such as survival after fire, their ability to disperse and reproduce.