The tolerant attitudes towards sexual violence against women constitute an important risk factor that should be considered to explain this type of aggressive behavior. One of the instruments that evaluates these attitudes is the Rape Supportive Attitude Scale (RSAS) developed by Lottes. The results of different psychometric studies have demonstrated good indexes of reliability and validity in American, Spanish and Salvadorian university students. The purpose of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the RSAS in Argen­ tinean university students. We provide evidence of content validity through expert ratings, process validity through cognitive debriefing interviews, and evidence of internal structure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the internal consistency of the scale was estimated and an analysis of contrasting groups in relation to gender was con­ ducted. The results allow us to infer that the RSAS scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess rape supportive attitudes in Argentinean university students. / Las actitudes tolerantes hacia la violencia sexual ejercida contra las mujeres constituyen un factor de riesgo importante a considerar en la explicación de este tipo de conductas. Uno de los instrumentos para evaluar estas actitudes es la Escala de Actitud Favorable hacia la Violación (EAFV) de Lottes, la que ha mostrado fiabilidad y validez en muestras de estu­ diantes universitarios estadounidenses, españoles y salvadoreños. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Se aportó evidencia de contenido mediante juicio de expertos, evidencia de pro­ ceso de respuesta por medio de entrevistas de cognitive debriefing y evidencia de estructura interna a partir del análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Finalmente, se estimó la consistencia interna de la escala y se realizó un análisis de grupos contrastados en relación al género. Los resultados obtenidos permiten inferir que la escala EAFV es un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar actitudes favorables hacia conductas de violación en univer­ sitarios argentinos. / As atitudes tolerantes em relação à violência sexual contra as mulheres constituem um importante fator de risco a ser considerado para explicar esse tipo de conduta. Um dos instrumentos para avaliar esses comportamentos é o Questionário de Atitudes Favoráveis em Relação ao Estupro (QAFRE) de Lottes, que tem demonstrado confiabilidade e validez em amostras de estudantes universitários estadounidenses, espanhóis e salvadorenhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar as propriedades psicométricas do questionário em estu­ dantes universitários argentinos. Evidencia sobre a validez do conteúdo foi fornecida através da avaliação de juízes expertos, a validez sobre o processo de resposta foi fornecida através de entrevistas de debriefing cognitivo ea validez de estrutura interna foi fornecida através das analises fatoriais exploratório e confirmatório. Finalmente, a consistência interna do questionário foi estimada e uma análise contrastando grupos em relação ao gênero foi feita. Os resultados obtidos permitem inferir que o questionário é válido e confiável para avaliar atitudes favoráveis em relação ao estupro em estudantes universitários argentinos.

Les célibataires involontaires (Incel) sont une communauté d’hommes qui ont commencé à attirer une attention scientifique, avec des démonstrations empiriques de propos misogynes, et des théorisations émergentes d’un parallèle entre les situations d’incels et les violences sexuelles animées par griefs. La présente étude vise ainsi donc en premier lieu à examiner si effectivement un célibat involontaire est lié autant à la solitude (autant comme caractéristique d’un célibat involontaire, mais aussi comme antécédent fréquent de crimes sexuels) et des attitudes soutenant des agressions sexuelles, mais elle vise aussi à voir si une situation de célibat involontaire, la solitude et des cognitions soutenant les agressions sexuelles sont reliées à des comportements d’agressions sexuelles. Un questionnaire sollicitant des hommes adultes à la recherche d’une relation amoureuse (N = 814), certains d’entre eux (61.5%) s’identifiant comme incel, a été conduit en ligne. Les analyses ont montré que l’endossement d’idées incels, de cognitions soutenant les agressions sexuelles et la solitude étaient reliés à l’autodéclaration d’avoir commis une agression sexuelle par le passé, et que la solitude en plus de certaines cognitions soutenant les agressions sexuelles étaient associées avec l’inclinaison à commettre une agression sexuelle dans le futur, mais l’endossement d’idées incel n’était pas relié à l’inclinaison à commettre une agression sexuelle dans le futur. Ces conclusions suggèrent que des recherches subséquentes sont nécessaires pour mieux comprendre la relation entre les situations de célibat involontaire et les violences sexuelles, et les implications que ceci aurait dans les secteurs d’intervention primaire, secondaire et tertiaire. / Involuntary celibates (Incels) are an online community of men that have begun to draw scientific attention, with some empirical demonstration of misogynistic views, and emerging theorization observing parallels between their situation and grievance-fueled sexual violence. The present study therefore firstly aimed to examine whether indeed inceldom is linked to both loneliness (as a hypothesized characteristic of inceldom as well as a frequent antecedent to sexual offending) and rape-supportive attitudes, and secondly, to see whether inceldom, loneliness and rape-supportive cognitions are related to behavioral outcomes of sexual aggression. A survey of adult men seeking romantic relationships (N = 814), some of whom (61.5%) identifying as incels, was conducted online. Regression analyses showed that regardless of incel self-identification the endorsement of incel ideas, rape-supportive cognitions and loneliness were related to self-disclosed previous sexual aggression, and that loneliness and some but not all rape-supportive cognitions were associated with inclination towards committing future sexual aggression, but endorsement of incel ideas was not related to inclination towards future sexual aggression. These findings suggest that further research is needed to better understand the relationship between inceldom and sexual violence and the implications that this would have for primary, secondary and tertiary interventions.