Neste trabalho, discute-se experimentalmente a influência da concentração de O2 como oxidante na variação da temperatura de chamas parcialmente pré-misturadas de GLP/O2/ar. Utilizando-se a técnica de espalhamento Rayleigh por laser, avaliaram-se todos os interferentes presentes no meio em estudo, realizando-se experimentos em diversas situações de vazão mássica do oxidante O2. Comparou-se também o comportamento do sinal e os respectivos valores de temperatura ao longo de chamas com deficiência de oxidante e excesso, frente ao comportamento de referência estequiométrico, que teoricamente mais se aproxima de valores de temperatura de chama adiabática. Os valores encontrados para a chama estequiométrica, com deficiência de oxidante e com excesso de oxidante, da pré-mistura de GLP, oxigênio e ar são coerentes com os dados obtidos por Santos (2005) e Mattos (2012).

by Cheung Ka Wing = 由有機物質發放的超瑞利散射的光譜性硏究 / 張家榮. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-95). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / by Cheung Ka Wing = You you ji wu zhi fa fang de chao rui li san she de guang pu xing yan jiu / Zhang Jiarong. / Title Page --- p.i / Acknowledgments --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iii / Chinese Abstract --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Nonlinear Optics --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Tensor Properties of the Polarizability --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Inversion Symmetry --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Second Harmonic Generation --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5 --- Outline --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Measurement of the First Hyperpolarizability β --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- Scattering by a Single Small Particle --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Rayleigh Scattering --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Fluctuation --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering --- p.16 / Chapter 2.5 --- Coherent and Incoherent Optical Processes --- p.16 / Chapter 2.6 --- Difference between Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) --- p.17 / Chapter 2.7 --- Measurement of the First Hyperpolarizability β by Electric Field Induced Second harmonic Generation (EFISHG) --- p.20 / Chapter 2.8 --- Measurement of the First Hyperpolarizability β by Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) --- p.22 / Chapter 2.9 --- Two-Component System ´ؤ´ؤInternal Reference Method (IRM) and External Reference Method (ERM) --- p.23 / Chapter 2.10 --- Orientation Average of β --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Experimental Setup --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1 --- Detail Description of the Main Components --- p.29 / Chapter A). --- Laser System --- p.29 / Chapter B). --- Monochromator --- p.33 / Chapter C). --- Photomultiplier Tubes (PMT) --- p.36 / Chapter D). --- Photon Counter --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2 --- Layout of the Optical Design and Alignment Procedures --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3 --- Difficulties in the Experiment --- p.42 / Chapter A). --- Alignment --- p.42 / Chapter B). --- Temporal Stability of the Apparatus --- p.43 / Chapter C). --- The Effects of Using Different Sample Cells --- p.47 / Chapter 3.4 --- Sample Preparation --- p.48 / Chapter 3.5 --- Special Interest on the Organic Compounds --- p.49 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Measurement on p-nitroaniline --- p.52 / Chapter 4.1 --- The Spectrum of Light Signal from pNA --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2 --- Concentration Dependence Measurement --- p.54 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Measurement of the Hyperpolarizability of a Fluorescence Dye --- p.58 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Spectrum of Light Signal from DANS --- p.58 / Chapter 5.2 --- Design of an Experimental Technique to Measure β of Fluorescence Dyes that is Absorptive at the Second Harmonic --- p.61 / Chapter 5.3 --- Result of the Measurement on DANS --- p.64 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Studies of the First Hyperpolarizability β of Two New Compounds --- p.74 / Chapter 6.1 --- The New Compounds --- p.74 / Chapter 6.2 --- Measurement on NC1 --- p.75 / Chapter 6.3 --- Measurement on NC2 --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Probing the Molecular Interaction in a Liquid Using HRS --- p.84 / Chapter 7.1 --- The Spectrum of Light Signal from Nitrobenzene --- p.85 / Chapter 7.2 --- The Signal Depolarization Ratio --- p.86 / Chapter 7.3 --- Results of the Depolarization Ratio Measurement on pNA --- p.87 / Chapter 7.4 --- Results of the Depolarization Ratio Measurement on Nitrobenzene --- p.88 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusions --- p.91 / References --- p.94

Kwok Chun-yin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [121]-122). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Experimental data --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Turbulent Convection using Helium --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Turbulent Convection using water --- p.8 / Chapter 3 --- Probability Distribution and Scaling behavior --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1 --- PDF of YT --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Helium Convection --- p.10 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Water Convection --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Comparison between helium data and Water data --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2 --- T -dependence of the moments of XT --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Helium Convection --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Water Convection --- p.47 / Chapter 4 --- Hierarchical Moment Relation --- p.50 / Chapter 4.1 --- Method of Analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2 --- Results and Discussion --- p.53 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Helium Convection --- p.53 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Water Convection --- p.81 / Chapter 5 --- Discussion and Conclusion --- p.95 / Chapter 5.1 --- Passive Scalar --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2 --- Comparison between Turbulent Convection and Passive Scalar --- p.99 / Chapter 5.3 --- Scaling behavior for length scale above and below the Bolgiano scale for turbulent convection using Helium gas --- p.100 / Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusions --- p.107 / Chapter A --- The lognormal model --- p.108 / Chapter B --- Definition of XT --- p.110 / Chapter C --- Reasons for analysis of (xTp) for p≤ 12 --- p.112 / Chapter D --- Functional form of μp implied by the hierarchical relation --- p.119 / Bibliography --- p.122

Zhou Sheng-qi. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-70). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Zhou Sheng-qi. / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.i / Abstract (in English) --- p.ii / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Figures --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.viii / Chapter / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Turbulence: a Universal Problem --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Rayleigh-Benard Convection --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The History of Rayleigh-Benard Convection --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Dimensionless Parameters --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- The Physical Picture of Turbulent Convection --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivation of This Study --- p.8 / Chapter 2. --- Theoretical Base and Experimental Setup --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- The Rayleigh-Benard problem --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- The Boussinesq approximation --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- The Convection Equation --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Experimental Setup and Measurement --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- The Convection Cell --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- The Power Supply and the Refrigerated Recirculator --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- The Temperature Probes --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- The Temperature Measurement System --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Building up the Convection State --- p.25 / Chapter 3. --- Temperature Power Spectra and the Viscous Boundary Layer in the Thermal Turbulence --- p.27 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Power Spectra Method --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Suspicions of the Power Spectra Method --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3 --- Discussion of the Experimental Results --- p.32 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.39 / Chapter 4. --- The Correlation Function of Temperature --- p.40 / Chapter 4.1 --- Preparation of Experiment --- p.41 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Apparatus --- p.41 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Definition of correlation function --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2 --- Results and Discussion --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- The Delay Time (¡’0) --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- The Maximum Correlation Coefficient (R) --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- The Half Width (¡’h) --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3 --- Summary --- p.61 / Chapter 5. --- Conclusions --- p.63 / References --- p.66

Xi Hengdong = 關於熱羽流和Rayleigh-Bénard對流中大尺度環流形成的實驗研究 / 郗恒東. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-75). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Xi Hengdong = Guan yu re yu liu he Rayleigh-Bénard dui liu zhong da chi du huan liu xing cheng de shi yan yan jiu / Xi Hengdong. / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.xi / List of Tables --- p.xii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Rayleigh-Benard System --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Physical Picture --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Characteristic Parameters --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Plume and Large Scale Circulation --- p.4 / Chapter 2 --- Experimental Setup and Techniques --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Apparatus --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Convection Cell --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Other Apparatus --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Visualization --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3 --- PIV technique --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Image Capture System --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Image Analysis system --- p.26 / Chapter 3 --- Properties of Laminar Plume --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1 --- Shadowgraph and Temperature measurement --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- Velocity Measurement --- p.35 / Chapter 4 --- Onset of Large-scale circulation in turbulent thermal convec- tion --- p.48 / Chapter 5 --- Convection in Rectangular cell --- p.60 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.69 / Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusion --- p.69 / Chapter 6.2 --- Perspective for further investigation --- p.71 / Bibliography --- p.72

Cheung Yin Har = 瑞利-柏納德湍流對流中Nusselt與縱橫比的關係以及邊界層性質的研究 / 張燕霞. / Thesis submitted in: October 2004. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-119). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Cheung Yin Har = Ruili-Bonade tuan liu dui liu zhong Nusselt yu zong heng bi de guan xi yi ji bian jie ceng xing zhi de yan jiu / Zhang Yanxia. / Abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.iii / Acknowledgments --- p.iv / Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.vii / List of Tables --- p.x / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background of turbulence --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Rayleigh-Benard convection --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Theoretical background --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- The convection equations --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Characteristic parameters --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Reynolds equations --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4 --- Recent developments --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Heat transport --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Large scale flow and thermal plumes --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Boundary layers --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5 --- Motivation --- p.14 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Nusselt measurements --- p.14 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Boundary layer properties measurements --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6 --- Synopsis of this thesis --- p.15 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Experimental setup and measurement techniques --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1 --- The turbulent convection system --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- The convection cells --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- The temperature probe --- p.21 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- The thermistors --- p.23 / Chapter 2.2 --- Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Image capture system --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Image analysis system --- p.36 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Aspect ratio dependence of heat transport and the flow field --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1 --- Motivation for this experiment --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Heat transfer efficiency measurements --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3 --- Heat correction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Temperature correction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Heat current density J correction --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Finite conductivity of plate --- p.50 / Chapter 3.4 --- Aspect ratio dependence --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Without correction of finite conductivity --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- With correction of finite conductivity --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5 --- Time-averaged velocity field --- p.65 / Chapter 3.6 --- Summary --- p.70 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Local temperature and velocity measurements near the boundary layers --- p.71 / Chapter 4.1 --- Motivation for this experiment --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2 --- Temperature profile measurement --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Temperature and fluctuation profiles --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Thermal boundary thickness --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Temperature time series --- p.79 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- PDF --- p.83 / Chapter 4.3 --- Velocity profile measurement --- p.86 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- 2D velocity and fluctuation profiles --- p.86 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Scaling properties --- p.93 / Chapter 4.4 --- Shear stress --- p.98 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Viscous and Reynolds stresses --- p.99 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Laminar or Turbulent? --- p.101 / Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.104 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.106 / Chapter 5.1 --- Heat flux measurement --- p.106 / Chapter 5.2 --- Boundary layers --- p.107 / Chapter 5.3 --- Perspective for further investigation --- p.108 / Appendix A Heat flux measurement for high Prandtl number --- p.109 / Chapter I. --- Experimental conditions --- p.110 / Chapter II. --- Result and discussion --- p.112 / Chapter III. --- Summary and perspective for further investigation --- p.114 / Bibliography --- p.115

Zhou Quan = 关於热湍流中标量场混合和自组织结构的实验研究 / 周全. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-94). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Zhou Quan = Guan yu re tuan liu zhong biao liang chang hun he he zi zu zhi jie gou de shi yan yan jiu / Zhou Quan. / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledge --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.xii / List of Tables --- p.xiii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Rayleigh-Benard System --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Physics Picture --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Basic Equations and Characteristic Parameters --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Passive and Active Scalars --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Large-Scale Circulation (LSC) --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Passive and Active Scalars in Convective Thermal Turbulence --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Experimental Setup and Measurement Techniques --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Rectangular Cell --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Temperature probe: thermistor --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- Passive Scalar Measurements --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Concentration Time Series --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Statistical Properties --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3 --- Active Scalar Measurements --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4 --- Relationship between passive scalar and active scalar --- p.41 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Cross-correlation Functions --- p.41 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Structure Functions --- p.48 / Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.60 / Chapter 3 --- The Azimuthal Motion of the Mean Wind in Turbulent Rayleigh- Benard Convection --- p.63 / Chapter 3.1 --- Experimental Setup and Measurement Techniques --- p.64 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Cylindrical Cell --- p.64 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2 --- Azimuthal Motion of the Mean Wind in the Γ = 1.0 Cell --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Time-trace of the LSC orientation Φ --- p.69 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Statistical properties of azimuthal motion of the mean wind --- p.73 / Chapter 3.3 --- Azimuthal Motion of the Mean Wind in theΓ = 0.5 Cell --- p.77 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Time-trace of the LSC orientation Φ --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Statistical properties of azimuthal motion of the mean wind --- p.80 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.85 / Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.86 / Chapter 4.1 --- Scalar Mixing --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Azimuthal Motion of the LSC --- p.87 / Chapter 4.3 --- Perspective for Further Investigation --- p.88 / Bibliography --- p.88

A distinct feature of Rayleigh-Benard(RB) convection is the existence of a self-organized large-scale circulatory flow(LSC), also known as the "mean wind" of turbulence. This thesis is an experimental investigation of this LSC by using the particle image velocimetry and multi-thermal probe method. We studied the various aspects of the LSC, including the azimuthal motion, the flow cessation and reversal and the reorientation of the LSC, in aspect ratio(Gamma) 1, 1/2 and 1/3 cells, where Gamma is the ratio between the diameter and the height of the cylindrical convection cells. Also studied in the thesis are the different flow modes and the flow mode transitions for these different geometries. / It is found in Gamma = 1 cells the azimuthal motion consists of erratic fluctuations and a time-periodic oscillation. While in Gamma = 1/2 cells, this kind of oscillation is missing. An intriguing dynamic feature of the LSC is the apparently erratic large orientational change of its nearly vertical circulation plane, which is called reorientation. The occurrence of the reorientations are both Poisson process for the Gamma = 1 and 1/2 geometries. We found that the azimuthal motion of LSC is more confined in larger Gamma geometry, and this property can be used to interpret the so-called bimodality of heat transport. / The reversal of the flow direction of the LSC in RB system resembles a lot of reversal phenomena and is the interest of several theoretical models. We found, in Gamma = 1/2 geometry, that there are an order of magnitude more cessations and reversals than that in Gamma = 1 geometry, which contrasts sharply to the finding in Gamma = 1 geometry. Thus in Gamma = 1/2 cells a statistically significant number of unambiguously identified pure reversal events are obtained, which allow us to analyze several important properties of pure reversal events. It is found that the occurrence of reversals is a Poisson process and that a stronger rebound of the flow strength after a reversal/cessation leads to a longer period of stability of the LSC. Several properties of reversals/cessations in this system are found to be statistically similar to those of geomagnetic reversals. / We found in all the aspect ratios explored(Gamma = 1, 1/2 and 1/3) both single circulating roll flow structure and two vertically stacked counter-rotating rolls structure exist. The average percentage of time that the flow spends in the single-roll mode (SRM) is decreasing with Gamma while that of the double-roll mode (DRM) is increasing with Gamma. Several routes of transitions among the different flow modes are identified. We also show direct evidence that the SRM is more efficient for heat transfer than the DRM. It is also found that the time interval between successive flow mode transitions has an exponential distribution, suggesting a Poisson process for the underlying dynamics. / Xi, Hengdong = 熱湍流中的大尺度環流 / 郗恒東. / "July 2007." / Adviser: Ke-Qing Xia. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-01, Section: B, page: 0386. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 144-153). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307. / Xi, Hengdong = Re tuan liu zhong de da chi du huan liu / Xi Hengdong.

by T.W. Chui. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81). / Text in English; abstract also in Chinese. / by T.W. Chui. / Titleage --- p.i / Acknowledgments --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iii / Table of contents --- p.v / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Figure Captions --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Meauserment of first hyperpolarizability / Chapter 2.1 --- Electric Field Induced Second Hamonics (EFISH) --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2 --- Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3 --- Internal reference method and External reference method --- p.26 / Figure Captions --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Experimental Setup / Chapter 3.1 --- Design of experimental setup --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- Alignment --- p.32 / Chapter 3.3 --- ower --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4 --- Samples --- p.33 / Figure Captions --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Measurement of first hyperpolarizability of selected molecules / Chapter 4.0 --- Introduction --- p.40 / Chapter 4.1 --- Result of spectral study of the scattered signal from CV --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2 --- Result of the first hyperpolarizability of CV --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3 --- HRS measurement with DANS --- p.47 / Figure Captions --- p.51 / Graphs --- p.52 / Tables --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Studies of the depolarization ratio of HRS and fluorescence light from CV / Chapter 5.0 --- Introduction --- p.59 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experimental setup for the measurement of depolarization ratio --- p.60 / Chapter 5.2 --- Measurement of depolarization ratio forNA at 532nm --- p.61 / Chapter 5.3 --- Measurement of depolarization ratio for CV at 532nm --- p.62 / Chapter 5.4 --- Measurement of depolarization ratio for fluorescence light from CV --- p.63 / Figure Captions --- p.68 / Graphs --- p.71 / Tables --- p.75 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.77 / References --- p.79

Chan, Tak Shing = 粗糙表面的熱湍流對流的Nusselt數和雷諾數的測量 / 陳德城. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-67). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chan, Tak Shing = Cu cao biao mian de re tuan liu dui liu de Nusselt shu he Leinuo shu de ce liang / Chen Decheng. / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.xi / List of Tables --- p.xii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- What is turbulence ? --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Rayleigh Benard convection system --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation and equations of Rayleigh- Benard system --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Some coherent structures of Rayleigh-Benard convection system --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivation --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- Experimental methods and setups --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- Convection cell --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Temperature measurement --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3 --- Experimental techniques --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Heat leakage prevention --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Water absorption of Dipropylene Glycol --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Particle Image Velocimetry --- p.22 / Chapter 3 --- Heat flux measurement --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1 --- Water Results --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Experimental procedures --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Heat leakage/ heat absorption estimation --- p.27 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Results and discussions --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2 --- Dipropylene Glycol Results --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Experimental procedures --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Heat leakage/ heat absorption estimation --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Result and discussions --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3 --- More discussion --- p.41 / Chapter 4 --- Large scale circulation and Reynolds number measurement --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1 --- Flow pattern of turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection over rough plates --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2 --- Reynolds number measurement --- p.48 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Reynolds number determined from oscillation of temper- ature signals --- p.48 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Reynolds number determined from velocity measurement near sidewall --- p.55 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.61 / Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusion --- p.61 / Bibliography --- p.63