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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Admissão hospitalar por reação adversa a medicamento: 16 anos de um Centro de Farmacovigilância

Santos, Gláucia Noblat de Carvalho 29 June 2018 (has links)
Submitted by PPGASFAR FARMACIA (ppgasfar.rede.ufba@gmail.com) on 2018-09-03T14:01:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GLÁUCIA NOBLAT DE CARVALHO SANTOS.pdf: 1093141 bytes, checksum: 7f207967ba88c2bd766b1befde124bfd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Setor de Periódicos (per_macedocosta@ufba.br) on 2018-09-03T20:57:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GLÁUCIA NOBLAT DE CARVALHO SANTOS.pdf: 1093141 bytes, checksum: 7f207967ba88c2bd766b1befde124bfd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-03T20:57:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GLÁUCIA NOBLAT DE CARVALHO SANTOS.pdf: 1093141 bytes, checksum: 7f207967ba88c2bd766b1befde124bfd (MD5) / OBJETIVOS: Descrever o perfil de pacientes admitidos por reação adversa a medicamentos (RAM) notificados ao Centro de Farmacovigilância (CFV) de um hospital universitário no período de 2000 a 2016. Os objetivos específicos foram: Descrever os órgãos e sistemas mais acometidos, problemas de saúde/sintomas que levaram ao uso dos medicamentos envolvidos nas RAMs, classes terapêuticas, classificar as reações por órgãos e sistemas e por tipo, estabelecer tempo de internamento, desfecho e avaliação da evitabilidade. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal retrospectivo de pacientes admitidos por RAM no período de dezembro de 2000 a dezembro de 2016. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes admitidos por RAM notificados ao CFV da Instituição. O critério de exclusão utilizado foi à identificação de pacientes com dados insuficientes relativos ao internamento, que inviabilizassem a verificação das reações. A análise da evitabilidade das RAMs foi realizada segundo os critérios de Schumock e Thornton. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 110 pacientes, representando 7,75% dos casos existentes no banco, com 130 medicamentos implicados e 135 reações adversas, apresentando uma média de 1,22 reações/paciente. O sexo feminino representou 60,9% dos casos de admissão hospitalar por RAM. A mediana de idade dos pacientes foi de 48 anos. As principais classes terapêuticas envolvidas foram: tuberculostáticos, imunossupressores, antirretrovirais, antibióticos, antipsicóticos, anticonvulsivantes e antiinflamatórios não-esteroidais. 32,8% das RAMs foram classificadas como preveníveis. CONCLUSÕES: As características da população admitida por RAM corroboram com os dados descritos na literatura e foram influenciadas pelo perfil de atendimento da Instituição. A avaliação da evitabilidade das RAMs foi uma estratégia que favoreceu a identificação dos casos e é útil para o delineamento de ações futuras para prevenção de danos aos pacientes, objeto principal da farmacovigilância. Palavras-chaves: reações adversas a medicamentos, admissão hospitalar, evitabilidade / ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to describe the profiles of patients admitted for ADRs involving notification of the PV Center of a university hospital from 2000 to 2016. The specific aims of the study were as follows: Describe health problems/symptoms that led to the use of the drug associated with the ADR, drug classes associated with the reactions, to classify the ADRs by organs and systems and by type, to determine the length of hospital stay, outcomes and preventability of the ADRs. METHODS: It was a retrospective longitudinal study on patients admitted for ADRs was performed from December 2000 to December 2016, aiming at characterizing the individuals, medications, adverse effects, outcomes and preventability. The study included all patients admitted for ADRs involving notification of the Institution’s Pharmacovigilance (PV) Center. The exclusion criterion was the patients with insufficient hospitalization data, which would hinder and/or preclude the assessment of the reactions. The predictability of ADRs was based on the criteria of Schumock and Thornton. RESULTS: The study included 110 patients, representing 7.75% of the existing cases in the database, with 130 implicated drugs and 135 adverse reactions, for an average of 1.22 reactions/patient. Women represented 60.9% of hospital admission cases with an ADR. The mean patient age was 48 years old. The main drug classes involved were tuberculostatics, immunosuppressants, antiretrovirals, antibiotics, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. 32.8% of adverse reactions were classified as preventable. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the population admitted with ADRs corroborate the data in the literature and were influenced by the characteristics of the Institution. The evaluation of the predicted ADR was a strategy that favored the identification of the cases and is useful for the design of future actions to prevent harm to patients, the main object of pharmacovigilance Palavras-chaves: drug adverse reaction; hospital admissions; preventability
2

Reações adversas a medicamentos: coorte de pacientes ortopédicos / Adverse drug reactions: cohort of orthopedic patients

Martins, Tathiana Silva de Souza 08 September 2015 (has links)
Introdução: Reação Adversa a Medicamento (RAM) é qualquer resposta prejudicial ou indesejável e não intencional que ocorre com medicamentos em doses normalmente utilizadas no homem para profilaxia, diagnóstico, tratamento de doença ou para modificação de funções fisiológicas. Atualmente, representa uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade na área da saúde. Objetivo: Analisar as reações adversas a medicamentos e fatores associados em pacientes ortopédicos tratados com antibióticos. Método: Coorte prospectiva conduzida com 273 pacientes ortopédicos internados no Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos anos de 2012 e 2013, por meio de instrumento composto por variáveis demográficas-clínicas e terapia medicamentosa. Para identificação das RAMs realizou-se o monitoramento ativo, composto de: entrevista, análise de prontuários e exames laboratoriais. As RAMs consideradas graves foram analisadas por meio do formulário do Instituto Catalão de Farmacologia, Espanha. Na análise dos dados utilizaram-se os testes Mann-Whitney, Qui-Quadrado, exato de Fisher e regressão logística, com significância de p 0,05. Resultados: A incidência de RAM foi de 41%. O grupo com RAM apresentou maior média de idade (43,3; DP 10,9), tempo de internação (72,7; DP 40,9) e número de medicamentos concomitantes (13,2; DP 4,1). Os fatores associados foram número de medicamentos, uso de antimicobacteriano (OR 2,44; IC 1,3944,270) e carbapenêmicos (OR 2,38; IC 1,167 4,872). Identificaram-se 466 RAM, cuja maioria (67,1%) foi classificada como leve. No grupo de pacientes com RAMs graves identificaram-se leucopenia (46,6%), insuficiência renal aguda (40%) e hepatite medicamentosa (26,6%). Os antibióticos foram os principais medicamentos suspeitos de causar as RAMs graves (76,4%), sendo os mais frequentes (23,5%) formados pela tríade: amicacina + vancomicina + piperacilina com tazobactam. Conclusão: A incidência de RAM é maior quando se incorpora ao serviço de farmacovigilância a técnica de monitoramento contínuo dos pacientes hospitalizados e se utiliza a analise de exames laboratoriais como preditores para suspeitas de RAMs potencialmente graves / Introduction: Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) is any noxious, undesired or unintended response which occurs in the use of normal dosages of drugs for prophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments or for modifying physiologic functions. Nowadays, ADR represents one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the health service area. Objective: To analyze the occurrence of adverse reaction to drugs and factors related to orthopedic patients treated with antibiotics. Method: The prospective cohort study was conducted in 273 orthopedic patients hospitalized at the Brazilian Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics in Rio de Janeiro. The data collection was made during the years 2012 and 2013, using instruments composed by demographic-clinical variables and drug therapies. With the purpose of identifying occurrences of ADRs, during active monitoring, interviews were conducted, medical charts and exams were analyzed. In addition, the occurrence of ADRs considered harmful was analyzed by using a form provided by the Catalan Institute of Pharmacology, Spain. In the study of the data collected, was made use of Mann-Whitney tests, Chi-Squared test, Fishers exact test and logist regression, with p-value 0,05. Results: The occurrence of ADRs was of 41%. This group was composed by individuals with major age rage (43,3, SD 10,9), major time spent hospitalized (72,7; SD 40,9), and quantity of concurrent drugs used (13,2; SD 4,1). Also, the related factors were the number of drugs, the usage of Antimicobacterial agents (OR 2,44, CI 1,394-4,270) and Carbapenemases (OR 2,38; CI 1,167 4,872). During the study, there were identified 466 ADRs, and the majority (67,1%) was classified as low-grade. Additionally, in the group of patients with harm adverse reactions, it was possible to identify leukopenia (46,6%), acute kidney failure (40%) and drug-induced hepatitis (26,6%). The antibiotics were the main drugs suspected to be the cause of potentially harmful ADRs (76,4%), being the most frequent (23,5%) formed by the triad: amikacin + vancomycin + piperacillin-tazobactam. Conclusion: The occurrence of ADRs is higher when the practice of continuous monitoring of hospitalized patients is incorporated to the pharmacovigilance service, and the analyzes of lab exams are used as predictors for the suspicion of potentially harmful ADRs
3

Reações adversas a medicamentos: coorte de pacientes ortopédicos / Adverse drug reactions: cohort of orthopedic patients

Tathiana Silva de Souza Martins 08 September 2015 (has links)
Introdução: Reação Adversa a Medicamento (RAM) é qualquer resposta prejudicial ou indesejável e não intencional que ocorre com medicamentos em doses normalmente utilizadas no homem para profilaxia, diagnóstico, tratamento de doença ou para modificação de funções fisiológicas. Atualmente, representa uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade na área da saúde. Objetivo: Analisar as reações adversas a medicamentos e fatores associados em pacientes ortopédicos tratados com antibióticos. Método: Coorte prospectiva conduzida com 273 pacientes ortopédicos internados no Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos anos de 2012 e 2013, por meio de instrumento composto por variáveis demográficas-clínicas e terapia medicamentosa. Para identificação das RAMs realizou-se o monitoramento ativo, composto de: entrevista, análise de prontuários e exames laboratoriais. As RAMs consideradas graves foram analisadas por meio do formulário do Instituto Catalão de Farmacologia, Espanha. Na análise dos dados utilizaram-se os testes Mann-Whitney, Qui-Quadrado, exato de Fisher e regressão logística, com significância de p 0,05. Resultados: A incidência de RAM foi de 41%. O grupo com RAM apresentou maior média de idade (43,3; DP 10,9), tempo de internação (72,7; DP 40,9) e número de medicamentos concomitantes (13,2; DP 4,1). Os fatores associados foram número de medicamentos, uso de antimicobacteriano (OR 2,44; IC 1,3944,270) e carbapenêmicos (OR 2,38; IC 1,167 4,872). Identificaram-se 466 RAM, cuja maioria (67,1%) foi classificada como leve. No grupo de pacientes com RAMs graves identificaram-se leucopenia (46,6%), insuficiência renal aguda (40%) e hepatite medicamentosa (26,6%). Os antibióticos foram os principais medicamentos suspeitos de causar as RAMs graves (76,4%), sendo os mais frequentes (23,5%) formados pela tríade: amicacina + vancomicina + piperacilina com tazobactam. Conclusão: A incidência de RAM é maior quando se incorpora ao serviço de farmacovigilância a técnica de monitoramento contínuo dos pacientes hospitalizados e se utiliza a analise de exames laboratoriais como preditores para suspeitas de RAMs potencialmente graves / Introduction: Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) is any noxious, undesired or unintended response which occurs in the use of normal dosages of drugs for prophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments or for modifying physiologic functions. Nowadays, ADR represents one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the health service area. Objective: To analyze the occurrence of adverse reaction to drugs and factors related to orthopedic patients treated with antibiotics. Method: The prospective cohort study was conducted in 273 orthopedic patients hospitalized at the Brazilian Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics in Rio de Janeiro. The data collection was made during the years 2012 and 2013, using instruments composed by demographic-clinical variables and drug therapies. With the purpose of identifying occurrences of ADRs, during active monitoring, interviews were conducted, medical charts and exams were analyzed. In addition, the occurrence of ADRs considered harmful was analyzed by using a form provided by the Catalan Institute of Pharmacology, Spain. In the study of the data collected, was made use of Mann-Whitney tests, Chi-Squared test, Fishers exact test and logist regression, with p-value 0,05. Results: The occurrence of ADRs was of 41%. This group was composed by individuals with major age rage (43,3, SD 10,9), major time spent hospitalized (72,7; SD 40,9), and quantity of concurrent drugs used (13,2; SD 4,1). Also, the related factors were the number of drugs, the usage of Antimicobacterial agents (OR 2,44, CI 1,394-4,270) and Carbapenemases (OR 2,38; CI 1,167 4,872). During the study, there were identified 466 ADRs, and the majority (67,1%) was classified as low-grade. Additionally, in the group of patients with harm adverse reactions, it was possible to identify leukopenia (46,6%), acute kidney failure (40%) and drug-induced hepatitis (26,6%). The antibiotics were the main drugs suspected to be the cause of potentially harmful ADRs (76,4%), being the most frequent (23,5%) formed by the triad: amikacin + vancomycin + piperacillin-tazobactam. Conclusion: The occurrence of ADRs is higher when the practice of continuous monitoring of hospitalized patients is incorporated to the pharmacovigilance service, and the analyzes of lab exams are used as predictors for the suspicion of potentially harmful ADRs

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