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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Leitura e escola: um estudo sobre a visão de professores e alunos sobre a prática de leitura

Baiarde, Elaine Cristina 15 October 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elaine Cristina Baiarde.pdf: 17998746 bytes, checksum: 041dcaf46a4139ceb6e1f44cceb4cb0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research has as subject the study of the reading and its education in the classroom. To argue this, it is presented conception of reading, the act to read and to understand. In the other hand, if describes the strategies of reading understanding that are used at the moment of the processing of the text. The theoretical referencial of the National Curricular Parameters if makes appear, with intention to explain the education of reading in classroom. Also if it presents the influence of the literal sorts in education and objective reading.The development of the activity of this work is: to present the theoretical beddings on the reading education and to describe as a group of professors and pupils understand reading and its education in the classroom. The research is organized in three chapters. The first one presents the conception of reading, the act to read and to understand. On the second has as referencial theoretician of teach and learn reading and the quarrels of PCN (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais). In this chapter also if it explains the influence of the literal sorts in the reading education. The third chapter presents the quarrels on reading and education of a group of professors and pupils of a school of the particular net. The data presented and argued in this chapter happen of questionnaire considered to the teachers of the inquired pertaining to school unit; of activity carried through in classroom with pupils of Basic and finally, of questionaire and activity considered to pupils of college. Explained, in this study, that the education of reading practised in the school selected for analysis contributes so that the pupil if becomes a critical and reflective reader in the society contemporary, therefore for what if it perceives in this school, education and, consequently the practical reader makes with that the pupils assume themselves of the characteristics of the diverse texts that is studied in the lessons it understands and them of coherent form, thus accomplishing the full participation of these pupils in the world scholar / Esta pesquisa tem como tema a leitura e seu ensino na sala de aula. Para se discutir isso, apresenta-se a concepção de leitura, do ato de ler e de compreender. Ademais, descrevem-se os modelos de leitura e as estratégias de compreensão leitora que são utilizadas no momento do processamento do texto. Uma discussão dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais também se faz presente, além da apresentação da influência da abordagem dos gêneros textuais no ensino e desenvolvimento da atividade leitora. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: apresentar e discutir alguns dos principais fundamentos teóricos sobre leitura; apresentar e discutir os estudos que tratam do ensino de leitura; descrever e discutir o modo como um grupo específico de professores e de alunos compreende leitura e seu ensino na sala de aula. Para a consecução de tais objetivos, a pesquisa organiza-se em três capítulos: No primeiro deles, discute-se a definição de leitura, do ato de ler e de compreender. No segundo capítulo, apresentam-se os fundamentos teóricos sobre o ensino de leitura na escola e as discussões dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. No terceiro e último capítulo, concentra-se a discussão sobre o ensino de leitura, segundo a visão de um grupo de professores e alunos de uma escola particular selecionada para a pesquisa. Os dados apresentados e discutidos nesse capítulo advêm de questionário proposto aos professores da unidade escolar averiguada; de atividade realizada em sala de aula com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e, por último, de questionário e atividade propostos aos alunos de Ensino Médio.Conclui-se, nesta dissertação, que o ensino de leitura praticado na escola selecionada para análise contribui para que o aluno se torne um leitor crítico e reflexivo na sociedade contemporânea, pois pelo que se percebe nessa escola, o ensino e, conseqüentemente a prática leitora faz com que os alunos apropriem-se das características dos diversos textos que são estudados nas aulas e os compreenda de forma coerente, efetivando assim a participação plena desses alunos no mundo letrado
2

Compreensão de leitura em profissionais surdos de uma instituição de ensino superior / Reading understanding on deaf professionals of a higher education institution

Vieira, Adriana Fachinelli 06 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-02-16T19:31:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Fachinelli Vieira.pdf: 2258256 bytes, checksum: cc0dfba5410d79011aa66e7bab910602 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-16T19:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Fachinelli Vieira.pdf: 2258256 bytes, checksum: cc0dfba5410d79011aa66e7bab910602 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-06 / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / Introduction: Reading is an important practice to communicate and to understand the world around us, thus helping individuals to act socially actively and critically. Some researches indicate that deaf subjects have significant difficulties in reading comprehension. Objective: To assess reading comprehension in deaf professionals from a higher education institution. Method: Case study: 14 adult subjects, deaf, literate, both male and female, aged between 20.6 and 42.7 years. Procedure: Phase 1: Application of Cloze Test on a journalistic text with approximately 200 words. Each subject was instructed to fill in the blanks (30) with the appropriate words to the content of the text. Phase 2: According to the results obtained by the subjects in Cloze test, they were asked to perform a new linguistic task: reading followed by the preparation of a written summary of the original text.06 subjects accepted to participate in this phase. Criteria for results interpretation: the answers provided in Cloze test were ranked as: correct (identical to the original text), possible (other than the original text, but with appropriate sense), incorrect and no answer. A descriptive data analysis was held through absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies, in addition to central tendency (mean and median) and dispersion (standard deviation, minimum and maximum) measures. The summarized texts were qualitatively analyzed with the following criteria: time spent, understanding of the essential content, understanding of complementary content, and inclusion of personal opinions. Results: Most of the subjects obtained scores significantly below compared to the maximum total score (60 points) of the Cloze test. Of the 6 phase 2 participants, only one did not included essential information in the summary of the text. Conclusion: the performance in reading comprehension, in deaf subjects enrolled, is hampered by the formal (morphological and syntactic) aspects of the linguistic code demanded by Cloze test; and favored by semantic and pragmatic aspects used to elaborate written summaries / Introdução: A leitura é uma prática importante para a comunicação e compreensão do mundo a nossa volta, contribuindo para que indivíduo atue socialmente de forma ativa e crítica. Pesquisas apontam que sujeitos surdos apresentam dificuldades significativas na compreensão de leitura. OBJETIVO: avaliar a compreensão de leitura em profissionais surdos de uma instituição de ensino superior. Método: Casuística: 14 sujeitos adultos surdos, alfabetizados, de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária entre 20,6 e 42,7 anos. Procedimento: Fase 1: Aplicação do Teste Cloze a partir de um texto jornalístico com aproximadamente 200 palavras. Cada sujeito foi orientado a preencher as lacunas (30) com palavras que considerasse adequadas ao conteúdo do texto. Fase 2: Diante dos resultados obtidos pelos sujeitos no teste Cloze, eles foram contatados para desempenhar uma nova tarefa linguística: leitura seguida de elaboração de resumo escrito do texto original. 06 sujeitos aceitaram participara dessa fase. Critérios de interpretação dos resultados: as respostas do teste Cloze foram categorizadas em: correta (idêntica ao texto original), possível (diferente do texto original, mas com sentido pertinente), incorreta e em branco. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados por meio de frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%), medidas de tendência central (média e mediana) e dispersão (desvio-padrão, mínimo e máximo). Os resumos foram analisados qualitativamente a partir dos seguintes critérios: tempo despendido, compreensão do conteúdo essencial, compreensão dos conteúdos complementares, inclusão de opiniões pessoais. Resultados: A maioria dos sujeitos obteve pontuação significativamente abaixo do total máximo (60 pontos) no teste Cloze. Dos 6 participantes da fase 2, apenas um não apresentou no resumo as informações essenciais do texto. Conclusão: O desempenho em compreensão de leitura, nos sujeitos surdos estudados, é dificultado pelos aspectos formais do código linguístico (morfológicos e sintáticos) demandados pelo teste Cloze; e favorecido pelos aspectos semânticos e pragmáticos mobilizados para a realização de resumos escritos
3

Különböző típusú szövegek kreatív olvasásának fejlesztése az anyanyelv tanításában (Razvijanje sposobnosti kreativnog čitanja različitih tipova tekstova u nastavi maternjeg jezika) / The Development of Creative Reading of Texts with a Different Type in Native Language Teaching

Terteli Telek Marta 07 July 2016 (has links)
<p>K&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;ző t&iacute;pus&uacute; sz&ouml;vegek kreat&iacute;v olvas&aacute;s&aacute;nak fejleszt&eacute;se az anyanyelv tan&iacute;t&aacute;s&aacute;ban (Razvijanje sposobnosti kreativnog čitanja različitih tipova tekstova u nastavi maternjeg jezika) tretira metode i procese kojima se razvija čitanje sa razumevanjem (čitalačka pismenost). Ukazuje na to da su preduslov za razumevanje teksta razvijena tehnika čitanja, leksički fond, razumevanje sintagme i rečenice, izvođenje zaključaka, razuđenost teksta, prepoznavanje strukture teksta, unutra&scaron;nja slika (mentalna mapa) tipa teksta, u pisanom tekstu poznavanje vizuelnog upravljanja (forma teksta) i jezičkog upravljanja, retorike, uvažavanje vizuelnog konteksta (slike i ilustracije, tumačenje uzajamno komplementarnih tekstova i slika), prepoznavanje stila (stilskog registra), veći kapacitet radne memorije, monitoring okvirnog znanja (poznavanje sveta), procesa razumevanja itd. U radu se prikazuju oblici ispoljavanja deficita pri razumevanju teksta, a obja&scaron;njavaju se i uzroci.<br />Autorka analizira strategije razvijanja čitalačke pismenosti sa razumevanjem različitih tipova tekstova počev od beletristike (bajki i poezije), preko naučno-popularne literature (udžbenika) do adekvatnog tumačenja multimedijalnih, pa i digitalnih tekstova. Usput spominje kreativno-produktivne vežbe, ilustruje njihovu ulogu, značaj u stvaranju značenja, prikazuje mehanizam za postizanje efekata kod vežbi kreativnog pisanja i bavi se metodikom vaspitavanja čitalaca.<br />U doktorskoj disertaciji, nakon razmatranja teoretsko-metodolo&scaron;ke osnove čitanja sa razumevanjem različitih tipova tekstova, sledi prezentacija rezultata empirijskog istraživanja, kvantitativna i kvalitativna analiza sa matematičko-statističkom obradom podataka. U istraživanju je kori&scaron;ćen test za razumevanje teksta koji nije formalan (standardni), odnosno upitnik o čitalačkim navikama. Uzorak obuhvata 800 učenika: iz naselja u kojima Mađari žive u homogenim sredinama, u rasejanju, odnosno u izolovanim manjim zajednicama.<br />Tokom istraživanja autorka je ispitivala u kojoj meri jezička sredina učenika (Mađari u homogenim naseljima, u rasejanju ili izolovanim zajednicama) utiče na nivo razvoja njihove sposobnosti razumevanja teksta, kao i da li postoji statistički značajna povezanost (pozitivna korelacija) između socijalno-kulturne sredine učenika i nivoa razvoja njihove sposobnosti razumevanja teksta. Istraživanje obuhvata i aspekat postojanja statistički značajne razlike među polovima &scaron;to se tiče sposobnosti kreativnog čitanja i da li ima razlike u procentima re&scaron;enih zadataka vezanih za razne tipove tekstova, odnosno u kojoj meri učinak u razumevanju teksta zavisi od tipa teksta. Tokom kvalitativne analize dobija se odgovor i na to, kako su mediji promenili tradicionalnu strukturu kori&scaron;ćenja slobodnog vremena, odnosno kako se menja profil čitanja po žanrovima i struktura traženog &scaron;tiva.<br />Koristeći metode deskriptivne, istorijske, statističke i teorijske analize doktorska disertacija daje uvid u nivo razvoja učenika 4. razreda osnovne &scaron;kole ‒ na teritorijama gde Mađari žive homogeno, u rasejanju ili u izolovanim zajednicama ‒ &scaron;to se tiče sposobnosti razumevanja teksta, odnosno čitalačkih navika. Disertacija može poslužiti kao osnova za dalja istraživanja, dajući podlogu za komparativne analize.</p> / <p>The doctoral dissertation entitled K&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;ző t&iacute;pus&uacute; sz&ouml;vegek kreat&iacute;v olvas&aacute;s&aacute;nak fejleszt&eacute;se az anyanyelv tan&iacute;t&aacute;s&aacute;ban (English translation: The development of creative reading of texts with a different type in native language teaching) examines the methods, procedures enhancing text comprehending reading. It sheds light on the fact that the condition of text comprehending is the developed reading technique, the vocabulary, syntagm- and sentence understanding, drawing the conclusions, the articulateness of the text, the recognition of text structure, the inner picture of the text type (its mental map), the visual control (the text form) and the lingual control in the written text, the knowledge of the rhetoric, taking into consideration (the interpretation of a text and figure being complementary with each other) the visual context (figures and illustrations), identification of the style (the style register), bigger work memory capacity, the knowledge framework (world knowledge), monitoring the understanding process, etc. Furthermore, it presents the forms of manifestation of the text comprehending deficits, and brings the reasons to light.<br />By analysing the development strategies of comprehending reading of texts with a different type, the author starts from the literary texts (from the tale and the poem), through the educational (course book) texts gets to the adequate interpretation of the multimedia and digital texts. Meanwhile flashes the creative-productive practices by illustrating their role, significance in meaning creation, presents the mode of action of the creative writing practices, and touches upon the methodology of educating for reading.<br />In the doctoral dissertation, the theoretical-methodological establishment of the comprehending reading of different type of texts is followed by the presentation of the results of the empirical research, respectively the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the statistical data. The research was not carried out with the examination of a random sample, it is not a formal (not standard) text comprehending test, and it is based on the questionnaire surveying the reading habits. 800 students belong to the sample: the students living on areas predominantly inhabited by ethnic Hungarian population (compact areas), students living in a diaspora environment, and students from scattered areas.<br />In the course of her research the author examines whether the students&#39; lingual environment (living on areas predominantly inhabited by ethnic Hungarian population, in a diaspora environment, and on scattered areas) influences the development level of text comprehending ability, furthermore whether statistically there exists considerable connection (positive correlation) between the students&#39; sociocultural background and the development level of text comprehending ability. The research also extends to whether, as regard the genders, there can be observed statistically considerable difference regarding the level of creative reading ability, and whether the resolution proportions of the tasks being attached to different type of texts show a difference, namely to what extend does text comprehending performance depend on the text type. In the course of the qualitative analysis we have also got an answer of how did the media modify the traditional structure of free time spending, and how did the aspect of reading change regarding the read genres, the reading structure.<br />By the descriptive, historical, statistical and theoretical analysis, the doctoral dissertation draws a picture ‒ on the areas predominantly inhabited by ethnic Hungarian population (compact areas), the diaspora environment, and on scattered areas ‒ with regard to the primary school fourth grade students, on the development level of text comprehending ability, and maps the reading habits as well. The dissertation may serve as the basis of additional researches, providing the basis for comparative analyses.</p>

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