Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 1993. / Title from PDF t.p.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (November 13, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. / Ashraf Saad, Committee Member ; Spyros Reveliotis, Committee Member ; Anthony Yezzi, Committee Member ; Erik Verriest, Committee Member ; Yorai Wardi, Committee Co-Chair ; Magnus Egerstedt, Committee Chair.

by Zhou, Shengli. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-75). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background of Gesture Recognition --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- HCI System --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Vision Based HCI System --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Accelerometer Based HCI System --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Pattern Recognition Methods --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Outline --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- 2D Hand-Written Character Recognition --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction to Accelerometer Based Hand-Written Character Recognition --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Character Recognition Based on Trajectory Reconstruction --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Character Recognition Based on Classification --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Neural Network --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Mathematical Model of Neural Network (NN) --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Types of Neural Network Learning --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Properties of Neural Network --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- Experimental Setup --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4 --- Configuration of Sensing Mote --- p.18 / Chapter 2.5 --- Data Acquisition Methods --- p.19 / Chapter 2.6 --- Data Preprocessing Methods --- p.20 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) --- p.21 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) --- p.23 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- Problem Analysis --- p.25 / Chapter 2.7 --- Hand-written Character Classification using SOMs --- p.26 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Recognition of All Characters in the Same Group --- p.27 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Recognize the Numbers and Letters Respectively --- p.28 / Chapter 2.8 --- Conclusion --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Human Gesture Recognition --- p.32 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction to Human Gesture Recognition --- p.32 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Dynamic Gesture Recognition --- p.32 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) --- p.33 / Chapter 3.1.2.1 --- Applications of HMMs --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.2.2 --- Training Algorithm --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1.2.3 --- Recognition Algorithm --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- System Architecture --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Experimental Devices --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Data Acquisition Methods --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- System Work Flow --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3 --- Real-Time Gesture Spotting --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Introduction --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Gesture Segmentation Based on Standard Deviation Calculation --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Evaluation of Gesture Spotting Program --- p.47 / Chapter 3.4 --- Comparison of Data Processing Methods --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) --- p.49 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Zero Bias Compensation and Filtering (ZBC&F) --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Comparison of Experimental Results --- p.52 / Chapter 3.5 --- Data Base Setup --- p.53 / Chapter 3.6 --- Experimental Results Based on the Database Obtained from Ten Test Subjects --- p.53 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Experimental Results when Gestures are Manually and Automatically “cut´ح --- p.54 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- The Influence of Number of Dominant Frequencies on Recognition --- p.55 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- The Influence of Sampling Frequencies on Recognition --- p.59 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Influence of Number of Test Subjects on Recognition --- p.62 / Chapter 3.6.4.1 --- Experimental Results When Training and Testing Subjects Are Overlaped --- p.61 / Chapter 3.6.4.2 --- Experimental Results When Training and Testing Subjects Are Not Overlap --- p.62 / Chapter 3.6.4.3 --- Discussion --- p.65 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.68 / Bibliography --- p.70

Com o intuito de utilizar uma rede com protocolo IP para a implementação de malhas fechadas de controle, este trabalho propõe-se a realizar um estudo da operação de um sistema de controle dinâmico distribuído, comparando-o com a operação de um sistema de controle local convencional. Em geral, a decisão de projetar uma arquitetura de controle distribuído é feita baseada na simplicidade, na redução dos custos e confiabilidade; portanto, um diferencial bastante importante é a utilização da rede IP. O objetivo de uma rede de controle não é transmitir dados digitais, mas dados analógicos amostrados. Assim, métricas usuais em redes de computadores, como quantidade de dados e taxa de transferências, tornam-se secundárias em uma rede de controle. São propostas técnicas para tratar os pacotes que sofrem atrasos e recuperar o desempenho do sistema de controle através da rede IP. A chave para este método é realizar a estimação do conteúdo dos pacotes que sofrem atrasos com base no modelo dinâmico do sistema, mantendo o sistema com um nível adequado de desempenho. O sistema considerado é o controle de um manipulador antropomórfico com dois braços e uma cabeça de visão estéreo totalizando 18 juntas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que se pode recuperar boa parte do desempenho do sistema. / ln order to enable the use of IP networks to implement closed-Ioop control systems, this work compares a distributed control system to its conventional counterpart, which is based on local controI. Usually the option for a distributed control architecture is motivated by simplicity, cost reduction and reliability, hence the use of an IP network. The goal of a control network is not to transmit pure digital data, but to transmit digitized control and sensor signals. Therefore, metrics common in computer networks, such as amount of transfered data and transfer rates, become of little importance. This work proposes a method to compensate for the delays imposed to network packets and to recover the control system performance. The key for this method is to estimate the contents of delayed network packets based on the system dymanic modeI. The example system is an antropormorphic robot with two arms and a stereo vision head. Results show that the system performance can be recovered.

[pt] Este trabalho descreve um sistema destinado à síntese de quatro sons simultâneos controlado a microcomputador utilizando a técnica de síntese substantiva. O hardware utiliza blocos analógicos que realizam as funções de geração, filtragem e conformação, e a execução em tempo real é possível através de um teclado musical. A programação desenvolvida permite ao usuário atuar nestes blocos determinando parâmetros básicos do som, que podem ser armazenados e recuperados de discos flexíveis. O hardware permite a síntese da voz humana através de um software a ser desenvolvido, que pode utilizar uma biblioteca de fonemas em discos flexíveis, contendo as diversas funções de controle necessárias. / [en] This work describes a system intendent to perform synthesis of four simultaneous sonds controlled by microcomputer using sustrative syntesis technique. Hardware employs analogical performing generating, filtering and conformative functions and performance in real time is allowed throug use of a Keyboard. Programming developed allows user to act upon those blocks, determining basic sound parameters which can be stored recovered from diskettes. Human voice synthesis is possible by means of a futurely developed software wuch will use a phonem library in flexible disks containing the different needed controlling functions.

Com o intuito de utilizar uma rede com protocolo IP para a implementação de malhas fechadas de controle, este trabalho propõe-se a realizar um estudo da operação de um sistema de controle dinâmico distribuído, comparando-o com a operação de um sistema de controle local convencional. Em geral, a decisão de projetar uma arquitetura de controle distribuído é feita baseada na simplicidade, na redução dos custos e confiabilidade; portanto, um diferencial bastante importante é a utilização da rede IP. O objetivo de uma rede de controle não é transmitir dados digitais, mas dados analógicos amostrados. Assim, métricas usuais em redes de computadores, como quantidade de dados e taxa de transferências, tornam-se secundárias em uma rede de controle. São propostas técnicas para tratar os pacotes que sofrem atrasos e recuperar o desempenho do sistema de controle através da rede IP. A chave para este método é realizar a estimação do conteúdo dos pacotes que sofrem atrasos com base no modelo dinâmico do sistema, mantendo o sistema com um nível adequado de desempenho. O sistema considerado é o controle de um manipulador antropomórfico com dois braços e uma cabeça de visão estéreo totalizando 18 juntas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que se pode recuperar boa parte do desempenho do sistema. / ln order to enable the use of IP networks to implement closed-Ioop control systems, this work compares a distributed control system to its conventional counterpart, which is based on local controI. Usually the option for a distributed control architecture is motivated by simplicity, cost reduction and reliability, hence the use of an IP network. The goal of a control network is not to transmit pure digital data, but to transmit digitized control and sensor signals. Therefore, metrics common in computer networks, such as amount of transfered data and transfer rates, become of little importance. This work proposes a method to compensate for the delays imposed to network packets and to recover the control system performance. The key for this method is to estimate the contents of delayed network packets based on the system dymanic modeI. The example system is an antropormorphic robot with two arms and a stereo vision head. Results show that the system performance can be recovered.

Com o intuito de utilizar uma rede com protocolo IP para a implementação de malhas fechadas de controle, este trabalho propõe-se a realizar um estudo da operação de um sistema de controle dinâmico distribuído, comparando-o com a operação de um sistema de controle local convencional. Em geral, a decisão de projetar uma arquitetura de controle distribuído é feita baseada na simplicidade, na redução dos custos e confiabilidade; portanto, um diferencial bastante importante é a utilização da rede IP. O objetivo de uma rede de controle não é transmitir dados digitais, mas dados analógicos amostrados. Assim, métricas usuais em redes de computadores, como quantidade de dados e taxa de transferências, tornam-se secundárias em uma rede de controle. São propostas técnicas para tratar os pacotes que sofrem atrasos e recuperar o desempenho do sistema de controle através da rede IP. A chave para este método é realizar a estimação do conteúdo dos pacotes que sofrem atrasos com base no modelo dinâmico do sistema, mantendo o sistema com um nível adequado de desempenho. O sistema considerado é o controle de um manipulador antropomórfico com dois braços e uma cabeça de visão estéreo totalizando 18 juntas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que se pode recuperar boa parte do desempenho do sistema. / ln order to enable the use of IP networks to implement closed-Ioop control systems, this work compares a distributed control system to its conventional counterpart, which is based on local controI. Usually the option for a distributed control architecture is motivated by simplicity, cost reduction and reliability, hence the use of an IP network. The goal of a control network is not to transmit pure digital data, but to transmit digitized control and sensor signals. Therefore, metrics common in computer networks, such as amount of transfered data and transfer rates, become of little importance. This work proposes a method to compensate for the delays imposed to network packets and to recover the control system performance. The key for this method is to estimate the contents of delayed network packets based on the system dymanic modeI. The example system is an antropormorphic robot with two arms and a stereo vision head. Results show that the system performance can be recovered.

This thesis investigates innovative effluent point-source permitting approaches from an integrated urban wastewater system (UWWS) perspective, and demonstrates that three proposed permitting approaches based on optimal operational or control strategies of the wastewater system are effective in delivering multiple and balanced environmental benefits (water quality, GHG emissions) in a cost-efficient manner. Traditional permitting policy and current flexible permitting practices are first reviewed, and opportunities for permitting from an integrated UWWS perspective are identified. An operational strategy-based permitting approach is first developed by a four-step permitting framework. Based on integrated UWWS modelling, operational strategies are optimised with objectives including minimisation of operational cost, variability of treatment efficiency and environmental risk, subject to compliance of environmental water quality standards. As trade-offs exist between the three objectives, the optimal solutions are screened according to the decision-makers’ preference and permits are derived based on the selected solutions. The advantages of this permitting approach over the traditional regulatory method are: a) cost-effectiveness is considered in decision-making, and b) permitting based on operational strategies is more reliable in delivering desirable environmental outcomes. In the studied case, the selected operational strategies achieve over 78% lower environmental risk with at least 7% lower operational cost than the baseline scenario; in comparison, the traditional end-of-pipe limits can lead to expensive solutions with no better environmental water quality. The developed permitting framework facilitates the derivation of sustainable solutions as: a) stakeholders are involved at all points of the decision-making process, so that various impacts of the operation of the UWWS can be considered, and b) multi-objective optimisation algorithm and visual analytics tool are employed to efficiently optimise and select high performance operational solutions. The second proposed permitting approach is based on optimal integrated real time control (RTC) strategies. Permits are developed by a three-step decision-making analysis framework similar to the first approach. An off-line model-based predictive aeration control strategy is investigated for the case study, and further benefits (9% lower environmental risk and 0.6% less cost) are achieved by an optimal RTC strategy exploiting the dynamic assimilation capacity of the environment. A similar permitting approach, but simpler than the first two methods, is developed to derive operational/control strategy-based permits by an integrated cost-risk analysis framework. Less comprehensive modelling and optimisation skills are needed as it couples a dynamic wastewater system model and a stochastic permitting model and uses sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis to optimise operational/control strategies, hence this approach can be a good option to develop risk-based cost-effective permits without intensive resources. Finally, roadmaps for the implementation of the three innovative permitting approaches are discussed. Current performance-based regulations and self-monitoring schemes are used as examples to visualise the new way of permitting. The viability of the proposed methods as alternative regulation approaches are evaluated against the core competencies of modern policy-making.

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