Aus der Einleitung: "Klassische VR/AR-Ausgabegeräte sind meist kopfgetragene Systeme oder 3D-Projektionsanlagen. In bestimmten Anwendungsfällen, zum Beispiel in der Wartung (Schreiber 2011) oder auch in Bauplanung und Bauausführung (Woodward 2011), verbieten sich diese Geräte aufgrund von Arbeitsschutzbestimmungen oder widrigen Einsatzbedingungen. Hier bieten sich Smartphones oder auf ähnlicher Technologie arbeitende Tablett-Computer als Alternative an, insbesondere dann, wenn stereoskopische Darstellung nicht benötigt wird."

Data loss has always been a side effect of sharing 3D models between different CAD systems. Continuous research and new frameworks have been implemented to minimise the data loss in CAD and in other downstream applications separately like 3D visual graphics applications (eg. 3DS Max, Blender etc.). As a first step into this research area, the thesis is an explorative study on understanding the problem of CAD data loss while exchanging models between a CAD application and a visual application. The thesis is performed at Tacton systems which provides product configurations to their customers in both CAD and visual environments and hence the research is focussed on reusing the CAD data in visual applications or restoring the data after exchange. The research questions are framed to answer the reasons of data loss and address the possible implementation techniques at the company. Being a niche topic, the thesis required inputs from different perspectives and knowledge sharing from people outside the company which proves the significance of open innovation in technology-oriented companies. Ten different ideas were brainstormed and developed into concepts to solve the problem of data loss. All the concepts are analysed and evaluated to check the functionality and feasibility of implementing it within the company workflow. The evaluations resulted in different concepts that are capable of solving the research problem. They have also been verified with various people internal and external to the company. The results also highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each of these concepts giving clear instructions to the company on the next steps. / Dataförluster har alltid varit en följd av att dela 3D-modeller mellan olika CAD-system. I forskning har nya metoder utvecklats och implementerats för att minimera dataförlusten i CAD och andra program, som t.ex. visuella 3D-grafikapplikationer (3DS Max, Blender etc.). Denna rapport är resultatet av en studie kring CAD-dataförluster när man överför modeller mellan ett CAD-program och ett visualiseringsprogram. Studien har utförts vid Tacton Systems AB, som tillhandahåller produktkonfigureringslösningar både i CAD-program och i visuella miljöer och därför har studien haft fokus på att återanvända eller återskapa CAD-data i visualiseringsprogramvaror. Forskningsfrågorna är inriktade på att hitta orsaker till dataförlusterna och möjliga lösningar för företaget. Eftersom detta är ett högspecialiserat ämne krävde arbetet insatser från olika perspektiv och kunskapsinhämtning från människor också utanför företaget, vilket visar på betydelsen av öppen innovation i teknikorienterade företag. Tio olika idéer togs fram och utvecklades till koncept för att lösa problemet med dataförluster. Alla koncept har analyserats och utvärderats för att bedöma deras funktionalitet och genomförbarhet, för att implementera dem inom företagets arbetsflöde. Utvärderingarna resulterade i sex olika koncept som skulle kunna lösa problemet. Dessa koncept har diskuterats och verifierats med olika personer inom och utanför företaget. Resultatet visar styrkor och svagheter i vart och ett av dessa koncept och ger tydliga rekommendationer till företaget om nästa steg.

[pt] Atualmente, diversas áreas de Computação Gráfica necessitam processar uma grande quantidade de dados. Para visualizar em tempo-real esses dados é necessário lidar com dois tipos de problema. O primeiro está relacionado com o pouco tempo destinado para realizar os cálculos no processo de síntese de imagem. O segundo problema surge da capacidade limitada de armazenamento dos dispositivos de alta velocidade, como memórias RAM e de textura. Para resolver o primeiro problema, este trabalho utilizou a técnica de multi-resolução para representar os dados gráficos. A representação em multi-resolução permite que a quantidade de dados processada durante a visualização seja praticamente constante. O segundo problema foi resolvido a partir de um sistema de gerenciamento de memória preditivo baseado no modelo de memória virtual. Este trabalho propõe uma arquitetura que permite que qualquer tipo de dispositivo de armazenamento seja inserido. Os dispositivos estão organizados em seqüência. O funcionamento do sistema consiste em reservar um espaço de memória em cada dispositivo e gerenciar esse espaço de forma otimizada. O sistema de predição tem a finalidade de carregar antecipadamente os dados que serão provavelmente utilizados pela aplicação num futuro próximo. Este trabalho propõe um algoritmo de predição adaptativo específico para o problema de visualização. Este algoritmo explora as informações sobre as variações dos parâmetros da câmera e as informações sobre a taxa de transferência de dados, que são usadas para decidir o que deve ser carregado. As informações dos parâmetros da câmera ajudam a determinar os dados que possivelmente serão utilizados pela aplicação. A informação da taxa de transmissão é utilizada para decidir qual o nível de resolução desses dados que devem ser carregados antecipadamente para os dispositivos de alta velocidade. O sistema de gerenciamento de memória preditivo foi testado em aplicações de visualização de imagens de satélite e panoramas virtuais,em tempo-real. / [en] Nowadays, many areas of computer graphics need to process a huge amount of data. In order to visualize the data in realtime time, it is necessary to solve two different problems. The first problem is the limited time available to perform rendering. The second one arises from the restricted capacity of storage high-speed memories, like RAM and texture memories. In order to solve the first problem, this work has used multi-resolution techniques. The multi-resolution representation allows the application to work with a constant amount of data during the rendering process. The second problem has been solved by a predictive management memory system based on the virtual memory model. This work proposes an architecture that allows any storage device to be incorporated in the system. Devices are organized sequentially. The heart of the system consists in allocating an area of memory for each device and managing this space optimally. The predictive system aims to load in advance. The data that will probably be used by the application in the near future. This work proposes a specific adaptative prediction algorithm for the visualization problem. This algorithm exploits the information about the camera parameter variations as well as the data transfer rate, in order to decide what should be loaded. The camera parameters are used to determine which data will possibly be used by the application. The transfer rate is used to decide which resolution level of the data should be loaded to the high- speed devices, in advance. The predictive memory management system has been tested for real-time visualization of satellite images and virtual panoramas.

This study explores how interior design can be complemented with Augmented Reality(AR), focusing on a software developed using Unity and implemented with ARKit foriOS platforms. The software intended to allow real-time visualization of walls in rooms,all the while having the capability of excluding decorations, furniture or other objectsobstructing the identified walls. This would allow the user to adjust the resulting virtualwall to their needs, whether that be changing the color or material of it. If succeeded, itcould revolutionize interior design as one could visualize the room completely furnishedwith the changes applied to the wall. Regrettably, the software did not reach thatstage. While the application succeeded in identifying walls and coloring them, it failedto exclude objects that obstructed the walls and open doors due to technical constraints.The paper also provides guidance as to how the result may be improved. Despite thechallenges mentioned, this application lays a foundational understanding of augmentedreality’s potential in interior design and serves as a stepping stone in a sparsely exploredarea.