Tradicionalmente no reforço de pilares de concreto armado são empregados materiais já consagrados, como as chapas de aço, o próprio concreto armado, e, mais recentemente, o polímero reforçado com fibras (PRF). Porém existem ainda alguns problemas associados a estes materiais ou, mais especificamente, às técnicas utilizadas para promover o reforço, destacando-se a dificuldade de execução, comportamento frágil e perda de área útil em função do aumento da seção transversal do pilar original. Por outro lado, o desenvolvimento da tecnologia dos materias e a constante inovação tecnológica tem como resultado a oferta de uma grande variedade de materiais com características orientadas à solução de um determinado problema. Cita-se como exemplo o concreto reforçado com fibras de aço, inicialmente desenvolvido para aplicação em elementos submetidos à flexão, mas que apresenta atributos, que se bem explorados, são desejáveis para aplicação no reforço de pilares. Busca-se neste trabalho desenvolver estratégias e técnicas de reforço que busquem potencializar o aproveitamento de todos os atributos oferecidos pelos materiais comumente empregados e desenvolver um concreto reforçado com fibras de aço com diferentes comprimentos que possibilite sua aplicação no reforço de pilares. Os resultados da análise experimental demonstram que a escolha do material, da estratégia e técnica de reforço são fatores decisivos para aliar o melhor aproveitamento dos materiais empregados e o atendimento às exigências de projeto. Conclui-se ainda que a associação de fibras de aço de diferentes comprimentos possibilita a utilização do concreto reforçado com fibras no reforço de pilares de concreto, tendo como grande virtude a facilidade de execução, se comparado com o concreto armado. / Tradicionally the strengthening of reinforced concrete columns uses materials well known, such as steel plates, the reinforced concrete, and, more recently, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). But there are still some problems associated with these materials, or more specifically, with the used techniques, specially the difficulty of implementation, brittle behavior and loss free space due to the increase of the original cross section of the column. On the other hand, the materials technology development and the constant innovation has resulted in the provision of a wide variety of materials with specifics caracteristics to solving a particular problem. For example, steel fiber reinforced concrete, originally developed for use in elements subject to bending, but it has some attributes, which if are well explored, are desirable for use in strengthening columns. This work presents the development of strategies and techniques that optimize the o use all the attributes offered by the commonly used materials, and develop a different lengths steel fiber reinforced concrete to enable its application on columns strengthening. The results of experimental analysis show that the choice of material, strategy and technique of strengtheningt is a key factor to combine the best use of the materials used and the design requirements. It is also concluded that the combination of steel fibers of different lengths allows the use of steel fibers reinforced concrete on the strengthening of concrete columns, with the great virtue of the ease of implementation, compared to the reinforced concrete.

Tradicionalmente no reforço de pilares de concreto armado são empregados materiais já consagrados, como as chapas de aço, o próprio concreto armado, e, mais recentemente, o polímero reforçado com fibras (PRF). Porém existem ainda alguns problemas associados a estes materiais ou, mais especificamente, às técnicas utilizadas para promover o reforço, destacando-se a dificuldade de execução, comportamento frágil e perda de área útil em função do aumento da seção transversal do pilar original. Por outro lado, o desenvolvimento da tecnologia dos materias e a constante inovação tecnológica tem como resultado a oferta de uma grande variedade de materiais com características orientadas à solução de um determinado problema. Cita-se como exemplo o concreto reforçado com fibras de aço, inicialmente desenvolvido para aplicação em elementos submetidos à flexão, mas que apresenta atributos, que se bem explorados, são desejáveis para aplicação no reforço de pilares. Busca-se neste trabalho desenvolver estratégias e técnicas de reforço que busquem potencializar o aproveitamento de todos os atributos oferecidos pelos materiais comumente empregados e desenvolver um concreto reforçado com fibras de aço com diferentes comprimentos que possibilite sua aplicação no reforço de pilares. Os resultados da análise experimental demonstram que a escolha do material, da estratégia e técnica de reforço são fatores decisivos para aliar o melhor aproveitamento dos materiais empregados e o atendimento às exigências de projeto. Conclui-se ainda que a associação de fibras de aço de diferentes comprimentos possibilita a utilização do concreto reforçado com fibras no reforço de pilares de concreto, tendo como grande virtude a facilidade de execução, se comparado com o concreto armado. / Tradicionally the strengthening of reinforced concrete columns uses materials well known, such as steel plates, the reinforced concrete, and, more recently, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). But there are still some problems associated with these materials, or more specifically, with the used techniques, specially the difficulty of implementation, brittle behavior and loss free space due to the increase of the original cross section of the column. On the other hand, the materials technology development and the constant innovation has resulted in the provision of a wide variety of materials with specifics caracteristics to solving a particular problem. For example, steel fiber reinforced concrete, originally developed for use in elements subject to bending, but it has some attributes, which if are well explored, are desirable for use in strengthening columns. This work presents the development of strategies and techniques that optimize the o use all the attributes offered by the commonly used materials, and develop a different lengths steel fiber reinforced concrete to enable its application on columns strengthening. The results of experimental analysis show that the choice of material, strategy and technique of strengtheningt is a key factor to combine the best use of the materials used and the design requirements. It is also concluded that the combination of steel fibers of different lengths allows the use of steel fibers reinforced concrete on the strengthening of concrete columns, with the great virtue of the ease of implementation, compared to the reinforced concrete.

The thesis focuces on project documentation for a construction project with the aim to design home for children under institutional care. Located on the outskirts of Skuteč, the building is three-storey, detached and partially basemented. The basement area lays on the slab foundations and the first floor on strip foundations. Vertical structures are made of ceramic blocks and local reinforced concrete columns while horizontal structures are made of reinforced concrete slabs and wooden trusses over the gym. The building is covered by a vegetated flat roof. The building houses six residential units for six family groups with a total capacity of 43 children. The basement includes gym and fitness with technical facilities. The first floor consists of three residential units, changing rooms for the gym and kitchen with facilities. The second floor houses remaining three residential units, offices and the refectory. The upper floor is used for children´s education and entertainment.

The content of the master´s thesis is new building sports hall of ball sports. This building has contains no cellar and three above-ground floors. In ground floor, there are playing area, changing rooms, relevant functional facilities including utility rooms. The first floor is completely reserved for spectators, there are tribune for sitting spectators, gallery for standing spectators, hygienic rooms and buffet for spectators. In the third floor, there are rooms for VIP spectators, briefing room, head office of sports hall including conference room, spaces for TV transmission, hygienic rooms and utility room. Object is based on concrete foundation pads and strips foundation. Structural system of the object is combination of column system from cast-inplace reinforced concrete and wall system from brickwork. Floor structures over above the first and second floor are designed as castin- place reinforced concrete, floor structure above the third floor is folded from wood beams. Loadbearing structure of roof is system of glue laminated timber girders, roof cladding is mechanically anchored.

The project addresses the design documentation of a residential building. It is a detached house. The building has one basement and three floors. Residential house is a basement with a flat roof. The structural system consists of reinforced concrete columns and reinforced concrete ceiling. Perimeter and interior masonry infill masonry infill is composed of blocks YTONG. The roof is a single casing. The construction is based on the foundation footings and passports.

Aujourd’hui, la technologie du béton ayant fortement évolué, il est, sous certaines conditions, réaliste de construire des éléments structuraux en béton ayant à la compression une résistance de 90N/mm² voire nettement plus. En conséquence, l’ingénieur concepteur peut être amené dans le cadre du dimensionnement des colonnes à en diminuer les dimensions transversales pour des raisons esthétiques ou d’encombrement. <p><p>Inévitablement, cette diminution de la section transversale induit une augmentation de l’élancement et augmente ainsi les risques des instabilités de flambement. <p>A cette question de flambement, il faut adjoindre l’influence d’une préconception qui veut qu’une structure en béton à haute résistance soit moins ductile qu’une structure construite avec un béton normal !De ceci résulte la question à la base de ce travail :<p><p>« Peut-on arriver à diminuer la section transversale d’une colonne en utilisant des résistances de béton plus élevées tout en imposant la même valeur de capacité portante et en ne réduisant pas leur ductilité ?»<p><p>Afin de répondre à cette question, le travail s’est articulé autour de deux axes essentiels qui sont d’une part une campagne d’essais (afin d’obtenir des résultats fiables) sur 12 colonnes en béton armé à haute résistance (90N/mm²) d’élancement 74 et 82 dont l’excentricité de la charge est une variable, et d’autre part l’implémen- tation de deux programmes informa- tiques utilisant le principe de l’analyse au second ordre en vue de réaliser une étude paramétrique dont l’excentricité, la hauteur des colonnes, la proportion d’acier, la résistance du béton sont les variables.<p><p>Trop souvent encore, les ingénieurs de bureau d’études hésitent à effectuer un calcul au second ordre et placés devant la question des dimensions de section à donner à une colonne de hauteur et de capacité portante imposées, déterminent celles-ci pour se satisfaire d’un calcul au 1er ordre. Au terme de notre étude, nous avons montré que cette approche est loin d’être optimale, qu’il est possible, au prix d’un calcul au second ordre (mais il est fait à l’ordinateur), de tirer profit d’une augmentation de la résistance du béton pour réduire les dimensions des sections et aboutir en toute sécurité à un dimensionnement plus économique en consommation de matériaux (acier, béton, ciment).<p><p> / Doctorat en sciences appliquées / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The object of this master’s thesis is a newly-built mixed-use building in the town of Uherské Hradiště. It includes parking and office spaces, retail shops, and a coffee shop. The building is situated in a mildly sloping terrain near the town centre. It is a three-storey detached building with partial basement. The floor plan was created by joining several different-sized rectangles together. The mixed-use building is based on foundation pads and slabs. It is roofed with a warm flat roof and, above the first floor, with a green roof. The building consists of a cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame with columns and beams. The floor structure is composed of prestressed hollow core slabs. The external wall of the above-ground floors is made of hollow clay blocks and the basement external wall is made of permanent formwork. The wall of the lift shaft is built from reinforced concrete and the staircase is composed of precast reinforced concrete slabs. The external walls are insulated with contact thermal insulation system and in some parts there is timber cladding – ventilated façade with thermal insulation from glass wool. The thermal insulation of the basement and of the plinth is made of extruded polystyrene. The object is divided into several functional zones. On the ground floor there is a coffee shop, a copy shop, a stationery shop, and a bakery. On the first and second floors there are office spaces. In the basement there are technical facilities only. The main entrance of the object is from the northwest part of the plot. There the entrance to the car park is also located, situated to the northwest and southwest side of the plot. Bicycle stands and a place for recycling is also located there. Around the object there is a pavement from which there is wheelchair access to all of the functional zones.