<p>The relationship between increased productivity and improved standard of living is not a questioned statement on the global level, but does productivity growth necessarily lead to higher standard of living on the national level? Supported by empirical results it is suggested that a high relative productivity growth should not always be worth striving for, since it translates into decreased welfare, in terms of deteriorated terms of trade. This study attempts to examine the impact of relative productivity on the terms of trade in the OECD-countries and in Sweden, with an error-correction model. Further is an extension of the purpose made in order to estimate the impact of increased relative productivity growth on the welfare. The results suggest that the method for measuring productivity has a great impact on the findings, but concludes that a 1% higher relative labour productivity growth is associated with a 0.23% decline in the terms of trade.</p>

The relationship between increased productivity and improved standard of living is not a questioned statement on the global level, but does productivity growth necessarily lead to higher standard of living on the national level? Supported by empirical results it is suggested that a high relative productivity growth should not always be worth striving for, since it translates into decreased welfare, in terms of deteriorated terms of trade. This study attempts to examine the impact of relative productivity on the terms of trade in the OECD-countries and in Sweden, with an error-correction model. Further is an extension of the purpose made in order to estimate the impact of increased relative productivity growth on the welfare. The results suggest that the method for measuring productivity has a great impact on the findings, but concludes that a 1% higher relative labour productivity growth is associated with a 0.23% decline in the terms of trade.

中國在世界貿易舞台上所扮演的角色日益重要，人民幣的均衡水準成為十分熱門的議題。本文為貿易財與非貿易財部門的相對生產力找尋新的代理變數來檢視Balassa-Samuelson效果，以解決中國物價指數因受政府控制而難以反映實際生產力的問題。此外，亦將對人民幣匯率的預期引進實證模型中，以量化分析來探討人民幣是否具有自我實現的行為。本文實證結果顯示人民幣均衡匯率與相對生產力、貿易開放程度、熱錢數目間有長期關係。貿易財與非貿易財相對生產力與熱錢數目的上升可能帶動人民幣升值；貿易開放程度則與均衡匯率呈反向關係。 / As China plays an important role in the world economy, the research on the real exchange rate in China has received a lot of attention. This study chiefly contributes to adopt a more reliable proxy different from previous studies to capture the Balassa-Samuelson effect; in addition, we formerly introduce the expectation of Renminbi into the empirical model. This paper empirically investigates the behavior of the real exchange rate in China during the period from 1980 to 2005. Particularly, we provide a single-equation in an empirical framework which takes the specific features and characteristics in China economy into account. The empirical evidence shows that the degree of openness, the volume of hot money, and the relative productivity of traded to nontraded sectors are key factors to the determination of the long-run equilibrium real exchange rate in China. Both the increases in the relative productivity and an anticipated appreciation in the real exchange rate eventually may lead to a real appreciation in the currency. In contrast, the influence for opening up to the world economy is that the real exchange rate may depreciate.

Submitted by Miguel R. Amorim Neto (miguel@sibi.ufrj.br) on 2016-03-24T22:22:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 miguel.pdf: 4943130 bytes, checksum: 244096b1a54936c3f375faf419cf8fb9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-24T22:22:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 miguel.pdf: 4943130 bytes, checksum: 244096b1a54936c3f375faf419cf8fb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-18 / REUNI (MEC) / Investigação analítico-quali/quantitativa detectando o domínio de Organização do Conhecimento (OC) frente à produção brasileira de artigos de periódicos de Ciência da Informação a partir de levantamentos realizados na Base de Dados Referencial de Artigos de Periódico em Ciência da Informação. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é analisar comparativamente a ocorrência numérica absoluta e relativa de artigos de periódicos brasileiros da área de CI sobre a temática Organização do Conhecimento cobertos na base BRAPCI de 1972 a 2012 através de recortes temático-conceituais. Apresenta conceituações para a compreensão da Organização do Conhecimento, a partir da abordagem da Análise de Domínio de Hjørland e Albrechtsen (1995), a qual permitiu que fossem identificados os conceitos pertencentes da OC. Para atender aos objetivos de pesquisa, utilizaram-se técnicas quantitativas de avaliação da produção científica como método de análise dos dados recuperados na BRAPCI e análise qualitativa dos resultados. Estas sinalizaram que o Domínio de OC está em expansão no Brasil ao contrário do cenário internacional. / Investigation qualitative and quantitative analysis detecting the domain of Knowledge Organization front of the whole area of information science from surveys conducted in Referential Database Journal Articles in Information Science. The objective of the research is to analyze the occurrence numerical absolute and relative articles of Brazilian journals of information science on the topic covered in the Knowledge Organization based BRAPCI 1972-2012 through conceptual-themed cutouts. Presents concepts for understanding the Organization of Knowledge, from the approach of Domain Analysis of Hjørland and Albrechtsen (1995), which allowed them to be identified concepts of belonging OC. To meet the research objectives, we used quantitative techniques for assessing the scientific literature as a method of analyzing the data retrieved in BRAPCI and qualitative analysis. This signaled that the domain OC is expanding in Brazil unlike the international scene.