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The purpose of this research study was to compare the treatment effects of relaxation therapy and the tranquilizing agent Chlordiazepoxide (Librium). The subjects were 37 hospitalized alcoholics who had been identified as anxious. Elevations of scales two and seven of the MMPI was used as a criterion of anxiety. Thirteen subjects were given Librium, 12 were given a placebo, 12 were given nine sessions of relaxation therapy. Although the results did not indicate significant differences among the three groups, the relaxation group showed the least amount of anxiety at post-testing. It was concluded that relaxation therapy was equal to drug therapy in effectiveness and thus more desirable due to the lack of undesirable side effects. Suggestions for further research were given.

Cette thèse présente des travaux dans 5 domaines où nous cherchons à améliorer ou étendre vers des cas dissipatifs la méthode TDLDA (Time Dependent Local Density Approximation). - La propagation en base naturelle permet avant tout de formaliser des techniques indispensables à la mise en oeuvre des méthodes prenant en compte les collisions. - La méthode SIC (Self Interaction Correction) dynamique améliore l'efficacité de la mise en oeuvre de la correction d'auto-interaction complète. Elle permet l'utilisation efficace de cette méthode dans des conditions compliquées comme les systèmes mixtes de molécules métalliques et covalentes. - La méthode TDCDFT (Time Dependent Current and Density Functional Theory) prend en compte un effet retard par l'introduction d'une fonctionnelle de la densité et du courant. Elle a pu être mise en oeuvre en 3 dimensions sur des petits atomes ou clusters. Les résultats ont confirmé l'amortissement déjà constaté dans des études existantes, mais la TDCDFT ne prédit pas correctement la dépendance non-linéaire de l'amortissement en fonction de l'intensité de l'excitation. - La méthode STDHF (Stochastic Time-Dependent Hartree Fock) introduit la corrélation par une méthode de sauts stochastiques, dans des parcours temporels successifs. Cette méthode a été modifiée (sous le nom Average Stochastic TDHF) pour n'utiliser qu'un seul champ moyen, les sauts étant alors introduits sous la forme de probabilités de transition, qui permettent de modifier les nombres d'occupation. Sous cette forme elle ne peut fonctionner que dans une boite de calcul fermée. Nous montrons ici son adaptation à une boite de calcul ouverte. - La méthode RTA (Relaxation Time Approximation) a été développée dans un modèle à deux dimensions. On montre ici son extension à 3 dimensions. L'ampleur de l'effort numérique impose l'introduction de nouvelles méthodes d'optimisation. Par contre les résultats confirment les tendances observée en 2D. Cette méthode permet aussi de calculer de nouvelles molécules. / This thesis presents works in 5 areas where we aim at improving or extending toward dissipative cases the TDLDA (Time Dependent Local Density Approximation) method. - The propagation in a natural basis allows first to formalize technics which are a prerequisite to the operation of methods accounting for collisions. - The SIC (Self Interaction Correction) method improves the efficiency of the full Self Interaction Correction. It allows to use efficiently this method in complex conditions such as mixed systems of metallic and covalent molecules. - The TDCDFT (Time Dependent Current and Density Functional Theory) allows to consider some time delay effects by introducing a functional of time and current. It was extended to a 3 dimensional case on little atoms and clusters. The results confirm the damping already evidenced in previous works, but TDCDFT does not predict correctly the non-linear dependence of the damping versus the excitation energy. - The TDHF((Stochastic Time-Dependent Hartree Fock) method introduces correlation by a method of stochastics jumps, in separate time-histories. This method has been modified (Average Stochastic TDHF) to use only one mean field, the jumps are then accounted for by transition probabilities, which allow to modify the occupation numbers. In this form it can work only in a closed box. We show here its extension to an open calculation space. - The RTA (Relaxation Time Approximation) was developed in a 2 dimension model. We show here the extension of this method to 3 dimensions. The amplitude of the numerical method leads to the introduction of new optimization methods. But the results do confirm the tendencies observed in the 2 dimensional case. This method also allows calculation on new molecules.

A study was conducted to determine the relationship between three different methods of relaxation (listening to music, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), and a combination of music listening and PMR) and state anxiety reduction (as indicated by a feeling of reduced tension for the participant, measured on a self-rating scale). The study also examined the relationship between specific variables (age, sex, music training, music preferences, familiarity with music, degree of liking for music, knowledge of, and experience in, PMR, and learning style) and response to a relaxation method. The study involved forty male and female volunteers, ranging in age from 18 - 60 years. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups or a control group. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in the analysis of results. Results indicated that for the participants in this study, all methods were associated with a decrease in state anxiety, the combined methods being no more effective in achieving reduced tension levels than the independent methods. However, a significant difference was achieved between the PMR group and the control group, with the mean decrease in tension level for the PMR group higher on average than that of the control group. There was also no significant difference observed between the relaxation sessions and the controlled opportunity for social interaction, attended by all participants. Further, case studies indicated that response to relaxation methods is a highly individual one.

We study a generic minimization problem with separable non-convex piecewise linear costs, showing that the linear programming (LP) relaxation of three textbook mixed integer programming formulations each approximates the cost function by its lower convex envelope. We also show a relationship between this result and classical Lagrangian duality theory.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1980.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1978.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1980.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1974.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.