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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Sob o império do determinismo biológico”: raça, religião loucura e crime nas teses da “imponnenthissima basilica do ensino medico do Brasil” (1844-1928)

Almeida, Ronnie Jorge Tavares January 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Programa Pos-Graduação Estudos Etnicos Africanos (posafro@ufba.br) on 2013-12-09T13:47:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_RJTAlmeida.pdf: 3139393 bytes, checksum: b98fd7f5f97704bd895f43f991ff1661 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2017-08-14T18:38:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_RJTAlmeida.pdf: 3139393 bytes, checksum: b98fd7f5f97704bd895f43f991ff1661 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-14T18:38:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_RJTAlmeida.pdf: 3139393 bytes, checksum: b98fd7f5f97704bd895f43f991ff1661 (MD5) / Com o fim da escravidão e a criação da República brasileira, as autoridades, muitas das quais representadas por médicos, necessitaram relacionar-se com os novos cidadãos produzidos no âmbito das mudanças econômicas, sociais e políticas. No entanto, diversas questões se interpunham: como lidar com esse novo grupo de brasileiros libertos que perambulavam pelas ruas das grandes cidades em busca de oportunidades de vida, muitas vezes, colocando em xeque o próprio futuro do Brasil como nação civilizada? Como curar o cérebro frágil da maioria dos mestiços nacionais? Como conter o aumento da violência que, supostamente, estava fora de controle nos anos finais do século XIX e começo do XX? Os médicos do período supunham que a sociedade, e o próprio mundo social como um todo, experimentavam uma situação de anomia, sendo o crime identificado como a verdadeira doença a requerer tratamento. No entanto, defendiam uma pluralidade de remédios para tratar dos enfermos. Esta tese tem como objeto o tratamento dos temas raça, religião, loucura e crime por parte de algumas teses apresentadas à Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, entre os anos de 1844 e 1928, quando, no Brasil, era obrigatória a defesa de uma tese doutoral para concluir o curso superior. O seu principal objetivo é, pois, examinar os argumentos dos doutorandos baianos ao dissertarem sobre raça, religião, loucura e crime, temas de pesquisa que usualmente apareciam relacionados, mesmo quando os doutorandos tratavam de apenas um deles. Predominava a ideia, científica à época, de que uma raça inferior conduzia, necessariamente, a um determinado tipo de crença religiosa que, por sua vez, direcionava o crente para o mundo da loucura e do crime. Dessa forma, a religião se apresentava como foco privilegiado da atenção médica, posto que possibilitava a verificação da inferioridade racial dos grupos estabelecidos no país. A capacidade de desenvolver (e manter) crenças concretas, supostamente, demonstrava o estágio de desenvolvimento social e mental de cada grupo. / Following the end of slavery and the creation of the Brazilian Republic, government officials, many of whom were physicians, were required to relate to the new citizens emerging from those economic, social and political changes. However, a number of issues intervened: How should they deal with this new group of freed Brazilians who were wandering along the streets in the large cities in search for their life opportunities, often calling into question the very future of Brazil as a civilized nation? How should they cure the weak brain of most mixed-race citizens? How should they contain the supposedly out-of-control increase in violence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? Physicians at the time assumed that the social world as a whole and society in particular were experiencing anomic events with crime being thus held as a true disease to be duly treated. The prescribed medicine for such a malady, however, varied enormously. This thesis focus on the way such themes as race, religion, madness and crime were approached in the theses submitted for approval at the Bahia College of Medicine (Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia) between 1844 and 1928, a period in which the presentation of a doctoral thesis was a graduation requirement in Brazil. It is therefore aimed at examining the supporting arguments used by the authors of those theses to approach race, religion, madness and crime, research themes that co-occurred even when such authors were dealing with just one of them. The idea, then considered as scientific, that was shown to prevail was that an inferior race was necessarily conducive to a certain kind of religious belief, which, in turn, led the believer into the world of madness and crime. Religion was thus seen as a privileged focus of medical attention, since it enabled the verification of the racial inferiority of the groups settled in the country. The ability to have (and cling to) concrete beliefs was assumed to show the social and mental stage of development of each group.

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