The double difference earthquake location algorithm, implemented in the program HYPODD, was used to relocate a data set of approximately 1000 earthquakes in the eastern Tennessee seismic zone (ETSZ), using a recently developed velocity model. The double difference algorithm is used to calculate accurate relative hypocenter locations by removing the effects of un-modeled velocity structure. The study examines the earthquake hypocenter relocations in an effort to resolve fault orientations and thereby gain insights into the tectonics of the seismic zone. The analysis involves visual comparison of three-dimensional perspective plots of the hypocenter relocations oriented according to focal mechanism nodal planes derived from events within several, dense clusters of earthquakes. The northwestern boundary of the seismic zone corresponds to the steep magnetic gradient of the New York-Alabama lineament. The double-difference relocations reinforced previous interpretations of a vertical boundary between seismic and relatively aseismic crust at that location. Areas at the northeastern and southwestern ends of the ETSZ exhibit northwest trending hypocenter alignments, which are perpendicular to the overall northeastern trend of the seismic zone. These alignments agree with focal mechanism nodal plane orientations and are interpreted as seismogenic faults. In the central, most seismically active portion of the ETSZ, relocations appear to indicate a diffuse zone of hypocenters that are west-striking and north-dipping. The orientation of this zone of earthquake hypocenters is consistent with an existing seismic reflection profile that images mid to upper crustal reflectors with apparent dips of approximately 35 degrees to the north. The interpreted fault planes are all consistent with an east-northeast oriented, sub-horizontal maximum regional compressive stress, consistent with findings in previous studies. / Master of Science

Background Global teams are considered an emerging topic in the international management literature. Empirical studies conducted in this field include studies on trust, communication, team relationships, conflicts over distance and leadership. Also, the topic of employee relocation has been extensively researched in the international management literature. Despite the fact that relocations in global teams occur in practices, both topics have yet to be researched together. This paper intends to fill this research gap and study both topics together. Aim This paper aims to investigate the consequences of employee relocation in global teams using a multi-stakeholder perspective. Methodology A qualitative study was conducted with eight individuals working in the same global company which operates in the financial services industry and is headquartered in London, UK. Out of the eight participants, five worked in the same global team. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to investigate the consequences of relocation in global teams from different perspectives. Findings A thematic analysis of the data revealed four main categories of relocation consequences that are acknowledged across the different stakeholders interviewed for this study: work redistribution, resource management, vulnerable team relationships and shift in communication. Despite a common acknowledgement of the consequences, the study showed that discrepancies between the stakeholders’ views on the consequences affected the way the team handled them. By contextualizing the results around a role, the multi-stakeholder perspective exposed different scopes of awareness on the impacts of the relocation consequences. This inferred that individuals showed a certain level of subjectivity influencing their scope of awareness on the impacts of the consequences of relocations.

This paper will analyze the market reactions to news announcements of a corporate headquarter relocations for 76 firms through the time period of 1984 to 2012. Previous literature has identified that the market interprets capital expenditure decisions and acts on these interpretations, which can be found in the changes of the price of a security. The study uses an event-study methodology as well as a multiple-regression model to examine the contextual factors that play a role in influencing the corporate headquarter relocation decision. For the event-study, the event windows being used are two-day (-1,1), four-day (-2,2), fourteen-day (- 7,7), and two nineteen-day (-14,5 and -5,14) periods. The multiple regression model tests the relationship between the Average Cumulative Abnormal Returns over the event period three days prior to and after the day of the announcement (-3,3) against a number of other contextual variables.

A possibilidade de que a existência de um time de futebol em uma determinada localidade tenha a capacidade de atrair investimentos econômicos e melhorar o desempenho da economia, vem sendo o argumento de governantes e dirigentes que defendem o apoio financeiro às equipes. Com base em alegações como esta, a partir do ano de 2010, algumas equipes de futebol do Brasil deram início a um movimento de realocação espacial, fenômeno recente que teve como pano de fundo motivacional o fator econômico, sendo oferecido a estas equipes incentivos por meio de subsídios públicos ou cessão de administração e exploração econômica, por vezes gratuita de equipamentos esportivos públicos. Partindo da hipótese de que existam impactos positivos na economia de uma localidade em razão da atividade futebolística, e também, de que a população local primeiro desejava uma equipe de futebol no município apoiando, portanto os investimentos do poder público na equipe, hipóteses estas que tiveram por base a bibliografia nacional existente e também por meio de conversas com atores que estão envolvidos no processo. Buscou-se investigar se ocorrem impactos econômicos positivos para um município em virtude da existência de um time de futebol e qual a percepção que os atores envolvidos no processo têm em relação a este impacto. Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória que tomou por respondentes de 290 questionários estruturados, como amostra da população de um município do Sul de Minas Gerais, 54 comerciantes do setor de serviços e ainda uma amostra com 1100 frequentadores dos jogos de futebol que ocorreram ao longo do ano de 2013 nesse mesmo município. A análise quantitativa demonstrou que o investimento realizado pelo poder público para manter a equipe, em relação à capacidade de geração de recursos por parte desse time de futebol não se mostrou compensatória para a municipalidade do ponto de vista econômico, quando se faz a relação de custo benefício, que é o que se vai discutir. A pesquisa exploratória também demonstrou que os atores envolvidos na interação: futebol, financiamento público de times e retorno econômico possuem uma ideia objetivada da relação de impactos positivos e ganhos para a coletividade, o que vai sendo desconstruído quando são aprofundadas questões que tratam da realidade e do cotidiano desses atores, isto por meio de perguntas específicas que pudessem ser relacionadas com os impactos econômicos pretendidos. / The possibility of the existence of a football team in a particular locality has the ability to attract economic investment and improve the performance of the economy, has been the argument of rulers and leaders who advocate financial support to the teams. Based on allegations like this, from the year 2010, some soccer teams in Brazil began a movement space reallocation recent phenomenon had as background the economic motivational factor, these incentives being offered to teams through public subsidies or transfer of administration and economic exploitation, sometimes free public sports equipment. Assuming that there are positive impacts on the economy of a locality by reason of soccer activities, and also, that the local people first wanted a football team in the county, thus supporting the investments of public power in the team, that these assumptions were based on existing national literature and also through conversations with actors who are involved in the process. We sought to investigate whether positive economic impacts occur to a municipality by virtue of the existence of a football team and the perception that the actors involved in the process have regarding this impact. An exploratory research that took 290 respondents by structured questionnaires, as a sample of the population of a municipality in southern of Minas Gerais state brazilian, 54 merchants of the service sector and even a sample with 1100 goers football matches that took place throughout the year was held 2013 in that county. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that the investment made by the government to keep the team in relation to the capacity to generate resources by this football team was not compensatory for the municipality's economic point of view, when it is both cost benefit, which is what we will discuss. Exploratory research has also demonstrated that the actors involved in the interaction football, public finance and economic return teams have an objectified view of the relationship of positive impacts and benefits for the community, which is being deconstructed depth issues when dealing with reality and the daily lives of these actors, by means of specific questions that could be related to the expected economic impacts.

In the modern industrialized society, a long commuting time is becoming more and more common. However, commuting results in a number of different costs, for example, external costs such as congestion and pollution as well as internal costs such as individual time consumption. On the other hand, increased commuting opportunities offer welfare gains, for example via larger local labor markets. The length of the commute that is acceptable to the workers is determined by the workers' preferences and the compensation opportunities in the labor market. In this thesis the value of travel time or commuting time changes, has been empirically analyzed in four self-contained essays. First, a large set of register data on the Swedish labor market is used to analyze the commuting time changes that follow residential relocations and job relocations. The average commuting time is longer after relocation than before, regardless of the type of relocation. The commuting time change after relocation is found to differ substantially with socio-economic characteristics and these effects also depend on where the distribution of commuting time changes is evaluated. The same data set is used in the second essay to estimate the value of commuting time (VOCT). Here, VOCT is estimated as the trade-off between wage and commuting time, based on the effects wage and commuting time have on the probability of changing jobs. The estimated VOCT is found to be relatively large, in fact about 1.8 times the net wage rate. In the third essay, the VOCT is estimated on a different type of data, namely data from a stated preference survey. Spouses of two-earner households are asked to individually make trade-offs between commuting time and wage. The subjects are making choices both with regard to their own commuting time and wage only, as well as when both their own commuting time and wage and their spouse's commuting time and wage are simultaneously changed. The results show relatively high VOCT compared to other studies. Also, there is a tendency for both spouses to value the commuting time of the wife highest. Finally, the presence of hypothetical bias in a value of time experiment without scheduling constraints is tested. The results show a positive but not significant hypothetical bias. By taking preference certainty into account, positive hypothetical bias is found for the non-certain subjects.