Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T19:48:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexFA_ate_Cap4.pdf: 3915510 bytes, checksum: 709e53f554fdeeeefb4020512e95ef8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-07-26 / The Xar?u Oil Field, located in the center-southern portion of the Munda? Sub-Basin (eastern portion of the Cear? Basin), is characterized by a main Iramework of NW-trending and NE-dipping faults. The faults in the Xar?u Oil Field, among which the Xar?u Fautt stands out, are arranged according to an extensional-listriclan, rooted on a detachment surface corresponding to the Munda? Fault, the border fautt of Munda? Sub-Basin. During the tectonic-structural evolution of the Xar?u Oil Field and the Munda? Sub-Basin, the Munda? Fault played a crucial role on the control of the geometry of both compartments. The main carbonatic unit in the Xar?u Oil Field, named the Trair? Member(Paracuru Formation of Late Aptian to Early Albian age), contains the largest oil volume in the field, concentrated in structurally-controlled accumulations. The Trair? Member is composed by a variety of carbonatic rocks (massive, bedded or laminated calcilutites, ostracodites, calcarenites and carbonatic rudites, all of them presenting variable degrees of dolomitization). The carbonatic rocks are interbedded into thick packages of black shales and marls, besides local beds of siliciclastic conglomerates, sandstones, siltnes and argillites. From the spatial association and the genetic relationships between the carbonatic and siliciclastic units, it is possible to group them in three lithofacies associations (Marginal Plain, Ramp and Lacustrine Interior) that, together, were developed in a lacustrine system associated to a marginal sabkha. Structural studies based on drill coresthat sample the Trair? Member in the Xar?u Oil Field allowed to characterize two generations of meso- to microscale structures: the D1 group presents a typical hydroplastic character, being characterized by intra/interstratal to oblique-bedding shear zones. The hydroplastic character related to these structures allowed to infer their development at an early-lithilication stage of the Trair? Member, leading to infer an Early Cretaceous age to them. The second group of structures identified in the drill cores, nominated D2 and ascribed to a Neogene age, presents a strictly brttle character, being typilied by normal faults and slickenfibers of re-crystallized clayminerals, ali olthem displaying variable orientations. Although the present faults in the Xar?u Oil Field (and, consequently, in the Munda? Sub-Basin) were classically relerred as struetures of essentially normal displacement, the kinematics analysis of the meso-to microscaie D1 struetures in the drill cores led to deline oblique displacements (normal with a clockwise strike-slip component) to these faults, indicating a main tectonic transport to ENE. These oblique movements would be responsible for the installation of a transtensive context in the Munda? Sub-Basin, as part of the transcurrent to translormant opening of the Atlantic Equatorial Margin. The balancing of four struetural cross-sections ofthe Xar?u Oil Field indicates that the Munda? Fault was responsible for more than 50% of the total stretching (? factor) registered during the Early Aptian. At the initial stages of the "rifting", during Early Aptianuntil the Holocene, the Munda? Sub-Basin (and consequently the Xar?u Oil Fleld) accumulated a total stretching between 1.21 and 1.23; in other words, the crust in this segment of the Atlantic Equatorial Margin was subjeeted to an elongation of about 20%. From estimates of oblique displacements related to the faults, it ws possible to construct diagrams that allow the determination of stretching factors related to these displacements. Using these diagrams and assuming the sense 01 dominant teetonictransport towards ENE, it was possible to calculate the real stretching lactors related to the oblique movement 0 of the faults in the Munda? Sub-Basin. which reached actual values between 1.28 and 1.42. ln addnion to the tectonic-structural studies in the Xar?u Oil Field, the interpretation of remote sensing products, coupled wnh characterization of terrain analogues in seleeted areas along the northern Cear? State (continental margins of the Cear? and Potiguar basins), provided addnional data and constraints about the teetonic-structural evolution of the oil lield. The work at the analogue sites was particularly effective in the recognition and mapping, in semidetail scale, several generations of struetures originated under a brittle regime. Ali the obtained information (from the Xar?u Oil Field, the remote sensor data and the terrain analogues) were jointly interpreted, culminating with the proposnion of an evolutionary model lor this segment of the Atlantic Equatorial Margin; this model that can be applied to the whole Margin, as well. This segmentof the Atlantic Equatorial Margin was delormedin an early E-W (when considered lhe present-day position of the South American Plate) transcurrent to transform regime with dextral kinematics, started Irom, at least, the Early Aptian, which left its record in several outcrops along the continental margin of the Cear? State and specilically in the Xar?u off Field. The continuous operation of the regime, through the Albian and later periods, led to the definitive separation between the South American and African plates, with the formation of oceanic lithosphere between the two continental blocks, due to the emplacement off spreading centers. This process involved the subsequent transition of the transcurrent to a translorm dextral regime, creating lhe Equatorial Atlantic Oceano With the separation between the South American and African plates already completed and the increasing separation between lhe continental masses, other tecton ic mechanisms began to act during the Cenozoic (even though the Cretaceous tectonic regime lasted until the Neogene), like an E-W compressive stress l?eld (related to the spreading olthe oceanic floor along lhe M id-Atlantic Ridge and to the compression of the Andean Chain) effective Irom the Late Cretaceous, and a state of general extension olthe horizontal surface (due to the thermal uplift ofthe central portion of Borborema Province), effective during the Neogene. The overlap of these mechanisms during the Cenozoic led to the imprint of a complex tectonic framework, which apparently influenced the migration and entrapment 01 hydrocarbon in the Cear? Basin

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCELINOAVM_DISSERT - Capa ate p 05.pdf: 803100 bytes, checksum: 5ed734adcdb85080187dde61614f1f27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-29 / The main objective of the present thesis was the seismic interpretation and seismic attribute analysis of the 3D seismic data from the Siririzinho high, located in the Sergipe Sub-basin (southern portion of Sergipe-Alagoas Basin). This study has enabled a better understanding of the stratigraphy and structure that the Siririzinho high experienced during its development. In a first analysis, we used two types of filters: the dip-steered median filter, was used to remove random noise and increase the lateral continuity of reflections, and fault-enhancement filter was applied to enhance the reflection discontinuities. After this filtering step similarity and curvature attributes were applied in order to identify and enhance the distribution of faults and fractures. The use of attributes and filtering greatly contributed to the identification and enhancement of continuity of faults. Besides the application of typical attributes (similarity and curvature) neural network and fingerprint techniques were also used, which generate meta-attributes, also aiming to highlight the faults; however, the results were not satisfactory. In a subsequent step, well log and seismic data analysis were performed, which allowed the understanding of the distribution and arrangement of sequences that occur in the Siririzinho high, as well as an understanding of how these units are affected by main structures in the region. The Siririzinho high comprises an elongated structure elongated in the NS direction, capped by four seismo-sequences (informally named, from bottom to top, the sequences I to IV, plus the top of the basement). It was possible to recognize the main NS-oriented faults, which especially affect the sequences I and II, and faults oriented NE-SW, that reach the younger sequences, III and IV. Finally, with the interpretation of seismic horizons corresponding to each of these sequences, it was possible to define a better understanding of geometry, deposition and structural relations in the area. / A presente disserta??o tem como objetivo principal a interpreta??o s?smica e an?lise de atributos s?smicos do alto de Sirizinho, localizado na Sub-bacia de Sergipe (por??o sul da Bacia Sergipe-Alagoas). Tal estudo possibilitou um melhor entendimento da estratigrafia e estrutura??o que o alto experimentou durante o seu desenvolvimento. Em uma primeira an?lise, foram utilizados dois tipos de filtros, sendo o dip-steered median filter, com a finalidade de retirar os ru?dos aleat?rios e aumentar a continuidade lateral das reflex?es, e o fault-enhancement filter para real?ar as descontinuidades das reflex?es. Ap?s esta etapa de filtragem foram aplicados os atributos de similaridade e curvatura, para se identificar a distribui??o das falhas. O uso dos atributos e filtragens colaborou fortemente para a identifica??o e o realce da continuidade dos falhamentos. Al?m da aplica??o dos atributos t?picos (similaridade e curvatura) foram utilizadas as t?cnicas de redes neurais e fingerprint, que geram meta-atributos, tamb?m com o objetivo de real?ar os falhamentos. No entanto, os resultados obtidos n?o foram satisfat?rios. Em etapa subsequente com a avalia??o dos perfis geof?sicos e do dado s?smico, foi poss?vel realizar a interpreta??o sismoestrutural e sismoestratigr?fica que permitiram o entendimento da distribui??o e arranjo das sequ?ncias que capeiam o alto de Siririzinho, bem como da compreens?o de como estas unidades s?o afetadas pelas principais estruturas da regi?o. O alto de Siririzinho compreende uma estrutura d?mica alongada na dire??o N-S, capeada por quatro sismossequ?ncias (informalmente nomeadas, da base para o topo, de sequ?ncias I a IV, al?m do topo do embasamento). Foi poss?vel reconhecer falhamentos com orienta??o principal N-S, que afetam especialmente as sequ?ncias I e II, e falhamentos com orienta??o NE-SW que atingem as sequ?ncias mais jovens, III e IV. Por fim, com a interpreta??o dos horizontes s?smicos correspondentes a cada uma dessas sequ?ncias, foi poss?vel definir um melhor entendimento da geometria, deposi??o e das rela??es estruturais na ?rea estudada.