A series of five studies were conducted to examine the effect of exercise on selected pulmonary function measurements. Studies I and II determined the effect of an acute bout of exercise on various lung volumes immediately post-exercise and over a 24-hour post-exercise period. There were significant mean increases of 210 ml (20.6%) and 260 ml (20.8%) in the 5-minute post-exercise residual volume (RV) measurement for studies I and II, respectively. There also were significant mean increases of 170 ml (3.4%) and 190 ml (2.7%) in the 5-minute post-exercise total lung capacity (TLC) for studies I and II, respectively, while vital capacity (VC) remained unchanged. RV and TLC remained significantly increased over the pre-exercise values through 30 and 15 minutes of recovery, respectively. Studies III through V were undertaken to determine the physiological mechanism underlying the responses reported in studies I and II. In study III, transthoracic electrical impedance (TEI) was significantly decreased below the pre-exercise value through 30-minutes of recovery, indicating that there was an increase in thoracic fluid volume following exercise. However, TEI measurements alone cannot separate between intra- and extravascular fluid shifts. Therefore, studies IV and V attempted to identify whether the decrease in TEI and increase in RV reported in study III were due to intra- or extravascular fluid shifts. Study IV examined the TEI, RV, and TLC responses before and following exercise, as central blood volume (CBV) was experimentally increased via G-suit inflation, and decreased via venous occlusion tourniquets. The results suggest that RV is relatively insensitive to intravascular volume shifts within the thorax. Study V determined and followed the effect of an acute bout of exercise on lung diffusion capacity (D(,Lco)). D(,Lco)/V(,A) did not increase significantly following exercise, suggesting that the decrease in TEI following exercise is the result of extravascular fluid accumulation. It was concluded that a sub-clinical pulmonary edema occurs following exercise. A logical sequence of events based on the results of studies I through V was proposed as a possible explanation for the responses of RV and TLC following exercise.

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The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the variability of oxygen and carbon dioxide rate of change methods for measuring primary productivity and respiration in an aquatic environment.

The effects of X-irradiation at dosages of 40 r, 80 r, 160 r, 240 r, 320 r, 400 r, 800 r, 4 Kr, 8 Kr, and 16 Kr on the oxygen uptake of frog brain (Rana pipiens) tissue slices were studied. A membrane-covered oxygen electrode method was used to measure the respiratory rate. Continuous recordings were made before, during, and following X-irradiation in all of the test experiments. X-irradiation was delivered from a G. E. beryllium window X-ray unit at 120 KVP, 5 ma with a 1/4 mm Al filter.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Title: The influence of woman's masectomy on breathing movements Objectives: The aim of this work is to investigate influence of total mastectomy on range of breathing motion. We compare women after mastectomy and healthy women. The next goal is to investigate presence of asymetry these movements between surgical and nonsurgical side. We again compare results of women after mastectomy and healthy women. I would like to point to need of care for the scar, thanks to which we can minimize its negative effects. Methods: In our thesis we used optoelectronic kinematic analyzer Qualisys to measure range of motion of thoracic and abdominal wall during breathing. We made measurement during quiet and deep breathing. More facts about patient's condition we obtained through kinesiology examination. Results: We found out that total mastectomy have an effect on range of breathing motion in women after this operation. The surgery side show lower range of motion during breathing. It means that we found presence of asymmetry theses movements between surgical and nonsurgical side. The biggest asymmetry was present in third line (cca level of fifth rib). These findings we can see during quiet and deep breathing and prove our claim about the need of care for scar. Keywords: breathing movements, total mastectomy,...

High winter respiration has been observed in a subarctic estuary with high levels of organic matter inputs, while winter is generally thought to be a non-productive season. We constructed an oxygen and carbon budget of the system to validate the high respiration rate, including the resulting low production-to-respiration ratio, and to identify important carbon and energy sources. Measurement data of production and respiration parameters from running monitoring programs were used. Furthermore, we set up a microcosm experiment in order to study effects of iron increases by riverine organic matter inputs. The carbon balance of this subarctic estuary shows a small deficiency of carbon on an annual basis, but is able to explain how winter respiration is fueled by carbon fixed in the autumnal season and inputs of riverine material. Also, the balance calculation was able to predict oxygen deficiencies on a seasonal basis. The effect of riverine organic matter on biological activity was clearly present, but iron did not appear to affect responses in primary or secondary producers. Additional studies will be needed to fully understand the role of iron additions to marine microbial communities, particularly focusing on fractioning of iron and organic matter species.