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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Who Is Satisfied With Effort?: Individual Differences as Determinants of Satisfaction With Effort and Reward

Clay, Georgia, Dumitrescu, Carmen, Habenicht, Janina, Kmiecik, Isabel, Musetti, Marzia, Domachowska, Irena 11 June 2024 (has links)
The effort required to obtain certain rewards may influence the level of satisfaction with the following reward. Since people differ in beliefs about the availability of willpower resources required to pursue effortful actions, we investigated how willpower beliefs affect the perception of effort and satisfaction with reward. We hypothesized that people with limited willpower beliefs (i.e., believing that exerting effort leads to depletion of their inner resources) will perceive cognitive tasks as more effortful and will be less satisfied with the subsequent reward than those with non-limited beliefs (i.e., believing that exerting effort is invigorating rather than depleting). We tested this hypothesis by manipulating effort with different difficulty levels of the N-back task and measuring participants’ perception of effort expenditure and subjective satisfaction with a reward depending on their willpower beliefs. In accordance with the predictions, we found that those with limited willpower beliefs perceived the task as more effortful than those with non-limited willpower beliefs. Furthermore, when asked to subjectively rate their satisfaction with the reward gained for the task, limited believers rated their satisfaction lower than non-limited believers. These findings suggest that people take their willpower capacities into effort-satisfaction calculations. Results are discussed within the context of other models of effort, and practical implications of the findings are suggested.
2

新世代工作者之工作價值觀、期望報酬類型暨兩者相關因素與組織承諾之關係

徐增圓 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的有二,首先,探討新世代工作者與非新世代工作者在工作價值觀及期望的報酬類型上有何差異,其次,則進一步針對新世代工作者探討其個人與組織在工作價值觀上的契合程度以及對組織現行報酬狀況的滿意程度兩者與其組織承諾是否有關。   基本上,「新世代工作者」是新人類(於民國54年至64年間出生的一代)與新新人類(於民國64年以後出生的一代)中已在職者的合稱,而「非新世代工作者」則是泛指於民國54年以前出生的已在職者。參與本研究的受試為服務於大台北地區、且公司人數達百人以上之民營企業的新世代工作者230名與非新世代工作者160名,研究工具則包括「工作價值觀量表」、「期望報酬類型暨報酬滿意度量表」、「組織承諾量表」以及「個人基本資料」等四個量表。   研究結果發現:(一) 在目的性工作價值觀方面,新世代工作者較非新世代工作者重視內在酬賞,包括較重視工作是否符合個人興趣、能否帶來成就感與自我成長,而非新世代工作者則較新世代工作者重視集體利益,也就是較為重視工作在服務社會以及國家民族發展上的影響。 (二)在手段性工作價值觀方面,非新世代工作者普遍較新世代工作者重視能力與理智、寬容雅量以及尊重傳統等工作行為規範,且除了謹慎一項是新世代工作者較為重視外,其餘知恥、毅力、尊卑有序、寬容雅量、忠誠、謙虛、自我約束、尊重傳統以及節儉等均是非新世代工作者的重視程度高於新世代工作者。(三)在期望報酬類型方面,新世代工作者對直接財務性報酬與間接財務性報酬的重視(期望)程度高於非新世代工作者,且在40種不同的報酬類型中,非新世代工作者除了在「提供助手,協助處理工作上的事務」一項上的需要程度高於新世代工作者外,其餘在加薪、協助進行生涯規劃、充裕的工作經費、可以選擇自己感興趣的工作、短期績效工作獎金、提供進修與訓練機會、可自由的安排工作時間、各種補助津貼、提供國內(外)旅遊以及運動休閒設施等11項上,均是新世代工作者的需求程度較高。(四) 整體而言,新世代工作者個人與組織在工作價值觀上的契合程度、對組織現行報酬狀況的滿意程度分別與組織承諾間存有正相關,且其在內在非財務性報酬、直接財務性報酬上的滿意與否,以及在內在酬賞上的契合程度是預測其組織承諾時的重要變項。   最後,本研究根據研究所得的結果,討論研究結果的意義並對企業界、新世代工作者與後續研究提出一些建議。

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