Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Diversos pesquisadores têm estudado o comportamento e o emprego de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado em sistemas estruturais na engenharia civil que demonstrem viabilidade sob o ponto de vista técnico e econômico. Por esta razão, inúmeros trabalhos têm sido publicados nos últimos anos respaldados por testes experimentais e análises numéricas. Neste contexto, diversos tipos de sistemas estruturais de lajes nervuradas têm sido desenvolvidos. Assim sendo, o objetivo desta investigação é o de contribuir, no que tange ao estudo do comportamento estrutural estático e dinâmico de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado, tendo em mente o emprego destas em sistemas estruturais na engenharia civil. Este trabalho de pesquisa objetiva também o estudo da resposta dinâmica de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado, sob o ponto de vista de conforto humano, especialmente quando essas estruturas encontram-se submetidas a atividades humanas rítmicas. A definição das ações dinâmicas atuantes sobre os modelos estruturais foi feita com base em resultados experimentais, que consideram grupos de indivíduos desenvolvendo atividades rítmicas correspondentes à ginástica aeróbica (atividade sincronizada). São empregadas técnicas usuais de discretização, via método dos elementos finitos (MEF), por meio do programa de elementos finitos ANSYS. No presente modelo computacional, as vigas de bordo, nervuras e a laje de concreto armado são simuladas por elementos finitos de casca. Os resultados obtidos ao longo do estudo, em termos das acelerações de pico, são confrontados e comparados com os limites propostos por normas de projeto, sob o ponto de vista do conforto humano. Com base na análise dinâmica das lajes nervuradas investigadas foi possível verificar que as atividades humanas rítmicas podem vir a gerar valores de acelerações de pico elevados e que violam os critérios de conforto humano. Deste modo, foi observado que, as acelerações nos modelos estudados, podem atingir níveis elevados de vibração que comprometem o conforto dos usuários. / Several researchers have studied the use of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs in civil engineering structural systems that can be viable when the technical and economical point of view is considered. For this reason, a lot of papers were published in the last years based on the experimental and numerical analysis of this slab type. In this context, several slab systems were developed and the reinforced concrete ribbed slabs is present among them. This way, this dissertation investigated the static and dynamic structural behaviour of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs used in civil engineering structures. This research work investigated the dynamic response of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs when subjected to the human rhythmic activities, focusing human comfort criteria. The dynamic loads were obtained through experimental tests with individuals carrying out rhythmic activities corresponding to aerobics (stimulated activities). The computational models are developed based on usual mesh refinement techniques present in finite element method simulations (FEM), implemented in the ANSYS program. In this computational model the reinforced concrete ribbed slabs and beams are represented by shell elements. The numerical results, in terms of peak accelerations, are compared with recommended limits proposed by design codes, under the point of view of human comfort. The reinforced concrete ribbed slabs dynamic analysis indicated that the actions produced by human rhythmic activities could generate peak accelerations that surpass design criteria limits developed for ensuring human comfort. Hence it was observed that the acceleration in the models studied, can achieve high levels of vibration that compromise the comfort of users.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Diversos pesquisadores têm estudado o comportamento e o emprego de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado em sistemas estruturais na engenharia civil que demonstrem viabilidade sob o ponto de vista técnico e econômico. Por esta razão, inúmeros trabalhos têm sido publicados nos últimos anos respaldados por testes experimentais e análises numéricas. Neste contexto, diversos tipos de sistemas estruturais de lajes nervuradas têm sido desenvolvidos. Assim sendo, o objetivo desta investigação é o de contribuir, no que tange ao estudo do comportamento estrutural estático e dinâmico de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado, tendo em mente o emprego destas em sistemas estruturais na engenharia civil. Este trabalho de pesquisa objetiva também o estudo da resposta dinâmica de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado, sob o ponto de vista de conforto humano, especialmente quando essas estruturas encontram-se submetidas a atividades humanas rítmicas. A definição das ações dinâmicas atuantes sobre os modelos estruturais foi feita com base em resultados experimentais, que consideram grupos de indivíduos desenvolvendo atividades rítmicas correspondentes à ginástica aeróbica (atividade sincronizada). São empregadas técnicas usuais de discretização, via método dos elementos finitos (MEF), por meio do programa de elementos finitos ANSYS. No presente modelo computacional, as vigas de bordo, nervuras e a laje de concreto armado são simuladas por elementos finitos de casca. Os resultados obtidos ao longo do estudo, em termos das acelerações de pico, são confrontados e comparados com os limites propostos por normas de projeto, sob o ponto de vista do conforto humano. Com base na análise dinâmica das lajes nervuradas investigadas foi possível verificar que as atividades humanas rítmicas podem vir a gerar valores de acelerações de pico elevados e que violam os critérios de conforto humano. Deste modo, foi observado que, as acelerações nos modelos estudados, podem atingir níveis elevados de vibração que comprometem o conforto dos usuários. / Several researchers have studied the use of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs in civil engineering structural systems that can be viable when the technical and economical point of view is considered. For this reason, a lot of papers were published in the last years based on the experimental and numerical analysis of this slab type. In this context, several slab systems were developed and the reinforced concrete ribbed slabs is present among them. This way, this dissertation investigated the static and dynamic structural behaviour of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs used in civil engineering structures. This research work investigated the dynamic response of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs when subjected to the human rhythmic activities, focusing human comfort criteria. The dynamic loads were obtained through experimental tests with individuals carrying out rhythmic activities corresponding to aerobics (stimulated activities). The computational models are developed based on usual mesh refinement techniques present in finite element method simulations (FEM), implemented in the ANSYS program. In this computational model the reinforced concrete ribbed slabs and beams are represented by shell elements. The numerical results, in terms of peak accelerations, are compared with recommended limits proposed by design codes, under the point of view of human comfort. The reinforced concrete ribbed slabs dynamic analysis indicated that the actions produced by human rhythmic activities could generate peak accelerations that surpass design criteria limits developed for ensuring human comfort. Hence it was observed that the acceleration in the models studied, can achieve high levels of vibration that compromise the comfort of users.

Ribbed plates comprising cross-laminated timber slab, CLT, with glulam beams allow for increased span length compared to pure CLT slabs. At the moment the Eurocodes do not provide any recommendations to design a CLT plate or a ribbed plate. There are handbooks for designing ribbed plates. But are their methods the best suited? Should one use Eurocode’s gamma-method, Timoshenko, shear analogy method or maybe an FE-model? This is difficult to answer, but nevertheless important questions for a structural engineer today. This master thesis investigates some of the different design methods used today in a numerical study. The study compares analytical methods and FE-models by investigating different parameters, like span lengths 6 m, 12 m, and 18 m, or uniform load and point load. Furthermore, this thesis provides guidance and help to apply design methods for ribbed plates. The outcome of the study shows a tendency for the gamma-method and the extended gamma-method giving the lowest deflections and normal stresses in many situations. Thus, there could be a risk of underestimating these properties by using the gamma-method. On the other hand there were consistent results with the gamma-methods compared to Timoshenko- and shear analogy-method which showed more deviations from the extended gamma-method as reference. The Timoshenko-method showed anomalies with thicker CLT. In addition, an Abaqus model with 3D elements and RFEM models with 2D and 1D elements were applied. The Abaqus models gave in general higher deflections and consistent results. Concluding from this thesis the Abaqus model together with the extended gamma-method would complement each other most efficiently in the design process of ribbed plates.

Ce travail est consacré à la description macroscopique de deux types de plaques structurées contrastées dont le comportement dynamique est atypique : le premier cas correspond à une plaque raidie dans une direction par des raidisseurs régulièrement espacés, le second correspond au cas d’une plaque bi-raidie dans les deux directions par un treillis périodique de poutres. Les différents régimes de comportement sont spécifiés en fonction des paramètres mécaniques et géométriques des raidisseurs et de la plaque. Le comportement dynamique de ces plaques est établi en faisant émerger, par homogénéisation asymptotique, la description locale et globale. Le modèle est construit à partir des équations élasto-dynamiques tri-dimensionnelles du matériau combinées à des développements asymptotiques. Le travail se concentre sur des situations de résonance interne qui correspondent à des contrastes spécifiques entre les paramètres de la plaque et du raidisseur. L’analyse met clairement en évidence les cinématiques enrichies de la plaque et aboutit à un modèle analytique macroscopique qui inclut les mécanismes de torsion et de flexion. Dans le cas de la plaque mono-raidie, un modèle hybride fait intervenir des paramètres effectifs dont les expressions analytiques sont précisées. Ce modèle est analogue à un modèle de poutre et permet d’appréhender le comportement de la plaque en incluant la résonance interne. Ce modèle non conventionnel montre la coexistence de deux régimes dynamiques. Les caractéristiques de dispersion atypique associées aux ondes de flexion et de torsion proviennent de paramètres effectifs dépendants de la fréquence, comme la masse effective, l’inertie de rotation effective, et la rigidité de torsion effective associées à la plaque. Cette théorie est ensuite étendue au cas de la plaque bi-raidie, et conduit à un opérateur de type plaque non conventionnel incluant des paramètres effectifs. Ces résultats permettent d’examiner des courbes de dispersion atypiques en fonction des contrastes géométriques et mécaniques entre les différents composants. La validité des modèles et leur robustesse sont vérifiées en comparant les résultats analytiques à des simulations numériques de type éléments finis WFEM. Les comparaisons montrent que les mécanismes observables numériquement sont bien décrits par le modèle analytique proposé. Enfin, deux maquettes sont utilisées pour la validation expérimentale : une correspondant à une plaque mono-raidie comportant un contraste géométrique, et l’autre correspondant à la plaque bi-raidie impliquant des contrastes géométrique et mécanique. Les réponses mesurées par vibromètre laser sont traitées par corrélation d’onde IWC. Les mesures sont reproduites pour plusieurs conditions limites de plaques internes et différentes valeurs de masse ajoutées pour montrer la performance du modèle homogénéisé. Une très bonne corrélation apparaît entre les mesures expérimentales et les prédictions issues du modèle. Cette approche peut être utilisée pour décrire le comportement de panneaux raidis industriels et pour concevoir des structures ayant des propriétés spécifiques à certaines fréquences. / This work is devoted to the modeling of two types of contrasted structured plates that exhibit non-conventional dynamic behavior : the first one corresponds to periodic unidirectionally stiffened plates and the second one corresponds to orthogonally stiffened plates. The different regimes of behavior are specified, according to the mechanical and geometrical parameters of the beam and the plate. The dynamic behavior of such stiffened plates is established by up-scaling, through multi-scale asymptotic method, the linear local description of the plate and the stiffening beams coupled together. The behavior is derived from the three-dimensional elastodynamic laws of the materials combined with asymptotic expansions formulation. The study focuses on situations of inner resonance that corresponds to specific mechanical contrasts between the beam and plate parameters. The analysis clearly evidences the enriched kinematics of such plate and yields to a synthetic and analytic macroscopic representation that encompasses the flexural and torsional mechanisms, as well as guided waves. In the case of unidirectionally ribbed plates, an effective hybrid beam/plate model is obtained and the analytical expressions of effective parameters are specified. It results in a beam-like operator that provides a simple understanding of the behavior taking into account inner resonance. This atypical model accounts from the coexistence of two types of dynamic regimes. The unusual dispersion features of flexural and torsional waves arise from frequency dependent parameters, namely, the effective mass, the effective rotational inertia and the effective torsional spring rigidity associated with the plate. The theory is then extended to an orthogonally ribbed plate, and yields a non-conventional plate model with frequency dependent parameters. These results allow investigating the atypical dispersion equation with respect to the geometrical and mechanical contrasts of the structural components. The validity and robustness of the model are also verified by comparing theoretical predictions with finite element based computations, namely the WFEM (Wave Finite Element Method). Comparisons show that mechanisms identified numerically are correctly predicted by the proposed homogenized model. Finally, two mock-ups are considered experimentally, corresponding to uni-directionally ribbed plate with geometrical contrast and orthogonally ribbed plates involving geometrical and mechanical contrasts. The out-of-plane displacement field under random excitation is measured using a scanning laser vibrometer, then post-processed using the IWC (Inhomogeneous Wave Correlation) method. This is performed for various internal boundary conditions and added mass to highlight the ability of the homogenized model to describe different configurations. A good agreement is found between the experimental measurements and the analytical predictions. The presented approach can be used to describe the motion of ribbed panels of industrial interest and/or to design structures having specific atypical features in a given frequency range.

Bridges often use pile foundations behind MSE walls to help resist lateral loading from seismic and thermal expansion and contraction loads. Overdesign of pile spacing and sizes occur owing to a lack of design code guidance for piles behind an MSE wall. However, space constraints necessitate the installation of piles near the wall. Full scale lateral load tests were conducted on piles behind an MSE wall. This study involves the testing of four HP12X74 H-piles and four HSS12X12X5/16 square piles. The H-piles were tested with ribbed strip soil reinforcement at a wall height of 15 feet, and the square piles were tested with welded wire reinforcement at a wall height of 20 feet. The H-piles were spaced from the back face of the MSE wall at pile diameters 4.5, 3.2, 2.5, and 2.2. The square piles were spaced at pile diameters 5.7, 4.2, 3.1, and 2.1. Testing was based on a displacement control method where load increments were applied every 0.25 inches up to three inches of pile deflection. It was concluded that piles placed closer than 3.9 pile diameters have a reduction in their lateral resistance. P-multipliers were back-calculated in LPILE from the load-deflection curves obtained from the tests. The p-multipliers were found to be 1.0, 0.85, 0.60, and 0.73 for the H-piles spaced at 4.5, 3.2, 2.5, and 2.2 pile diameters, respectively. The p-multipliers for the square piles were found to be 1.0, 0.77, 0.63, and 0.57 for piles spaced at 5.7, 4.2, 3.1, and 2.1 pile diameters, respectively. An equation was developed to estimate p-multipliers versus pile distance behind the wall. These p-multipliers account for reduced soil resistance, and decrease linearly with distance for piles placed closer than 3.9 pile diameters. Measurements were also taken of the force induced in the soil reinforcement. A statistical analysis was performed to develop an equation that could predict the maximum induced reinforcement load. The main parameters that went into this equation were the lateral pile load, transverse distance from the reinforcement to the pile center normalized by the pile diameter, spacing from the pile center to the wall normalized by the pile diameter, vertical stress, and reinforcement length to height ratio where the height included the equivalent height of the surcharge. The multiple regression equations account for 76% of the variation in observed tensile force for the ribbed strip reinforcement, and 77% of the variation for the welded wire reinforcement. The tensile force was found to increase in the reinforcement as the pile spacing decreased, transverse spacing from the pile decreased, and as the lateral load increased.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A utilização de lajes nervuradas nas edificações em geral vem crescendo no Brasil, pois,com o desenvolvimento da computação, a modelagem destas estruturas tornou-se mais acessível aos projetistas e as vantagens inerentes ao sistema tornaram-se visíveis. Por esta razão, vários trabalhos foram publicados nos últimos anos tendo como finalidade a análise deste tipo de laje, sempre utilizando e comparando diferentes métodos de análise, dentre os quais pode-se destacar: analogia de grelha e método dos elementos finitos. Uma das razões para isto é a utilização da analogia de grelha pelos principais programas comerciais de cálculo de concreto armado. Este trabalho faz uma análise paramétrica de um modelo de laje nervurada de concreto armado denominada REDUZCON e determina a influência de diversos parâmetros relevantes na análise elástico-linear destas lajes. O sistema de laje REDUZCON é um sistema de laje nervurada que utiliza cubas cilíndricas invertidas metálicas denominadas BRC (barrote redutor de concreto). Por meio do estudo paramétrico das lajes nervuradas de concreto armado do tipo REDUZCON são abordados fatores importantes para o modelo de analogia de grelha, como a condição do apoio (deslocável ou indeslocável) e o momento de inércia à torção. Também é estudada a influência da relação entre os vãos e do número de nervuras para uma laje cuja quantidade de nervuras é diferente nos dois sentidos. Investiga-se, ainda, a freqüência fundamental de algumas destas lajes, para comparação com os valores recomendados pela NBR-6118 (2003). Os resultados obtidos ao longo do estudo indicam claramente, que os parâmetros mais relevantes na analogia de grelha, tais como momento de inércia à torção e condição de apoio das lajes, modificam substancialmente os resultados de deslocamento e esforços do sistema estrutural. / The use of ribbed slabs in the constructions in general is growing in Brazil, because, with the development of the computation, the modelling of these structures became more accessible to the designers and the inherent advantages to the system became visible. For this reason, several works were published in the last years having as purpose the analysis of this slabs type, always using and comparing different methods, among them, grillage analogy are the most used, since it is also used in the main commercial programs of reinforced concrete. In this work a parametric analyzes of a model of ribbed slabs of reinforced concrete called REDUZCON is made and it determines the influence of several relevant parameters in the elastic-lineal analysis of these slabs. This system makes use of inverse cylinder metallic cap named BRC (reduced concrete cap). Through the parametric analysis of the ribbed slabs REDUZCON, important factors are approached for the model of grillage analogy, as the boundary conditions, torsional inertia of the system (ribs and board beams), geometry of the edge beams, and the number of transversal ribbings. It is also studied the influence of the sides ratio. Finally is also investigated the natural frequency of some of these slabs and compared with the values recommended in the design codes. The results obtained along the study indicate clearly, that the most relevant parameters in the grillage analogy, such as torsional inertia and condition of support of the slabs, they modify the displacement results and efforts of the structural system substantially.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nesta dissertação desenvolve-se um estudo sobre o comportamento estrutural de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado, tendo em mente o emprego destas em sistemas estruturais na engenharia civil, de forma viável sob o ponto de vista técnico e econômico. No cenário atual, diversos tipos de sistemas estruturais têm sido desenvolvidos, dentre estes as lajes nervuradas de concreto armado com base no sistema Reduzcon. Essas lajes nervuradas têm como principais características o baixo consumo de material e o peso próprio bastante reduzido. Este sistema utiliza cubas cilíndricas invertidas metálicas denominadas BRC (Barrote Redutor de Concreto), que suportam o concreto da laje. Assim sendo, este trabalho de pesquisa apresenta um estudo acerca da resposta estática e dinâmica do sistema estrutural em questão, em relação aos deslocamentos translacionais verticais e tensões; e, bem como, da resposta dinâmica do sistema sob o ponto de vista de conforto humano. Ênfase especial é dada às atividades humanas rítmicas, com base no emprego de modelos de carregamento que representem as ações inerentes à ginástica aeróbica. A definição das ações dinâmicas atuantes sobre os modelos estruturais foi feita com base em resultados de testes experimentais que levam em conta os efeitos de multidão. A análise numérica fundamenta-se na modelagem computacional do sistema, através do Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), de forma a representar apropriadamente o comportamento estrutural das lajes Reduzcon. São empregadas técnicas usuais de discretização, por meio do programa ANSYS. As vigas de bordo, nervuras e a laje de concreto são simuladas por elementos finitos sólidos tridimensionais. / In this work a study is developed on reinforced concrete ribbed slabs behavior, having in mind there use in a viable, economic and technical point of view, in civil engineering structural systems. Nowadays several slab systems are being developed where reinforced concrete ribbed slabs Reduzcon, presents among them. One of the main characteristics of these ribbed slabs is the low material consumption and the reduced self-weight. This system uses inverted metallic cylindrical cap called BRC (Reduced Concrete Cap), which supports the concrete of the slab. This research work presents a study concerning static and dynamic response of the structural system for vertical translational displacements, stress; as well as, the dynamic response of the system under the point of view of human comfort. Special emphasis is given to the rhythmic activities of human beings, by using models implementations that represents aerobic gymnastics. The definition of dynamic actions upon the structural models were obtained based on the experimental results taking in consideration the crowd effects. The numerical analysis is based on the computational modeling of the system, through the Method of finite elements (MEF), in order to appropriately represent the structural behavior of the Reduzcon slab. Usual techniques of discretization were applied using the computer program Ansys. The edge beams, ribs and the concrete slab were simulated using three-dimensional solid finite elements.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A utilização de lajes nervuradas nas edificações em geral vem crescendo no Brasil, pois,com o desenvolvimento da computação, a modelagem destas estruturas tornou-se mais acessível aos projetistas e as vantagens inerentes ao sistema tornaram-se visíveis. Por esta razão, vários trabalhos foram publicados nos últimos anos tendo como finalidade a análise deste tipo de laje, sempre utilizando e comparando diferentes métodos de análise, dentre os quais pode-se destacar: analogia de grelha e método dos elementos finitos. Uma das razões para isto é a utilização da analogia de grelha pelos principais programas comerciais de cálculo de concreto armado. Este trabalho faz uma análise paramétrica de um modelo de laje nervurada de concreto armado denominada REDUZCON e determina a influência de diversos parâmetros relevantes na análise elástico-linear destas lajes. O sistema de laje REDUZCON é um sistema de laje nervurada que utiliza cubas cilíndricas invertidas metálicas denominadas BRC (barrote redutor de concreto). Por meio do estudo paramétrico das lajes nervuradas de concreto armado do tipo REDUZCON são abordados fatores importantes para o modelo de analogia de grelha, como a condição do apoio (deslocável ou indeslocável) e o momento de inércia à torção. Também é estudada a influência da relação entre os vãos e do número de nervuras para uma laje cuja quantidade de nervuras é diferente nos dois sentidos. Investiga-se, ainda, a freqüência fundamental de algumas destas lajes, para comparação com os valores recomendados pela NBR-6118 (2003). Os resultados obtidos ao longo do estudo indicam claramente, que os parâmetros mais relevantes na analogia de grelha, tais como momento de inércia à torção e condição de apoio das lajes, modificam substancialmente os resultados de deslocamento e esforços do sistema estrutural. / The use of ribbed slabs in the constructions in general is growing in Brazil, because, with the development of the computation, the modelling of these structures became more accessible to the designers and the inherent advantages to the system became visible. For this reason, several works were published in the last years having as purpose the analysis of this slabs type, always using and comparing different methods, among them, grillage analogy are the most used, since it is also used in the main commercial programs of reinforced concrete. In this work a parametric analyzes of a model of ribbed slabs of reinforced concrete called REDUZCON is made and it determines the influence of several relevant parameters in the elastic-lineal analysis of these slabs. This system makes use of inverse cylinder metallic cap named BRC (reduced concrete cap). Through the parametric analysis of the ribbed slabs REDUZCON, important factors are approached for the model of grillage analogy, as the boundary conditions, torsional inertia of the system (ribs and board beams), geometry of the edge beams, and the number of transversal ribbings. It is also studied the influence of the sides ratio. Finally is also investigated the natural frequency of some of these slabs and compared with the values recommended in the design codes. The results obtained along the study indicate clearly, that the most relevant parameters in the grillage analogy, such as torsional inertia and condition of support of the slabs, they modify the displacement results and efforts of the structural system substantially.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nesta dissertação desenvolve-se um estudo sobre o comportamento estrutural de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado, tendo em mente o emprego destas em sistemas estruturais na engenharia civil, de forma viável sob o ponto de vista técnico e econômico. No cenário atual, diversos tipos de sistemas estruturais têm sido desenvolvidos, dentre estes as lajes nervuradas de concreto armado com base no sistema Reduzcon. Essas lajes nervuradas têm como principais características o baixo consumo de material e o peso próprio bastante reduzido. Este sistema utiliza cubas cilíndricas invertidas metálicas denominadas BRC (Barrote Redutor de Concreto), que suportam o concreto da laje. Assim sendo, este trabalho de pesquisa apresenta um estudo acerca da resposta estática e dinâmica do sistema estrutural em questão, em relação aos deslocamentos translacionais verticais e tensões; e, bem como, da resposta dinâmica do sistema sob o ponto de vista de conforto humano. Ênfase especial é dada às atividades humanas rítmicas, com base no emprego de modelos de carregamento que representem as ações inerentes à ginástica aeróbica. A definição das ações dinâmicas atuantes sobre os modelos estruturais foi feita com base em resultados de testes experimentais que levam em conta os efeitos de multidão. A análise numérica fundamenta-se na modelagem computacional do sistema, através do Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), de forma a representar apropriadamente o comportamento estrutural das lajes Reduzcon. São empregadas técnicas usuais de discretização, por meio do programa ANSYS. As vigas de bordo, nervuras e a laje de concreto são simuladas por elementos finitos sólidos tridimensionais. / In this work a study is developed on reinforced concrete ribbed slabs behavior, having in mind there use in a viable, economic and technical point of view, in civil engineering structural systems. Nowadays several slab systems are being developed where reinforced concrete ribbed slabs Reduzcon, presents among them. One of the main characteristics of these ribbed slabs is the low material consumption and the reduced self-weight. This system uses inverted metallic cylindrical cap called BRC (Reduced Concrete Cap), which supports the concrete of the slab. This research work presents a study concerning static and dynamic response of the structural system for vertical translational displacements, stress; as well as, the dynamic response of the system under the point of view of human comfort. Special emphasis is given to the rhythmic activities of human beings, by using models implementations that represents aerobic gymnastics. The definition of dynamic actions upon the structural models were obtained based on the experimental results taking in consideration the crowd effects. The numerical analysis is based on the computational modeling of the system, through the Method of finite elements (MEF), in order to appropriately represent the structural behavior of the Reduzcon slab. Usual techniques of discretization were applied using the computer program Ansys. The edge beams, ribs and the concrete slab were simulated using three-dimensional solid finite elements.

The diploma thesis covers a design and an assesment of a timber bearing structure of sports hall. The plan of the hall is round, i.e. the object is shaped as a dome. The structure is designed in two ways: geodesic and ribbed dome. Both options are made of glued laminated timber and structural timber.