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A Multi-Grid Method for Generalized Lyapunov EquationsPenzl, Thilo 07 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
We present a multi-grid method for a class of
structured generalized Lyapunov matrix equations.
Such equations need to be solved in each step of
the Newton method for algebraic Riccati equations,
which arise from linear-quadratic optimal control
problems governed by partial differential equations.
We prove the rate of convergence of the two-grid
method to be bounded independent of the dimension
of the problem under certain assumptions.
The multi-grid method is based on matrix-matrix
multiplications and thus it offers a great
potential for a parallelization. The efficiency
of the method is demonstrated by numerical
experiments.
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DGRSVX and DMSRIC: Fortran 77 subroutines for solving continuous-time matrix algebraic Riccati equations with condition and accuracy estimatesPetkov, P. Hr., Konstantinov, M. M., Mehrmann, V. 12 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
We present new Fortran 77 subroutines which implement the Schur method and the
matrix sign function method for the solution of the continuoustime matrix algebraic
Riccati equation on the basis of LAPACK subroutines. In order to avoid some of
the wellknown difficulties with these methods due to a loss of accuracy, we combine
the implementations with block scalings as well as condition estimates and forward
error estimates. Results of numerical experiments comparing the performance of both
methods for more than one hundred well and illconditioned Riccati equations of order
up to 150 are given. It is demonstrated that there exist several classes of examples for
which the matrix sign function approach performs more reliably and more accurately
than the Schur method. In all cases the forward error estimates allow to obtain a reliable
bound on the accuracy of the computed solution.
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Compatible Lie and Jordan algebras and applications to structured matrices and pencils /Mehl, Christian, January 1900 (has links)
Diss.--Mathematik--Chemnitz--Technische Universität, 1998. / Bibliogr. p. 103-105.
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Lagrangian invariant subspaces of Hamiltonian matricesMehrmann, Volker, Xu, Hongguo 14 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
The existence and uniqueness of Lagrangian invariant subspaces of Hamiltonian matrices is studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given in terms of the Jordan structure and certain sign characteristics that give uniqueness of these subspaces even in the presence of purely imaginary eigenvalues. These results are applied to obtain in special cases existence and uniqueness results for Hermitian solutions of continuous time algebraic Riccati equations.
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Solving Linear-Quadratic Optimal Control Problems on Parallel ComputersBenner, Peter, Quintana-Ortí, Enrique S., Quintana-Ortí, Gregorio 11 September 2006 (has links) (PDF)
We discuss a parallel library of efficient algorithms for the solution of linear-quadratic optimal control problems involving largescale systems with state-space dimension up to $O(10^4)$. We survey the numerical algorithms underlying the implementation of the chosen optimal control methods. The approaches considered here are based on invariant and deflating subspace techniques, and avoid the explicit solution of the associated algebraic Riccati equations in case of possible ill-conditioning. Still, our algorithms can also optionally compute the Riccati solution. The major computational task of finding spectral projectors onto the required invariant or deflating subspaces is implemented using iterative schemes for the sign and disk functions. Experimental results report the numerical accuracy and the parallel performance of our approach on a cluster of Intel Itanium-2 processors.
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Memory efficient approaches of second order for optimal control problems / Speichereffiziente Verfahren zweiter Ordnung für Probleme der optimalen SteuerungSternberg, Julia 16 December 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Consider a time-dependent optimal control problem, where the state evolution is described by an initial value problem. There are a variety of numerical methods to solve these problems. The so-called indirect approach is considered detailed in this thesis. The indirect methods solve decoupled boundary value problems resulting from the necessary conditions for the optimal control problem. The so-called Pantoja method describes a computationally efficient stage-wise construction of the Newton direction for the discrete-time optimal control problem. There are many relationships between multiple shooting techniques and Pantoja method, which are investigated in this thesis. In this context, the equivalence of Pantoja method and multiple shooting method of Riccati type is shown. Moreover, Pantoja method is extended to the case where the state equations are discretised using one of implicit numerical methods. Furthermore, the concept of symplecticness and Hamiltonian systems is introduced. In this regard, a suitable numerical method is presented, which can be applied to unconstrained optimal control problems. It is proved that this method is a symplectic one. The iterative solution of optimal control problems in ordinary differential equations by Pantoja or Riccati equivalent methods leads to a succession of triple sweeps through the discretised time interval. The second (adjoint) sweep relies on information from the first (original) sweep, and the third (final) sweep depends on both of them. Typically, the steps on the adjoint sweep involve more operations and require more storage than the other two. The key difficulty is given by the enormous amount of memory required for the implementation of these methods if all states throughout forward and adjoint sweeps are stored. One of goals of this thesis is to present checkpointing techniques for memory reduced implementation of these methods. For this purpose, the well known aspect of checkpointing has to be extended to a `nested checkpointing` for multiple transversals. The proposed nested reversal schedules drastically reduce the required spatial complexity. The schedules are designed to minimise the overall execution time given a certain total amount of storage for the checkpoints. The proposed scheduling schemes are applied to the memory reduced implementation of the optimal control problem of laser surface hardening and other optimal control problems. / Es wird ein Problem der optimalen Steuerung betrachtet. Die dazugehoerigen Zustandsgleichungen sind mit einer Anfangswertaufgabe definiert. Es existieren zahlreiche numerische Methoden, um Probleme der optimalen Steuerung zu loesen. Der so genannte indirekte Ansatz wird in diesen Thesen detailliert betrachtet. Die indirekten Methoden loesen das aus den Notwendigkeitsbedingungen resultierende Randwertproblem. Das so genannte Pantoja Verfahren beschreibt eine zeiteffiziente schrittweise Berechnung der Newton Richtung fuer diskrete Probleme der optimalen Steuerung. Es gibt mehrere Beziehungen zwischen den unterschiedlichen Mehrzielmethoden und dem Pantoja Verfahren, die in diesen Thesen detailliert zu untersuchen sind. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die aequivalence zwischen dem Pantoja Verfahren und der Mehrzielmethode vom Riccati Typ gezeigt. Ausserdem wird das herkoemlige Pantoja Verfahren dahingehend erweitert, dass die Zustandsgleichungen mit Hilfe einer impliziten numerischen Methode diskretisiert sind. Weiterhin wird das Symplektische Konzept eingefuehrt. In diesem Zusammenhang wird eine geeignete numerische Methode praesentiert, die fuer ein unrestringiertes Problem der optimalen Steuerung angewendet werden kann. In diesen Thesen wird bewiesen, dass diese Methode symplectisch ist. Das iterative Loesen eines Problems der optimalen Steuerung in gewoenlichen Differentialgleichungen mit Hilfe von Pantoja oder Riccati aequivalenten Verfahren fuehrt auf eine Aufeinanderfolge der Durchlaeufetripeln in einem diskretisierten Zeitintervall. Der zweite (adjungierte) Lauf haengt von der Information des ersten (primalen) Laufes, und der dritte (finale) Lauf haeng von den beiden vorherigen ab. Ueblicherweise beinhalten Schritte und Zustaende des adjungierten Laufes wesentlich mehr Operationen und benoetigen auch wesentlich mehr Speicherplatzkapazitaet als Schritte und Zustaende der anderen zwei Durchlaeufe. Das Grundproblem besteht in einer enormen Speicherplatzkapazitaet, die fuer die Implementierung dieser Methoden benutzt wird, falls alle Zustaende des primalen und des adjungierten Durchlaufes zu speichern sind. Ein Ziel dieser Thesen besteht darin, Checkpointing Strategien zu praesentieren, um diese Methoden speichereffizient zu implementieren. Diese geschachtelten Umkehrschemata sind so konstruiert, dass fuer einen gegebenen Speicherplatz die gesamte Laufzeit zur Abarbeitung des Umkehrschemas minimiert wird. Die aufgestellten Umkehrschemata wurden fuer eine speichereffiziente Implementierung von Problemen der optimalen Steuerung angewendet. Insbesondere betrifft dies das Problem einer Oberflaechenabhaertung mit Laserbehandlung.
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Memory efficient approaches of second order for optimal control problemsSternberg, Julia 20 December 2005 (has links)
Consider a time-dependent optimal control problem, where the state evolution is described by an initial value problem. There are a variety of numerical methods to solve these problems. The so-called indirect approach is considered detailed in this thesis. The indirect methods solve decoupled boundary value problems resulting from the necessary conditions for the optimal control problem. The so-called Pantoja method describes a computationally efficient stage-wise construction of the Newton direction for the discrete-time optimal control problem. There are many relationships between multiple shooting techniques and Pantoja method, which are investigated in this thesis. In this context, the equivalence of Pantoja method and multiple shooting method of Riccati type is shown. Moreover, Pantoja method is extended to the case where the state equations are discretised using one of implicit numerical methods. Furthermore, the concept of symplecticness and Hamiltonian systems is introduced. In this regard, a suitable numerical method is presented, which can be applied to unconstrained optimal control problems. It is proved that this method is a symplectic one. The iterative solution of optimal control problems in ordinary differential equations by Pantoja or Riccati equivalent methods leads to a succession of triple sweeps through the discretised time interval. The second (adjoint) sweep relies on information from the first (original) sweep, and the third (final) sweep depends on both of them. Typically, the steps on the adjoint sweep involve more operations and require more storage than the other two. The key difficulty is given by the enormous amount of memory required for the implementation of these methods if all states throughout forward and adjoint sweeps are stored. One of goals of this thesis is to present checkpointing techniques for memory reduced implementation of these methods. For this purpose, the well known aspect of checkpointing has to be extended to a `nested checkpointing` for multiple transversals. The proposed nested reversal schedules drastically reduce the required spatial complexity. The schedules are designed to minimise the overall execution time given a certain total amount of storage for the checkpoints. The proposed scheduling schemes are applied to the memory reduced implementation of the optimal control problem of laser surface hardening and other optimal control problems. / Es wird ein Problem der optimalen Steuerung betrachtet. Die dazugehoerigen Zustandsgleichungen sind mit einer Anfangswertaufgabe definiert. Es existieren zahlreiche numerische Methoden, um Probleme der optimalen Steuerung zu loesen. Der so genannte indirekte Ansatz wird in diesen Thesen detailliert betrachtet. Die indirekten Methoden loesen das aus den Notwendigkeitsbedingungen resultierende Randwertproblem. Das so genannte Pantoja Verfahren beschreibt eine zeiteffiziente schrittweise Berechnung der Newton Richtung fuer diskrete Probleme der optimalen Steuerung. Es gibt mehrere Beziehungen zwischen den unterschiedlichen Mehrzielmethoden und dem Pantoja Verfahren, die in diesen Thesen detailliert zu untersuchen sind. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die aequivalence zwischen dem Pantoja Verfahren und der Mehrzielmethode vom Riccati Typ gezeigt. Ausserdem wird das herkoemlige Pantoja Verfahren dahingehend erweitert, dass die Zustandsgleichungen mit Hilfe einer impliziten numerischen Methode diskretisiert sind. Weiterhin wird das Symplektische Konzept eingefuehrt. In diesem Zusammenhang wird eine geeignete numerische Methode praesentiert, die fuer ein unrestringiertes Problem der optimalen Steuerung angewendet werden kann. In diesen Thesen wird bewiesen, dass diese Methode symplectisch ist. Das iterative Loesen eines Problems der optimalen Steuerung in gewoenlichen Differentialgleichungen mit Hilfe von Pantoja oder Riccati aequivalenten Verfahren fuehrt auf eine Aufeinanderfolge der Durchlaeufetripeln in einem diskretisierten Zeitintervall. Der zweite (adjungierte) Lauf haengt von der Information des ersten (primalen) Laufes, und der dritte (finale) Lauf haeng von den beiden vorherigen ab. Ueblicherweise beinhalten Schritte und Zustaende des adjungierten Laufes wesentlich mehr Operationen und benoetigen auch wesentlich mehr Speicherplatzkapazitaet als Schritte und Zustaende der anderen zwei Durchlaeufe. Das Grundproblem besteht in einer enormen Speicherplatzkapazitaet, die fuer die Implementierung dieser Methoden benutzt wird, falls alle Zustaende des primalen und des adjungierten Durchlaufes zu speichern sind. Ein Ziel dieser Thesen besteht darin, Checkpointing Strategien zu praesentieren, um diese Methoden speichereffizient zu implementieren. Diese geschachtelten Umkehrschemata sind so konstruiert, dass fuer einen gegebenen Speicherplatz die gesamte Laufzeit zur Abarbeitung des Umkehrschemas minimiert wird. Die aufgestellten Umkehrschemata wurden fuer eine speichereffiziente Implementierung von Problemen der optimalen Steuerung angewendet. Insbesondere betrifft dies das Problem einer Oberflaechenabhaertung mit Laserbehandlung.
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A Multi-Grid Method for Generalized Lyapunov EquationsPenzl, Thilo 07 September 2005 (has links)
We present a multi-grid method for a class of
structured generalized Lyapunov matrix equations.
Such equations need to be solved in each step of
the Newton method for algebraic Riccati equations,
which arise from linear-quadratic optimal control
problems governed by partial differential equations.
We prove the rate of convergence of the two-grid
method to be bounded independent of the dimension
of the problem under certain assumptions.
The multi-grid method is based on matrix-matrix
multiplications and thus it offers a great
potential for a parallelization. The efficiency
of the method is demonstrated by numerical
experiments.
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DGRSVX and DMSRIC: Fortran 77 subroutines for solving continuous-time matrix algebraic Riccati equations with condition and accuracy estimatesPetkov, P. Hr., Konstantinov, M. M., Mehrmann, V. 12 September 2005 (has links)
We present new Fortran 77 subroutines which implement the Schur method and the
matrix sign function method for the solution of the continuoustime matrix algebraic
Riccati equation on the basis of LAPACK subroutines. In order to avoid some of
the wellknown difficulties with these methods due to a loss of accuracy, we combine
the implementations with block scalings as well as condition estimates and forward
error estimates. Results of numerical experiments comparing the performance of both
methods for more than one hundred well and illconditioned Riccati equations of order
up to 150 are given. It is demonstrated that there exist several classes of examples for
which the matrix sign function approach performs more reliably and more accurately
than the Schur method. In all cases the forward error estimates allow to obtain a reliable
bound on the accuracy of the computed solution.
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Lagrangian invariant subspaces of Hamiltonian matricesMehrmann, Volker, Xu, Hongguo 14 September 2005 (has links)
The existence and uniqueness of Lagrangian invariant subspaces of Hamiltonian matrices is studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given in terms of the Jordan structure and certain sign characteristics that give uniqueness of these subspaces even in the presence of purely imaginary eigenvalues. These results are applied to obtain in special cases existence and uniqueness results for Hermitian solutions of continuous time algebraic Riccati equations.
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