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Rights and constitutionalism - a bias towards offenders?Makiwane, Peterson Nkosimntu 11 1900 (has links)
The South African Constitution, with its Bill of Rights, represents a decisive break with the past and a great advance by South Africans in reclaiming their human dignity and fundamental freedoms. Before 1993 punishment of crime was defined by the social order which had been designed under the apartheid government; prisoners were generally subjected to cruel and degrading treatment while criminal suspects could be detained indefinitely and without trial. The penal system was to some extent directed at controlling and regulating the conduct of Blacks. The constitutional dispensation has resulted in a re-look at our penal policy and has placed great emphasis on the rights of prisoners. These rights flow from the rights to equality, dignity and liberty. The Constitution has entrenched certain rights of criminal suspects, including the right to a fair trial. Legislation has been introduced to ensure compliance with the constitutional imperatives.
The new dispensation has given rise to debate on many issues, and facilitated a rise of a victims’ movement seeking to promote victim interests. This movement has noted that offenders and alleged offenders enjoy a series of constitutional rights, and that corresponding rights for crime victims need to be introduced. Victims are unlikely to be accorded rights in the literal sense of the word; nevertheless, they need to be accommodated within the criminal justice system. This need has given birth to a charter for crime victims, a document that seeks to empower crime victims. The perception remains, however, that offenders and crime suspects still enjoy too much protection, to the detriment of victim interests. The development of victim rights is hampered by the adversarial nature of the country’s criminal justice system and the perception that victims have no role to play within the criminal process, other than as witnesses.
The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the extent to which our Bill of Rights strikes a balance between the interests of alleged offenders and offenders on the one hand, and crime victims on the other. It also seeks to create awareness about the plight of crime victims and to make suggestions on possible solutions. / Criminal & Procedural Law / LLD (Criminal & Procedural Law)
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Outeursreg en die openbare uitvoering van 'n musiekwerkJansen, Marlize 11 1900 (has links)
LL.M.
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African women as moral agents : the moral implications of the status and role of women in their communitiesLebaka-Ketshabile, Libuseng Sophy 11 1900 (has links)
Traditional ethical views have tended to define moral agency
from the patriarchal perspective. Seen and defined from this
perspective, it has been maintained that women are not
transmitters or teachers of good morals, let alone makers of
sound moral judgments. This biased stance on women and moral
agency is not only prevalent in Western traditional ethical
approaches. It is also found in the thinking and practice of
contemporary African society.
Contrary to traditional ethical views on moral agency, both Western and African, this work argues that African women are
good moral agents. They have always demonstrated moral
responsibility through participation in the overall life of
their society. To ensure maximum participation of all African
women in society, the dissertation suggests that a process of
conscientization for a liberative culture should become a priority for African society. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Theological Ethics)
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'n Ontleding van S.V. Makwanyane met spesifieke verwysing na die openbare meningBloem, Andre 11 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in English and Afrikaans / Die Konstitusionele Hof het ir:i S v Makwanyane besluit dat die doodstraf nie
versoenbaar is met die Grondwet nie en dit ongeldig verklaar. Die kritiek teenoor
die regbank en die openbare mening oor die doodstraf was nog altyd s6 prominent
dat die hof nie anders kon as om hieraan aandag te skenk nie. Die hof besluit dat
die openbare mening nie 'n rol speel in die hersieningsproses nie. In hierdie
verhandeling word die hof se standpunte en red es daarvoor ontleed. Ek kom tot die
gevolgtrekking dat die hof korrek bes I is het. Die open bare mening is onseker. Daar
is 'n verskil tussen die aard van die waardes in die Grondwet en die aard van die
open bare mening. Die kritiek op die uitspraak is te wyte aan die gebrek aan insig
en begrip onder lede van die gemeenskap oor die nuwe bestel en die rol van die
regbank daarin. / The Constitutional Court in S v Makwanyane declared that the death penalty was
inconsistent with the Constitution. The criticism on courts and the public opinion
on the death penalty have been so severe that the court could not have but
considered these issues. The court concluded that public opinion is not relevant
in constitutional review. In this dissertation, I analyze the court's viewpoints and
the reasons therefor. My conclusion is that the court made the correct decision.
The public opinion is uncertain, and differs from values. The judgment is criticised
due to a lack of understanding amongst the public as to the meaning of the new
dispensation and the role of our courts therein. / Law / Thesis (LL.M.)--Universiteit van Suid-Afrika, 1996.
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An assessment of constitutional guarantees of religious rights and freedoms in South AfricaGildenhuys, J. L. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (LLD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The central issue which is considered in this thesis is the meaning of the constitutional
guarantees of religious rights and freedoms in South Africa. In other words, it is concerned
with the functions of the state, through its laws or conduct, in respect of religion and with its
relationship towards the institutional church or religious community.
It is argued that religious freedom is, in fact, a bundle of rights and freedoms. The "essential
rights and freedoms of religion" which constitute this "bundle" are identified in the context of
the historical development of religious rights. It is shown that religious rights theories have
developed in the West which include concepts of freedom of conscience, the right to freely
exercise religion, accommodation of pluralism of a confessional and institutional nature,
equality of all religions before the law, nondiscrimination on the grounds offaith, institutional
separation of church and state and some separation of state (or law) and religion.
It is maintained that no single principle could by itself guarantee religious freedom and that
these rights and freedoms are mutually. supportive of and mutually subservient to the highest
goal of guaranteeing religious freedom. These essential rights and freedoms are therefore
treated as constituting minimum standards for the protection of religious freedom and it is
argued that religious freedom as protected in the South African Constitution should be
interpreted to incorporate these multiple principles.
It is shown that, prior to the promulgation of the interim Constitution the essential rights and
freedoms of religion were not adequately protected in South Africa and that the constitutional
entrenchment of these essential religious rights was necessitated by various factors in the
preconstitutional South African society.
The position with regard to religious rights and freedoms in post-Constitutional South Africa
is considered by briefly sketching the broader constitutional context and by assessing the
constitutional clauses protecting religious rights to determine whether the essential rights are
protected. The religious rights provisions in the Constitution are analysed in detail in order to
determine how they should be interpreted and implemented to ensure adequate protection of
the essential rights and freedoms of religion in South Africa. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sentrale vraagstuk wat in hierdie proefskrif ondersoek word is die betekenis van
godsdiensregte en vryhede wat in die Grondwet verskans word. Dit ondersoek die funksie van
die staat, hetsy deur wetgewing of staatsoptrede, ten opsigte van godsdiens en ten opsigte van
kerke of godsdiensgroepe.
Daar word geargumenteer dat godsdiensregte inderdaad uit 'n aantal regte, oftewel, 'n bondel
regte, bestaan. Die essensiële regte en vryhede van godsdiens wat hierdie bondelopmaak word
geïdentifiseer met verwysing na die historiese ontwikkeling van godsdiensregte. Teorieë van
godsdiensregte het in die Weste ontwikkel wat die volgende essensiële regte en vryhede
insluit: vryheid van gewete, die reg om godsdiens vrylik te beoefen, akkommodasie van
pluralisme, gelykheid van alle godsdienste en nie-diskriminasie op grond van godsdiens,
institusionele skeiding van kerk en staat en gedeeltelike skeiding van staat en godsdiens.
Die argument lui verder dat 'n enkele beginsel nie opsigself godsdiensvryheid kan waarborg
nie en dat hierdie regte en vryhede mekaar wedersyds ondersteun en tesame die doel van
godsdiensvryheid dien. Die essensiële regte en vryhede van godsdiens word daarom behandel
as minimum standaarde vir die beskerming van godsdiensvryheid en daar word 'n saak
uitgemaak dat godsdiensvryheid in die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet geïnterpreteer behoort te
word as synde hierdie veelvuldige beginsels in te sluit.
Die proefskriftoon dat die essensiele regte en vryhede nie voor die inwerkingtreding van die
interim Grondwet in Suid-Afrika genoegsame beskerming geniet het nie en dat die
konstitusionele verskansing daarvan deur verskeie faktore in die pre-konstitusionele Suid-
Afrika genoodsaak is.
Die posisie na die inwerkingtreding van die Grondwet word geëvalueer deur kortliks die breë
grondwetlike konteks te skets en vas te stelof die artikels in die Grondwet wat met godsdiens
handel, inderdaad die essensiele regte en vryhede van godsdiens beskerm. Hierdie artikels
word in diepte geanaliseer ten einde te bepaal hoe hulle geïnterpreteer en geïmplementeer
behoort te word ten einde die essensiele godsdiensregte en vryhede genoegsaam te beskerm.
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How can the voice of the child be adequately heard in family law proceedings?Kassan, Daksha Gaman January 2004 (has links)
Child participation and the right of children to be heard in matters that directly affect them, including in judicial and administrative matters, is a right that is entrenched in a number of international and regional instruments. This right is also entrenched in the South African Constitution that provides for children to be legally represented, at State expense, in civil proceedings affecting them and this includes divorce proceedings. However, this constitutional right is limited to those circumstances where a substantial injustice would otherwise result should such legal representation not be afforded. This thesis examined how the voices of children can be heard during divorce proceedings and makes recommendations as to when children involved in divorce proceedings should be granted legal representation at State expense.
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How can the voice of the child be adequately heard in family law proceedings?Kassan, Daksha Gaman January 2004 (has links)
Child participation and the right of children to be heard in matters that directly affect them, including in judicial and administrative matters, is a right that is entrenched in a number of international and regional instruments. This right is also entrenched in the South African Constitution that provides for children to be legally represented, at State expense, in civil proceedings affecting them and this includes divorce proceedings. However, this constitutional right is limited to those circumstances where a substantial injustice would otherwise result should such legal representation not be afforded. This thesis examined how the voices of children can be heard during divorce proceedings and makes recommendations as to when children involved in divorce proceedings should be granted legal representation at State expense.
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An examination of the extent to which South Africa is meeting its legal obligations with regard to the protection of undocumented foreign migrant children.Van der Burg, Anthea January 2005 (has links)
This thesis examined the extent to which South Africa has domesticated the international provisions protecting foreign migrant children. The thesis further investigated procedural gaps and makes recommendations in respect of law and procedure to ensure the adequate protection of the rights of undocumented foreign migrant children in South Africa.
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Die reg op lewe met spesifieke verwysing na aborsie as kritieke beslissingsmoment13 August 2015 (has links)
LL.M. / Please refer to full text to view abstract
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An analysis of tax administration in South Africa, procedural rights and its impact on taxpayersMahadevey, Shalima January 2016 (has links)
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce (Specializing in Taxation), Johannesburg, 2016 / The Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011 (TAA) came into effect on the 1 October
2012 and brought with it significant changes to the South African tax administrative
regime, extending the powers of South African Revenue Service (SARS) while also
indirectly emphasising taxpayers’ rights. This research report examines the impact
that this ‘new legislation’ has had on taxpayers, more especially the procedural and
administrative rights of taxpayers. This research report evaluates inherent procedural
rights of taxpayers as contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa
versus the current provisions in TAA and the remedies available to taxpayers should
their rights be infringed upon. The research report extends to instances of good tax
administrative practices in a few OECD countries and finally concludes with
comments on the future of tax administration in South Africa. / MT2017
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