Cada vez mais a sustentabilidade tem ganhado atenção nas discussões da sociedade. Várias conferências e acordos vêm sido realizados para que os países estabeleçam e cumpram metas para melhorar seu desenvolvimento sustentável. Em especial, no setor agropecuário vêm sendo desenvolvidos vários instrumentos para avaliar e mensurar a sustentabilidade das propriedades agropecuárias. Sendo o setor leiteiro muito representativo para o agronegócio brasileiro, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a sustentabilidade em propriedades agropecuárias que têm a atividade leiteira sua principal atividade econômica, buscando verificar a hipótese de que elas são sustentáveis nas dimensões ambiental, econômica e social, pela metodologia RISE. A escala ecológica do RISE está dividida em trinta parâmetros que compõe seis indicadores (Uso do solo; Produção animal; Fluxo de nutrientes; Uso da água; Energia e clima; e Biodiversidade e proteção das plantas). A escala social é formada por dez parâmetros que representam dois indicadores (Condições de trabalho e Qualidade de vida). A escala econômica por sua vez é compota por onze parâmetros que geram dois indicadores (Viabilidade econômica e Gestão da fazenda). Cabe destacar que esse trabalho surgiu de uma parceria da Dairy Partners Americas com o Swiss College of Agriculture que visa à avaliação de propriedades leiteiras em várias partes do mundo, onde há atuação da empresa. Assim, tornou-se possível o acesso ao questionário do RISE para ser aplicado e a coleta dos dados necessários ao cálculo dos parâmetros e indicadores. Para analisar a sustentabilidade nas propriedades leiteiras foram selecionadas dez amostras, localizadas nos estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Rio Grande do Sul, nas quais foram aplicados o questionário. Os resultados obtidos mostram a necessidade de implementação de medidas em caráter de urgência em algumas áreas ambientais, especialmente no que se refere ao fluxo de nutrientes, energia e clima que apresentaram resultados insustentáveis na maioria das amostras. Já os indicadores ambientais de Uso de solo e Produção animal apresentaram valores sustentáveis na maioria das propriedades. Também foram obtidos resultados sustentáveis nos quesitos de qualidade de vida e viabilidade econômica das dimensões social e econômica, respectivamente. Os demais indicadores obtiveram um resultado intermediário, mas necessitam de medidas para melhorar a sustentabilidade. / Increasingly sustainability has gained attention in discussions of society. Several conferences and agreements have been made for countries to set and meet goals to improve their sustainable development. In particular, the agricultural sector has been developed several tools to evaluate and measure the sustainability of livestock farming. As the dairy industry very representative for the Brazilian agribusiness, this study aims to examine sustainability in agricultural properties that have in dairy as its main economic activity, seeking to verify the hypothesis that they are sustainable in environmental, economic and social, by using RISE methodology. The scale of the ecological RISE is divided into thirty parameters that comprise six indicators (Soil use; Animal husbandry; Nutrients flows; Water use; Energy and climate; and Biodiversity and plant protection). The social scale consists of ten parameters that represent two indicators (Working conditions and Quality of life). The economic scale turn is jam eleven parameters that generate two indicators (Economic viability and Farm management). It is worth noting that this work grew out of a partnership between Dairy Partners Americas with the Swiss College of Agriculture aimed at the evaluation of dairy farms in various parts of the world where the company operates. Thus, it became possible access to the RISE questionnaire to be applied and the collection of data necessary to calculate the parameters and indicators. To analyze sustainability in dairy farms were selected ten samples located in the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, were studied using the questionnaire. The results show the need to implement measures on an emergency basis in some environmental areas, especially with regard to the flow of nutrients, energy and climate have tested unsustainable in most samples. The indicators of environmental soil use and animal husbandry values presented in the most sustainable properties. Sustainable results were also obtained in the categories of quality of life and economic viability of the social and economic dimensions, respectively. Other indicators showed an intermediate result, but require measures to improve sustainability.

No description available.

Globally, sea levels have risen in the last century, and various projections suggest substantial increases in sea level due to climate change in this century. In Nigeria, there are no up-to-date sea level rise (SLR) assessments for the coast. Much of the Nigerian coast is low lying with the consequence that a 1 to 3 metres rise in sea level, which may result from eustatic or climate change, will have a catastrophic effect on the human activities in these regions. This study examines the consequences of continued sea level rise with a focus on erosion and inundation for the Nigerian coast and considers the coastal management practices of coastal partnerships (CPs). The Nigerian coast has been delineated according to distinct geomorphological units, which include the Barrier, Mud, Delta and Strand coasts. The Bruun model has been used to compute shoreline recession along the Nigerian coast with the exception of the Mud coast. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to develop inundation models and examine the impact scenarios that SLR will have on critical elements, which include land, population, economic activity (Gross Domestic Product), urban extent, agriculture and wetlands with the aid of high quality spatially disaggregated global data. A case study approach was used to assess the management practices of Pro-Natural International Nigeria; Niger Delta Wetland Centre, Niger Delta Development Commission; and Flood Erosion and Coastal Zone Management, Rivers State with the aid of a suite of systemic sustainability appraisal indices. Results indicate that shoreline recession will be mild along the coast while substantial loss due to inundation of the critical elements is expected for all the scenarios considered. The sustainability assessment indicates that the CPs did not meet the required standard for sustainability, however there was evidence of constructive management in some of them. This study has been able to provide up-to-date baseline data concerning the vulnerability of the coast to SLR for the four coastal systems in Nigeria. The coastal sustainability assessment, which is the first ever in Nigeria, reflects the need for corrective measures in the management practices of the CPs to achieve a sustainable coast in the light of coastal hazards.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

As an emerging great/super power, what the world needs to know about the rise of China? Unfortunately, many efforts to develop a comprehensive and detailed perspective on the rise of China are clouded, and even distorted. That is why and where this dissertation comes in. In order to help readers understand how observers interpret the rise of China; furthermore, what should be prepared to deal with a China led by the Chinese Communist Party(CCP), this study mainly concentrates on discourses on the rise of China, especially reflecting on the CCP¡¦s leaders¡¦ discourses from the perspective of identity and action. Based on the perspective of identity and action, this study reviewed the key concepts and logic as follows firstly: China, rise, identity, action, actor, rationality, imagine, and the logic of antithesis. Secondly, this study made a recombination of these concepts and the logic of antithesis to develop a theoretical framework, and named it ¡§the framework of identity-action positions.¡¨ Thirdly, in looking at the period from lat-Qing Dynasty to the present, this study applied the framework to analyze discourses on the rise of China, and particularly try to discover their common origin. Finally, this study argues that the origin of discourses on the rise of China is Chinese leaders¡¦ ambitions. However, there is a crucial difference between the CCP and other Chinese leaders. Continuous struggle, inevitably, is the essence of the CCP and its leaders¡¦ mindset. Thus, understanding the CCP and its leaders¡¦ continuous struggle for survival and development, in observing the rise of China, is what the world needs to know behind the scenes.

This study calculate the frictional temperature of the dissimilar metal pair by theoretical analysis. Analyze the frictional temperature rise at interface dividing into the flash temperature rise and the bulk temperature rise. According the frictional temperature rise, establish the model of the temperature rise at the first cycle and the quasi-steady state cycle. And then discuss the condition of asperity contact by the measurement of experimental temperature rise. In the bulk temperature rise and the flash temperature rise, compare with the exact solution, the approximate solution of the average temperature rise that we derived have little error in specific range of Peclet number. Combine the approximate solution of the bulk temperature rise and the flash temperature rise to calculate the temperature rise of asperity contact at rubbing interface. We can evaluate the average contact length of asperity by measured values.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 325-335). Also available in print.

In this study, a theoretical framework within the structure and agency philosophical perspective is presented to aid understanding of the land development process. In order to demonstrate how such theoretical framework may be used, the study focuses on three case studies consisting of high rise office developments in the Golden Triangle Area of Kuala Lumpur. It is argued that traditional models of the land development process are unable to explain adequately the structure and processes of the built environment. Hence, the principal reason for undertaking the study was to assess the suitability of the structure and agency approach to explaining and understanding the land and property development process in a fuller context. In this study, there are two problems. First, to formulate a set of hypotheses in relation to the factors driving the office development process in Kuala Lumpur. The hypotheses concern the interests and strategies of individual agents involved in the development process and the way the underlying structural factors, affect and changes with changing agents actions and interactions. Second, to assess whether Healey's (1992) model of the land development process, which is used as a means to approach this research, is a relevant device to carry out empirical studies on land development process. It is concluded that, in general, the office development process involved complex institutional and agency relationships. The office development process in Kuala Lumpur is shaped by the form of economic and institutional structure which influenced the interests and the way agents behaved in deploying resources. One important finding is that this research is difficult to undertake. The difficulty lies not only in the complexity of the office developments under study, but also resulted from the deficiency of Healey's (1992) model.

Thesis (M. Hous. M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 93-102).

Thesis (M.Hous.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-102). Also available in print.