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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

INFERÊNCIA DO ESFORÇO COGNITIVO DESPENDIDO EM ATIVIDADES HUMANAS A PARTIR DE UM SISTEMA SENSÍVEL AO CONTEXTO / INFERENCE OF THE COGNITIVEWORKLOAD SPENT DURING HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN A CONTEXT-AWARE SYSTEM

Azevedo, Bruno Romero de 03 August 2015 (has links)
There are different reasons that may collaborate for a human activity to result in damages in one s physical health. Generally, they characterize risk situations that can be avoided, if identified. One of these risks is related to the skill level that a person has to process information, react to his surroundings and make decisions in order to perform an activity, which is determined by the allocation of the mental resources demanded by the activity for its execution. When this allocation is inappropriate, there is a higher possibility for some kind of accident related to the activity to happen due to cognitive overload. This way, it is proposed the development of a model for the inference of such cognitive workload based on models from psychology, especially the skill-rule-knowledge model, concepts from ubiquitous computing and different techniques for the measurement of the cognitive workload. This dissertation is a part of the project Activity Project, which aims to develop a context-aware middleware for the inference and prediction of risks in activities. / Existem diferentes motivos que podem colaborar para que uma atividade humana resulte em danos à saúde física de um indivíduo. De modo geral, eles caracterizam situações de risco que podem ser evitadas, caso identificadas. Um destes motivos diz respeito ao nível da habilidade de uma pessoa em processar informações, reagir ao seus arredores e tomar decisões para a realização de uma atividade, o qual é determinado pela alocação de recursos mentais demandados por ela para a sua execução. Quando esta alocação é inadequada, há uma maior possibilidade de que algum tipo de acidente relacionado à atividade ocorra devido à sobrecarga cognitiva. Dessa forma, propõe-se o desenvolvimento de um modelo para a inferência deste esforço cognitivo a partir de modelos da psicologia, em especial o modelo comportamental habilidade-regra-conhecimento, conceitos da computação ubíqua e de diferentes técnicas para o mensuramento do esforço cognitivo. Testes foram realizados em um dataset público e os resultados obtidos demonstram ser viável a inferência do esforço cognitivo de forma não-intrusiva em um sistema ubíquo a partir da análise do desempenho do indivíduo. Esta dissertação é parte integrante do projeto Activity Project, o qual visa desenvolver um middleware sensível ao contexto para a inferência e predição do risco em atividades.
2

Совершенствование учетно-аналитического обеспечения в управленческой деятельности на строительных предприятиях : магистерская диссертация / Improvement of accounting and analytical support to management in construction companies

Осипова, А. Г., Osipova, A. G. January 2017 (has links)
В сложившейся экономической ситуации организации строительной отрасли резко нуждаются в проведении работы по разработке методических рекомендаций по организации управленческого учета. Системообразующим и неотъемлемым элементом управленческого учёта является управленческая отчётность. Однако в настоящее время не существует каких-либо специальных отраслевых методических рекомендаций по организации управленческого учета в фирмах строительной отрасли, а также какой- либо универсальной модели управленческой отчётности. Необходимо сформировать новый подход к механизму формирования управленческого учёта исходя из цели организации эффективно¬го функционирования деятельности строительной фирмы. Данная проблема для строительства довольно значима, и в настоящее время необходимо постоянно совершенствовать отдельные элементы учетно-аналитической системы, основу которой составляет управленческий учёт. / Drastically need to work on the development of methodological recommendations on the organization of management accounting. The backbone and an integral element of management accounting is management accounting. However, at present there are no industry-specific methodical recommendations on the organization of management accounting in companies of the construction industry, as well as any universal model of management reporting. It is necessary to create a new approach to the mechanism of formation of management accounting based on the goals of the organization and effective functioning of the activities of the construction company. The problem for construction is quite important and currently it is necessary to continuously improve the individual elements of accounting and analytical system, which is based on management accounting.

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